發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-21 15:12

【摘要】：背景:與單一的本體感覺訓(xùn)練方法和簡(jiǎn)單的軀干和臀部的神經(jīng)肌肉訓(xùn)練方法相比,整合性神經(jīng)肌肉訓(xùn)練具有綜合性的效果,可以預(yù)防膝關(guān)節(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷。目的:進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證整合性神經(jīng)肌肉訓(xùn)練可以增強(qiáng)青少年女性運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)和改善跳躍時(shí)的下肢生物力學(xué)模式。方法:將18名青少年女性網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員隨機(jī)分為2組,實(shí)驗(yàn)組進(jìn)行為期8周的整合性神經(jīng)肌肉訓(xùn)練+技術(shù)性訓(xùn)練,內(nèi)容主要包括下肢力量、核心穩(wěn)定性、超等長(zhǎng)訓(xùn)練、動(dòng)態(tài)平衡、靈敏、速度等方面;對(duì)照組進(jìn)行8周的日常網(wǎng)球訓(xùn)練(傳統(tǒng)性體能訓(xùn)練)+技術(shù)性訓(xùn)練,分別在整合性神經(jīng)肌肉訓(xùn)練干預(yù)前1周及訓(xùn)練干預(yù)后第9周進(jìn)行縱跳成績(jī)、動(dòng)態(tài)平衡、靈敏性測(cè)試和下肢生物力學(xué)縱向的前后測(cè)試,量化整合性神經(jīng)肌肉訓(xùn)練對(duì)其運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)和預(yù)防膝關(guān)節(jié)損傷的影響。結(jié)果與結(jié)論:(1)實(shí)驗(yàn)組前后測(cè)試的縱跳成績(jī)、靈敏性測(cè)試成績(jī)、總體穩(wěn)定指數(shù)、膝關(guān)節(jié)伸展角度和膝內(nèi)外翻力矩均得到了改善(P0.05);(2)整合性神經(jīng)肌肉訓(xùn)練不僅可以提高青少年女性運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)的下肢爆發(fā)力、動(dòng)態(tài)平衡和靈敏性能力等運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì),也可以改善其跳躍時(shí)的下肢生物力學(xué)模式,加大跳躍落地時(shí)的膝關(guān)節(jié)的屈伸角度,降低膝內(nèi)翻和膝外翻的扭矩。
[Abstract]:Background: compared with single proprioceptive training and simple neuromuscular training of trunk and hip, integrated neuromuscular training has comprehensive effect and can prevent knee motion injury. Objective: to further verify that integrative neuromuscular training can enhance the athletic quality of adolescent women and improve the lower limb biomechanical model during jumping. Methods: eighteen adolescent female tennis players were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received 8 weeks of integrated neuromuscular training technical training, which mainly included lower limb strength, core stability, super-isometric training and dynamic balance. Sensitivity, speed and so on; The control group received daily tennis training (traditional physical training) technical training for 8 weeks. The scores of vertical jump were performed 1 week before the integrated neuromuscular training intervention and 9 weeks after the training intervention to achieve dynamic balance. Sensitivity test and longitudinal test of lower limb biomechanics were used to quantify the effects of integrative neuromuscular training on motor quality and prevention of knee joint injury. Results and conclusion: (1) the scores of longitudinal jump, sensitivity test, total stability index, knee extension angle and knee torque were improved in the experimental group (P0.05). (2) integrative neuromuscular training can not only improve the lower extremity explosive force, dynamic balance and sensitivity of young women, but also improve the lower limb biomechanical mode when they jump. Increase the angle of knee flexion and extension when jumping to ground, reduce the torque of genu varus and genu valgus.
【作者單位】： 北京體育大學(xué);淮北師范大學(xué);
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金教育學(xué)青年課題(CLA140161)~~
【分類號(hào)】：R873

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