本文選題：肉雞　切入點：植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物　出處：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為比較研究滅活植物乳桿菌發(fā)酵培養(yǎng)物、植物乳桿菌活菌發(fā)酵培養(yǎng)物分別對正常飼養(yǎng)肉雞和E.coli O78攻毒肉雞的生長性能、血液生化指標(biāo)、免疫功能、腸道形態(tài)以及腸道菌群的影響,并為滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物微生態(tài)制劑的研制及其在家禽中的應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù),本試驗采用2(E.coli O78攻毒和未攻毒)×4(四種日糧處理)全因子試驗設(shè)計,橫向比較并探討滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物作為生長促進劑以及疾病治療劑的可能性。將240只AA肉雞隨機分為8個組,每組3個重復(fù),每組10只雞,在正常和E.coli O78攻毒條件下分別飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧(Ⅰ組、攻毒Ⅰ組)、1.6‰滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物日糧(Ⅱ組、攻毒Ⅱ組)、1.6‰植物乳桿菌活菌及其培養(yǎng)物日糧(Ⅲ組、攻毒Ⅲ組)、0.1‰抗生素日糧(Ⅳ組、攻毒Ⅳ組),試驗期42d,分為前期(1-21d)和后期(22-42d)。試驗結(jié)果如下:1、滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物在攻毒及未攻毒試驗中均不同程度地改善了雞的生產(chǎn)性能,顯著地提高了后期雞的日增重(P0.05),降低了雞的料肉比,且滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物對生長性能的改善效果同植物乳桿菌活菌發(fā)酵培養(yǎng)物相當(dāng),優(yōu)于抗生素。2、滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物能夠改善肉雞血液生化指標(biāo),修復(fù)攻毒肉雞的組織器官損傷,降低攻毒及未攻毒肉雞血清尿素氮水平,提高未攻毒肉雞血清谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(AST)、谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(ALT)活性,促進蛋白質(zhì)在體內(nèi)的代謝與吸收,從而提高肉雞的生長速度;與攻毒對照組相比,植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物可顯著提高肉雞血清白蛋白(ALB)含量(P0.05),AST和ALT的活性均有所降低。3、在免疫功能方面,滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物能夠提高肉雞的免疫功能,與Ⅰ組相比肉雞的胸腺指數(shù)、IgA顯著提高(P0.05),植物乳桿菌活菌組與Ⅰ組相比可以顯著提高IL-2的mRNA相對表達量(P0.05),兩組雖不同程度提高IL-2和IFN-γ的mRNA相對表達量,但與Ⅰ組相比差異不顯著(P0.05)。肉雞攻毒后,滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物與植物乳桿菌活菌培養(yǎng)物均顯著降低攻毒肉雞胸腺指數(shù)、血清IgA濃度以及回腸黏膜中IL-2和IFN-γ的mRNA相對表達量(P0.05)。添加因素和攻毒因素的互作效應(yīng)對胸腺指數(shù)和IgA濃度具有顯著影響(P0.05)。4、滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物與植物乳桿菌活菌均顯著提高肉雞和攻毒肉雞的十二指腸、空腸和回腸絨毛高度(P0.05)。滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物組DGGE指紋圖譜條帶數(shù)較多,為35條,高于Ⅰ組,表明菌的種類增加。攻毒使條帶數(shù)減少,攻毒Ⅰ組的條帶數(shù)僅有27條,攻毒Ⅱ組和攻毒Ⅳ組的條帶數(shù)明顯增加。Ⅱ組、Ⅲ組和Ⅳ組同Ⅰ組的相似系數(shù)分別為48.1%、66.3%、54.4%,攻毒Ⅱ組、攻毒Ⅲ組和攻毒Ⅳ組同攻毒Ⅰ組的相似系數(shù)分別為57.5%、59.2%、53.5%,Ⅱ組與Ⅰ組的相似系數(shù)較低,表明菌群種類差別較大。綜上,滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物在攻毒及未攻毒試驗中均不同程度地提高了雞的生產(chǎn)性能,改善部分血液生化指標(biāo),調(diào)節(jié)肉雞免疫功能,改變抗體的分泌和細胞因子的表達,反映出其一定的抗炎性,同時,植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物可以顯著提高肉雞小腸絨毛高度,對肉雞盲腸菌群多樣性具有一定的影響。整體上比較,滅活植物乳桿菌培養(yǎng)物和植物乳桿菌活菌培養(yǎng)物二者對肉雞飼喂效果相當(dāng),且均優(yōu)于抗生素。
[Abstract]:A comparative study of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation culture, live cultures respectively on the growth performance of Broilers and normal E.coli O78 of broilers infected with the bacteria fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum, blood biochemical index, immune function, intestinal microflora and morphology of intestinal tract, and inactivated plant lactobacillus cultures provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of micro ecological preparation and its application in poultry, this experiment adopts 2 (E.coli O78 attack and not challenged) * 4 (four dietary treatments) full factorial experimental design, and comparison of inactivated Lactobacillus cultures as a growth promoter and possibility of disease treatment agent 240. Only AA broilers were randomly divided into 8 groups, with 3 replications per group, 10 chickens in each group, and E.coli infection of O78 in normal conditions were fed basal diet (group I, group I challenged), 1.6 per thousand inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum culture diet (Group II, group II Attack) 1.. 6 per thousand live bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and culture diet (Group III, III challenged group), 0.1 per thousand antibioticdiet (IV group, infection group IV), test 42d, divided into early (1-21d) and late (22-42d). The results are as follows: 1. The inactivation of Lactobacillus plantarum the culture of inoculation, and no challenge test were in different degree to improve the production performance of chickens, and significantly improve the late chicken weight gain (P0.05), lower than chicken feed and meat, and inactivated Lactobacillus cultures on growth performance improvement with plant lactobacillus fermentation the culture is better than the antibiotic.2, inactivated Lactobacillus cultures can improve the blood biochemical index of broilers, tissue and organ damage repair of broilers infected with the virus attack, reduce and not challenged broiler serum urea nitrogen level, improve not challenged serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to promote the activity of the protein in vivo Metabolism and absorption, so as to improve the growth rate of broilers; compared with controlgroup, Lactobacillus cultures can significantly increase the serum albumin (ALB) content (P0.05), the activity of both AST and ALT decreased in.3, immune function, inactivated Lactobacillus cultures can improve the immune function of broilers compared with group I, broiler thymus index, IgA significantly increased (P0.05), plant lactobacillus group and compared group I can significantly improve the IL-2 relative expression of mRNA (P0.05), the two group were improved in different degrees of IL-2 and IFN- gamma mRNA expression, but compared with group I were not significant (P0.05). Broilers challenged, inactivated Lactobacillus cultures and plant lactobacillus cultures significantly decreased thymus index of broilers infected, the concentration of serum IgA and IL-2 and IFN- gamma ileal mucosa of mRNA relative expression (P0.05). Add factors and attack 姣掑洜绱犵殑浜掍綔鏁堝簲瀵硅兏鑵烘寚鏁板拰IgA嫻撳害鍏鋒湁鏄捐憲褰卞搷(P0.05).4,鐏椿妞嶇墿涔蟲潌鑿屽煿鍏葷墿涓庢鐗╀鉤鏉嗚弻媧昏弻鍧囨樉钁楁彁楂樿倝楦″拰鏀繪瘨鑲夐浮鐨勫崄浜屾寚鑲，

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