發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-04 15:26

  本文選題：衡南方言 + 聲調(diào)��； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文在系統(tǒng)描寫衡南方言面貌的基礎(chǔ)上,以實(shí)驗(yàn)語音學(xué)的研究方法為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)衡南方言中聲調(diào)的歸并進(jìn)行吻合度驗(yàn)證,對(duì)衡南方言陽去調(diào)是否存在嘎裂現(xiàn)象以及嘎裂的地位和作用進(jìn)行分析�；�于分域四度制法,我們對(duì)衡南方言單字調(diào)聲調(diào)系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了歸納并確定聲調(diào)格局,還對(duì)衡南方言雙字調(diào)的變調(diào)進(jìn)行研究分析,以期衡州小片的聲調(diào)系統(tǒng)可以得到完整的呈現(xiàn),并能進(jìn)行跨地域的方言聲調(diào)比較,加深對(duì)整個(gè)湘語乃至整個(gè)漢語語言的全面了解。本文共分為五個(gè)部分:第一章:緒論。主要介紹衡南的歷史地理、語言歸屬以及音系情況。同時(shí),以本文的研究內(nèi)容為向?qū)?梳理了漢語聲調(diào)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的階段性成果和目前的進(jìn)展;最后,介紹了本文的發(fā)音人、字表、研究方法和實(shí)驗(yàn)過程等。第二章:衡南方言單字調(diào)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。重點(diǎn)從音高、調(diào)域、時(shí)長三個(gè)角度研究衡南方言單字調(diào)聲學(xué)格局。本文通過Praat提取單字調(diào)基頻值,對(duì)發(fā)音人基頻均值進(jìn)行歸一,并通過基頻參數(shù)比照法和諧波差值法確定調(diào)域,根據(jù)朱曉農(nóng)分域四度法得出衡南方言單字調(diào)共有三域六個(gè)調(diào)類,呈現(xiàn)出“四升一平一凹”的聲調(diào)格局,聲調(diào)調(diào)值整體偏高且升調(diào)偏多,發(fā)聲態(tài)起到了很大的區(qū)別作用。從聲調(diào)時(shí)長來看,衡南方言的入聲基本上都已經(jīng)舒化,其時(shí)長大小并不具備區(qū)別性意義。最后,我們從湘方言聲調(diào)的整體格局判斷衡南方言聲調(diào)的發(fā)展趨為:陰去和陽去有同化的趨勢,入聲與陽平有同化的趨勢。第三章:衡南方言中的純低調(diào)。通過語圖以及實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,我們可以看出衡南方言中的陽去調(diào)在語音形態(tài)上既有弱僵聲,也有典型的嘎裂,屬于“純低調(diào)”變體的特征。我們認(rèn)為,衡南方言中的嘎裂聲是個(gè)可選特征,不是必備特征,但其凸顯陽去“低調(diào)”特征的區(qū)別性作用讓我們進(jìn)一步證實(shí)陽去處于低域。第四章:衡南方言雙字連讀實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。通過Praat提取衡南方言雙字組連讀音節(jié)的基頻值,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行歸一,得出衡南方言連讀規(guī)律。我們認(rèn)為,在衡南方言連讀音節(jié)中,陰平總保持高域調(diào)值,前字聲調(diào)的變體較少,后字聲調(diào)變體較多,且后音節(jié)受前音節(jié)聲調(diào)的影響較大。從衡南方言的調(diào)位性變體來看,陰去有兩個(gè)調(diào)位性變體:33、34;入聲有一個(gè)調(diào)位性變體:34。第五章:結(jié)語。詳細(xì)總結(jié)全文的研究結(jié)論,說明本文的研究成果和展望。
[Abstract]:On the basis of systematically describing the features of Hengnan dialect and based on the experimental phonetics research method, this paper verifies the consonance of tones in Hengnan dialect. This paper analyzes whether there is a crack phenomenon in Hengnan dialect and its status and function. Based on the method of four degrees of division, we sum up the characteristics of the tone system of Hengnan dialect and determine the tone pattern. We also study and analyze the change of the tone of two characters in Hengnan dialect. It is hoped that the tone system of Heng Zhou small piece can be presented completely, and the dialect tone can be compared across regions, and the overall understanding of the whole Hunan language and even the whole Chinese language can be deepened. This paper is divided into five parts: chapter one: introduction. This paper mainly introduces Hengnan's historical geography, language attribution and phonology. At the same time, taking the research content as the guide, this paper combs the stage achievement and the present progress of the Chinese tone experimental research, and finally, introduces the pronunciation person, the word table, the research method and the experiment process. Chapter two: the experimental study on the tone of Hengnan dialect. This paper focuses on the acoustic pattern of Hengnan dialect from three angles of pitch, domain and duration. In this paper, we extract the fundamental frequency value of single word by Praat, normalize the fundamental frequency mean of pronunciation person, and determine the modulation domain by comparing the fundamental frequency parameter and the harmonic difference value method. According to Zhu Xiaonong's four degree method of domain, we can conclude that there are three domains and six tones in Hengnan dialect. There is a tone pattern of "four liters, one flat, one concave", the overall tone tone value is on the high side and the rising tone is on the high side, and the vocal state plays a very different role. From the perspective of tone length, Hengnan dialect has basically been relaxed, its length does not have the significance of distinction. Finally, we judge from the overall pattern of the tone of Hunan dialect that the tone development of Hengnan dialect tends to be: the trend of assimilation between Yin and Yang, and the trend of assimilation between entering and Yangping. Chapter three: pure low-key in Hengnan dialect. Through the analysis of the language picture and the experiment, we can see that the Yang demodulation in Hengnan dialect has not only weak stiff sound, but also typical crack, which belongs to the characteristics of "pure low-key" variant. We think that the creaking sound in Hengnan dialect is an optional feature, not a necessary feature, but it highlights the distinct role of the "low-key" feature of Yang to go, which makes us further confirm that Yang-go is in the low region. The fourth chapter: Hengnan dialect double-character continuous reading experimental study. The basic frequency of the continuous syllable in Hengnan dialect is extracted by Praat, and the rule of continuous reading is obtained. We think that in Hengnan dialect, Yin and Ping always keep high tone value, the former tone is less, and the latter one is more variant, and the latter syllable is influenced by the front syllable. From the perspective of the phonetic variants of Hengnan dialect, there are two kinds of phonetic variants: 3 / 33 / 34 and 1: 34 / 34, respectively. Chapter five: conclusion. The conclusion of this paper is summarized in detail, and the research results and prospects of this paper are explained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H17

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