發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-01 15:02

  本文選題：連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) + 事件結(jié)構(gòu)　； 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文對連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了界定和分類,證實(shí)了連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞順序應(yīng)遵循時(shí)間順序原則,研究了多種語言中連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的詞匯體特征規(guī)律,并跨語言分析了連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中顯性體標(biāo)記的數(shù)量、位置和轄域,尤其對現(xiàn)代漢語進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)描述。研究方法上,本文在事件結(jié)構(gòu)框架下界定了連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),并根據(jù)其次事件之間的理論時(shí)間關(guān)系將連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)分為三類,以53種語言中的連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)語料為例,用類型學(xué)和對比語言學(xué)的視角,從詞匯體特征、顯性時(shí)體標(biāo)記兩個(gè)方面系統(tǒng)探討了連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)體特征。在詞匯體特征方面,本文以“完整/非完整”、“持續(xù)/非持續(xù)”、“靜態(tài)/動(dòng)態(tài)”三組詞匯體特征為依據(jù),分別討論了不同連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)類型中兩詞組的合法詞匯體特征組合。在共時(shí)連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中,VP1的詞匯體特征只能為(-,+,+)或(-,+,-);在絕對序時(shí)連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中,合法的VP1詞匯體特征為(+,+,-)或(+,-,-);而VP2則不受限。對于交叉序時(shí)連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),目前只發(fā)現(xiàn)一種詞匯體特征組合,即VP1(-,+,-),VP2(+,-,-)。連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的所有謂詞通常共享同樣的時(shí)制,但尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)普遍的顯性時(shí)體標(biāo)記規(guī)律。連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)有四種時(shí)體標(biāo)記類型:單標(biāo)、共標(biāo)、選擇性共標(biāo)和分開標(biāo)記,體標(biāo)記因各語言而異,不一定管轄所有謂詞。其中,現(xiàn)代漢語是一種典型的分開標(biāo)記語言。它對體標(biāo)記的選擇及體標(biāo)記的轄域主要受三個(gè)因素控制:連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的類型、謂詞的詞匯體特征和體標(biāo)記本身的特性。此外,在一些語言中,連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的謂詞之一已經(jīng)或正在語法化為顯性體標(biāo)記。本文得出的類型學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅為連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的跨語言研究提供了普遍的借鑒意義,還為現(xiàn)代漢語的連動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)研究提供了更廣闊的視角,對未來更深入的研究具有啟發(fā)意義。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the author defines and classifies the connective structure, and proves that the verb order should follow the principle of time order, and studies the lexical aspect characteristics of the conjunctive verb structure in many languages. Furthermore, the number, position and scope of dominant body markers in connective structures are analyzed, especially in modern Chinese. In terms of research methods, this paper defines the contiguous structure under the framework of event structure, and divides it into three categories according to the theoretical temporal relationship between the secondary events, taking the contiguous structure corpus of 53 languages as an example. From the perspective of typology and contrastive linguistics, this paper systematically discusses the tense and aspect characteristics of conjunctive structures from the aspects of lexical aspect characteristics and dominant tense markers. In terms of lexical aspect, this paper, based on the three groups of "complete / non-intact", "persistence / non-persistence" and "static / dynamic", respectively, discusses the legal lexical aspect feature combinations of the two phrases in different contiguous structure types. In the synchronic conjunctive structure, the lexical aspect characteristics of VP1 can only be (-,) or (-), and in the absolute chronological contiguous structure, the lawful VP1 lexical body features are (-) or (-), while the VP2 is not limited. At present, there is only one type of lexical feature combination, VP1-, VP2-, which is only found in the cross-sequence conjunctive structure. All predicates in conjunctive structures usually share the same tense system, but no universal dominant temporal markers have been found. There are four types of chronotypic markers in conjunctive structures: single label, co-label, selective co-label and separated marker. The volume marker varies from language to language and does not necessarily govern all predicates. Among them, modern Chinese is a typical separated markup language. The choice of volume markers and the scope of volume markers are mainly controlled by three factors: the type of conjunctive structure, the lexical aspect characteristics of predicates and the characteristics of volume markers themselves. In addition, in some languages, one of the predicates of conjunctive structures has been or is being grammatically transformed into explicit aspect markers. The typology findings in this paper not only provide a general reference for the cross-language study of connective structures, but also provide a broader perspective for the study of connective structures in modern Chinese, which is instructive to further study in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H043

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