《天邊外》的生態(tài)女性主義解讀
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-03 15:34
【摘要】：尤金·奧尼爾是美國歷史上偉大的劇作家。他被譽(yù)為“美國現(xiàn)代戲劇之父”和“美國的莎士比亞”，是美國歷史上唯一獲得諾貝爾文學(xué)獎和四次獲得普利策獎的劇作家。 奧尼爾的早期成名作《天邊外》自1920年上演以來在美國引起了強(qiáng)烈反響，使奧尼爾第一次獲得了普利策獎。作為20世紀(jì)美國最著名的劇作家，奧尼爾在《天邊外》中深刻地表達(dá)了他對自然和女性命運(yùn)的關(guān)注。女性和自然是生態(tài)女性主義所關(guān)注的主題。論文從生態(tài)女性主義視角出發(fā)，研究了劇本中女性和自然在男權(quán)社會中所遭受的壓迫以及女性對男性的依附狀況，以及由此造成的人與人關(guān)系的惡化和人與土地關(guān)系的異化等可怕后果。劇作家以此傳達(dá)了他向往和諧美好的兩性關(guān)系和人與自然和諧相處的美好愿望。 全文包含引言、正文和結(jié)論三大部分。引言部分主要介紹了奧尼爾的生平創(chuàng)作，國內(nèi)外關(guān)于劇本《天邊外》的研究現(xiàn)狀，以及該論文的獨創(chuàng)性和研究意義。 正文部分共分為四章：第一章是本論文研究的理論基礎(chǔ)。本章概述了生態(tài)女性主義的發(fā)展，介紹了不同流派以及生態(tài)女性主義的主要思想。 第二章研究了在男權(quán)社會統(tǒng)治下的女性代表凱特和露絲，以及自然的化身農(nóng)場。女性和土地（農(nóng)場）都是男權(quán)社會的受害者。凱特就像大地母親一樣對男性既有依附性和包容性，同時又受到了男性的壓迫；露絲雖然試圖挑戰(zhàn)男性的權(quán)威卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己依然成為了男性的附庸品和犧牲品，最終失去了自己的獨立人格。農(nóng)場也在不善農(nóng)藝的羅伯特的經(jīng)營下日漸凋敝，到了破產(chǎn)的邊緣。 第三章將視角轉(zhuǎn)向家中的兩個男性——安德魯和羅伯特，他們是男權(quán)中心主義社會的代表，他們是女性和土地的壓迫者，與后兩者之間的關(guān)系是疏離的。安德魯作為一個地道的莊稼漢，卻離開了農(nóng)場和舅舅去航海，受到時代風(fēng)潮的影響和貪婪的驅(qū)使投機(jī)做小麥生意。而羅伯特一直對天邊外抱有不切實際的幻想，無心照顧家庭和農(nóng)場。 第四章闡述了三個主人公的悲慘命運(yùn)。露絲從一個充滿幻想、勇于追求愛情的青春少女，，最后淪落為心灰意冷的怨婦，不再對生活抱有任何希望；安德魯背叛了土地，投機(jī)做小麥生意卻輸?shù)难緹o歸；羅伯特不諳農(nóng)活，使家庭走向衰敗，失去了露絲的愛情，自己也帶著未竟的夢想離開了這個世界。 最后一部分是論文的結(jié)論。該部分在總結(jié)全文的基礎(chǔ)上指出，劇中的悲劇歸根結(jié)底都是男性中心主義思想觀念造成的。女性和土地不應(yīng)被視作男性的附庸，任憑男性的處置。否則，類似的悲劇仍會上演。
[Abstract]:Eugene O'Neill is a great playwright in American history. He is known as "the Father of Modern American Drama" and "Shakespeare of the United States". He is the only playwright in American history who has won the Nobel Prize for Literature and the Pulitzer Prize four times. O'Neill 's early masterpiece, beyond the Sky, has had a strong response in the United States since it was launched in 1920, winning O'Neill the Pulitzer Prize for the first time. As the most famous American playwright in the 20th century, O'Neill deeply expressed his concern for nature and the fate of women in beyond the sky. Women and nature are the themes of ecological feminism. From the perspective of ecological feminism, this paper studies the oppression of women and nature in the patriarchal society and the dependence of women on men. And the resulting deterioration of the relationship between people and the alienation of the relationship between people and land and other terrible consequences. In this way, the playwright conveys his desire for harmonious and beautiful gender relations and harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The full text includes three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces O'Neill 's life creation, the research status of script beyond the sky at home and abroad, and the originality and significance of this paper. The main body is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is the theoretical basis of this paper. This chapter summarizes the development of ecological feminism, introduces different schools and the main ideas of ecological feminism. The second chapter studies the female representatives Kate and Ruth under patriarchal society, as well as the natural incarnation farm. Both women and land (farms) are victims of patriarchal society. Kate, like Mother Earth, is dependent and inclusive on men, and is oppressed by men at the same time. Although Ruth tried to challenge the authority of men, she found that she was still a vassal and victim of men, and eventually lost her independent personality. The farm was also declining under the management of Robert, who was not good at agriculture, and reached the brink of bankruptcy. The third chapter turns the perspective to the two men in the family-Andrew and Robert, who are the representatives of patriarchal society, they are the oppressors of women and land, and the relationship between the latter and the latter is estranged. Andrew, as a real farmer, left the farm and his uncle to sail, driven by the tide of the times and greed to speculate in the wheat business. Robert, on the other hand, had unrealistic fantasies about the outside world and had no intention of taking care of his family and farm. The fourth chapter expounds the tragic fate of the three protagonists. Ruth, from a young girl full of fantasies and the courage to pursue love, finally became a disheartened resentful woman and no longer had any hope for life. Andrew betrayed the land and speculated on the wheat business but lost nothing. Robert did not know agricultural work, led to the decline of the family, lost Ruth's love, and left the world with unfinished dreams. The last part is the conclusion of the paper. On the basis of summing up the full text, this part points out that the tragedy in the play is caused by the idea of masculine centralism in the final analysis. Women and land should not be regarded as appendages of men and allowed to be disposed of by men. Otherwise, similar tragedies will still occur.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I712.073
本文編號：2492033
[Abstract]:Eugene O'Neill is a great playwright in American history. He is known as "the Father of Modern American Drama" and "Shakespeare of the United States". He is the only playwright in American history who has won the Nobel Prize for Literature and the Pulitzer Prize four times. O'Neill 's early masterpiece, beyond the Sky, has had a strong response in the United States since it was launched in 1920, winning O'Neill the Pulitzer Prize for the first time. As the most famous American playwright in the 20th century, O'Neill deeply expressed his concern for nature and the fate of women in beyond the sky. Women and nature are the themes of ecological feminism. From the perspective of ecological feminism, this paper studies the oppression of women and nature in the patriarchal society and the dependence of women on men. And the resulting deterioration of the relationship between people and the alienation of the relationship between people and land and other terrible consequences. In this way, the playwright conveys his desire for harmonious and beautiful gender relations and harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The full text includes three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces O'Neill 's life creation, the research status of script beyond the sky at home and abroad, and the originality and significance of this paper. The main body is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is the theoretical basis of this paper. This chapter summarizes the development of ecological feminism, introduces different schools and the main ideas of ecological feminism. The second chapter studies the female representatives Kate and Ruth under patriarchal society, as well as the natural incarnation farm. Both women and land (farms) are victims of patriarchal society. Kate, like Mother Earth, is dependent and inclusive on men, and is oppressed by men at the same time. Although Ruth tried to challenge the authority of men, she found that she was still a vassal and victim of men, and eventually lost her independent personality. The farm was also declining under the management of Robert, who was not good at agriculture, and reached the brink of bankruptcy. The third chapter turns the perspective to the two men in the family-Andrew and Robert, who are the representatives of patriarchal society, they are the oppressors of women and land, and the relationship between the latter and the latter is estranged. Andrew, as a real farmer, left the farm and his uncle to sail, driven by the tide of the times and greed to speculate in the wheat business. Robert, on the other hand, had unrealistic fantasies about the outside world and had no intention of taking care of his family and farm. The fourth chapter expounds the tragic fate of the three protagonists. Ruth, from a young girl full of fantasies and the courage to pursue love, finally became a disheartened resentful woman and no longer had any hope for life. Andrew betrayed the land and speculated on the wheat business but lost nothing. Robert did not know agricultural work, led to the decline of the family, lost Ruth's love, and left the world with unfinished dreams. The last part is the conclusion of the paper. On the basis of summing up the full text, this part points out that the tragedy in the play is caused by the idea of masculine centralism in the final analysis. Women and land should not be regarded as appendages of men and allowed to be disposed of by men. Otherwise, similar tragedies will still occur.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I712.073
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
1 孫立盎;;沉淪與救贖——《天邊外》與《遲開的玫瑰》中女主人公形象之比較[J];當(dāng)代戲劇;2012年03期
2 肖巍;生態(tài)女性主義及其倫理文化[J];婦女研究論叢;2000年04期
3 劉永杰;;《天邊外》的女性主義解讀[J];婦女研究論叢;2006年06期
4 孫太;詩情畫意《天邊外》——奧尼爾戲劇中的詩意[J];山東師大外國語學(xué)院學(xué)報;2001年01期
本文編號：2492033
本文鏈接：http://www.lk138.cn/wenyilunwen/wxchuangz/2492033.html
