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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：論孔子的美學(xué)思想，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

論孔子的美學(xué)思想

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　　論文標(biāo)題論孔子的美學(xué)思想
Commenting on the Aesthetics of Confucius
論文作者王曉燕
論文導(dǎo)師徐儀明,論文學(xué)位碩士,論文專業(yè)中國哲學(xué)
論文單位河南大學(xué),點(diǎn)擊次數(shù)0,論文頁數(shù)33頁File Size1098k
2002-05-01孔子;美學(xué);中庸
ideal enlightenment;political revolution;role transformation
孔子是中國最有影響的思想家之一，也是千古推崇的教育家。他在美學(xué)上的最大的貢獻(xiàn)就在于他的“美育”，不論從詩教、樂教或藝術(shù)教育來看，孔子都是中國最早具有原創(chuàng)性的美學(xué)家。孔子的美學(xué)與其“仁學(xué)”息息相關(guān)，其美學(xué)重點(diǎn)不是在培養(yǎng)專業(yè)藝術(shù)家，而在通過美育，培養(yǎng)健全的精神人格。 全文共分八部分： 第一部分：引論。簡單介紹了孔子以前有關(guān)美學(xué)的思想，雖然非常樸素和缺乏系統(tǒng)，但就其思想的實(shí)質(zhì)來看，已觸及了有關(guān)美的本質(zhì)的一些重要問題，具有某種哲學(xué)的含義，為孔子美學(xué)的產(chǎn)生做了重要準(zhǔn)備。 第二部分：孔子論美�？鬃铀�謂的“美”，就是符合“仁”、“善”和“真”，這三項都是判斷美的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)�？鬃与m然不像西方哲學(xué)家直接地給“美”下定義，卻深刻體現(xiàn)了孔子對美的看法。 第三部分：美感經(jīng)驗(yàn)的形成。筆者通過對孔子美學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)，認(rèn)為這一章應(yīng)包含三部分：第一，主體和客體的統(tǒng)一，即審美主體首先應(yīng)有理解力，加上被欣賞客體的特性，才能產(chǎn)生美感經(jīng)驗(yàn)。第二，主觀的生命情調(diào)先需有充分的人文素養(yǎng)，然后才能深刻體悟意境之美。第三，因?yàn)橹黧w性向的不同，才會有不同的選擇，從而產(chǎn)塵不同的美感經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 第四部分：審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)�？鬃拥膶徝罉�(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括“文”和“質(zhì)”的統(tǒng)一、“美”和“善”的統(tǒng)一以及“中和之道”，這種審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)深刻影響了中國文化。 第五部分：孔子論藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的原動力�？鬃犹岢鲈娍梢浴芭d”、“觀”、“群”和“怨”，作為藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的原動力，言簡意賅，立意周到嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，在世界文化中占有重要的地位。 第六部分：孔子論藝術(shù)的社會功能�？鬃影衙缹W(xué)作為一種社會教育，即美育。通過美育，不但能提升個人的精神人格，而且會不斷地轉(zhuǎn)化社會風(fēng)氣，從而匡正人心，輔理治國。 第七部分：孔子美學(xué)與古希臘柏拉圖、亞翠士多德美學(xué)的比較。三者的美學(xué)思想有許多相同之處，，如都強(qiáng)調(diào)“中和”之美。但也有許多相異之處，主要原因在于中國哲學(xué)與西方哲學(xué)風(fēng)格的不同。 第八部分：對以孔子為代表的傳統(tǒng)美學(xué)當(dāng)代意義的思考。當(dāng)代人類面臨生存困境，藝術(shù)的困境以及人的價值的危機(jī)，充滿東方智慧的儒家傳統(tǒng)美學(xué)，對于其擺脫這種困境與危機(jī)提供了上貴的啟示。
Confucius is one of the most effective thinkers and educators. The most tribute what he made is his "Education of Aesthetics". Confucius is the first original aesthetician through poem education, music education and art education. The Aesthetics of Confucius and his "Humanity" coincided, so the important part of his aesthetics is not to train professional artist, but to train moral character through Education of Aesthetics.This paper consists of eight parts:The first part: Introduction. In this part, some ideas of aesthetics before Confucius is simply introduced. It is very plain and non-systemic, but seen from its nature it has touched some important problems about aesthetic nature, and it is some of philosophy, thus make a preparation for the formation of aesthetics of Confucius.The second part: Confucius discussed aesthetics. The aesthetics discussed by Confucius must be in line with the ideas of "humanity", "kind" and "true", which is the standards for criticizing aesthetics. Not like the west philosophers, Confucius didn"t directly give a definition to "aesthetics", but his view of aesthetics is deeply reflected.The third part: the formation of the experience of aesthetic feeling. The author thinks that this counter should consist of three parts after studying the aesthetics of Confucius: first, the unity of subject and object. That is to say, it is necessary for producing the experience of aesthetic feeling that the aesthetic subject must have comprehension first, and add to the special property of aesthetic object. Second, subjective emotional appeal cannot deeply realize the beauty of artistic conception before it has a sufficient humane attainment. Third, that the subject has different choices because ofits different inclination produces different experience of aesthetic feeling.The forth part: the aesthetic standards. The aesthetic standards of Confucius include the unity of "content" and "form", "elegant" and "kind" and "the way of neutralization", which affect the culture of China deeply.The fifth part: the discussion about the original motive power of the art creation of Confucius. Confucius raised that poem can "rise", "observe", "crowd" and "complain", which were treated as the original motive power of the art creation. The ideas of Confucius are fairly brief provoking and considerable, which plays a very important role in the world culture.The sixth part: the discussion about artistic social function of Confucius. Confucius regarded aesthetics as a social education, namely aesthetic education. It can not only promote the mortal character of individual, but also help to change the social atmosphere, thus save the people"s spirit and assist to run a country.The seventh part: the aesthetic comparison of Confucius and Plato , Aristotle of the old Greeks. Their aesthetic ideas are identical in many ways. for example, they all emphasized the "beauty of Neutralization", but there are some different ways between them because of the different style of the Chinese philosophy and the west philosophy.The eighth part: ruminating the devotion of Aesthetics of Confucius to our modern society. The present human is facing the predicaments of existence, artistic predicaments and the crises of value, but the traditional aesthetics of the Confucianists filled with the east witness provides precious enlightenment for breaking away from predicaments and crises.

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：論孔子的美學(xué)思想，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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