發(fā)布時間：2018-05-18 05:44

  本文選題：土工格室 + 生態(tài)護坡�。� 參考：《南昌工程學院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著世界科學技術的進步與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,全球的環(huán)境問題將變得越來越嚴峻。近些年來,我國用于高速公路、河道、鐵路以及山區(qū)高等級公路的工程項目如雨后春筍般大量涌現(xiàn),這促使人工邊坡工程大量的出現(xiàn)。然而,這些邊坡大多數(shù)都存在水土流失、沖刷侵蝕以及淺層的局部滑坡等情況。如果對這些邊坡不加以處理的話,輕者會造成生態(tài)環(huán)境的失衡,嚴重的時候,甚至可能會造成泥石流以及山體滑坡,這無疑將會對人民的財產(chǎn)甚至是生命帶來巨大的傷害。邊坡生態(tài)系統(tǒng)一旦遭到破壞,其在三、五年內(nèi)甚至可能是更長的時間內(nèi)都不能復原。因此,怎么樣能夠快速地恢復邊坡的生態(tài)環(huán)境以及達到坡面植被保護的目的,這是目前迫切需要研究并解決的難題。河道傳統(tǒng)護坡型式如:干砌石護坡、漿砌石護坡以及噴混凝土護坡等。這些傳統(tǒng)護坡型式雖然護坡性較好,但是其會對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成破壞,使生態(tài)失去平衡。傳統(tǒng)護坡型式甚至會使河流及兩岸自我調(diào)節(jié)以及凈化的能力大大削弱。由此,一種新型的護坡型式應運而生一一生態(tài)護坡。生態(tài)護坡主要是由工程措施和植被保護相結(jié)合的一種護坡型式。它可以有效地提高岸坡景觀,創(chuàng)造一個綠色的生態(tài)環(huán)境,以達到護坡與綠化完美的結(jié)合。土工格室植草護坡作為生態(tài)護坡技術的一種,近幾年來,發(fā)展十分的迅速。土工格室植草護坡不只是能夠減緩水土流失,而且能夠改善生態(tài)環(huán)境,其固土性能優(yōu)良、消能作用明顯。探其緣由是因為土工格室護坡是一種與植被相結(jié)合的新型護坡型式。土工格室護坡不但能夠減少雨水濺蝕以及坡面徑流與河道水流的沖刷,植物的根系還具有排水的作用、加筋以及錨固土體的功效;從其他角度來看,土工格室護坡還可以綠化邊坡,有助于修復邊坡的生態(tài)環(huán)境。土工格室護坡目前在鐵路、公路等建設項目中得到了越來越普遍的應用。土工格室生態(tài)護坡應用于小河流當中不但能夠美化環(huán)境,降低污染,并降低工程造價,同時也可以有效的起到加固河岸的作用。本文通過人工模擬降雨試驗以及現(xiàn)場護岸河流沖刷試驗來分析土工格室的性能。并對土工格室護岸保土抗沖刷性能進行研究分析得到以下結(jié)論:依據(jù)在工程中常用的三種坡比進行人工降雨模擬實驗,得到在50mm/h雨強下土工格室護岸的臨界坡比介于1:1.5到1:2.5之間的結(jié)論。土工格室護坡具有較好的保土抗沖刷性,在施工條件一定的情況下,土工格室框格越小其保土性能越好。土工格室護岸隨著其坡面位置下降,其受河流沖刷的可能性越大;其受河流沖刷的頻率越大、時間越長,其土體越容易損失。其土工格室護岸植被形成后,植被覆蓋度越好,其保土抗沖刷性越好。研究成果被應用于黎川示范區(qū)小河流護坡中。通過實際工程中的應用,觀察土工格室護岸的實際情況,并結(jié)合理論與試驗得出結(jié)論:土工格室生態(tài)護岸能夠應用用小河流當中。
[Abstract]:With the progress of science and technology and economic development in the world, the global environmental problems will become more and more serious. In recent years, a large number of projects used in highway, river, railway and high grade highway in mountainous areas have sprung up in our country, which promote the emergence of artificial slope engineering. However, soil erosion, erosion and local landslides occur in most of these slopes. If these slopes are not treated, the lighter will cause the imbalance of the ecological environment. In serious cases, it may even cause mudslides and landslides, which will undoubtedly bring great harm to people's property and even to their lives. Once damaged, slope ecosystems cannot be restored for three, five years or possibly longer. Therefore, how to quickly restore the ecological environment of the slope and achieve the purpose of vegetation protection on the slope is an urgent problem to be studied and solved. Traditional river slope protection types such as dry stone slope protection, masonry slope protection and shotcrete slope protection and so on. Although these traditional slope protection types have good slope protection, they will destroy the ecological environment and make the ecology out of balance. Traditional slope protection may even weaken the ability of rivers and banks to self-regulate and purify. As a result, a new type of slope protection came into being-ecological slope protection. Ecological slope protection is a kind of slope protection combined with engineering measures and vegetation protection. It can effectively improve the slope landscape, create a green ecological environment, in order to achieve a perfect combination of slope protection and greening. As a kind of ecological slope protection technology, the development of geotechnical compartment slope protection is very rapid in recent years. The slope protection not only can reduce soil erosion, but also can improve the ecological environment. The soil consolidation performance is good and the energy dissipation is obvious. The reason is that geoglass slope protection is a new type of slope protection combined with vegetation. GeoCell slope protection can not only reduce Rain Water splashing and erosion of slope runoff and river flow, but also has the function of drainage, reinforcement and anchoring of soil; from other angles, the plant root system also has the function of draining, reinforcing and anchoring soil. Geotechnical compartment slope protection can also greening the slope, which is helpful to repair the ecological environment of the slope. Geotechnical compartment slope protection is more and more widely used in railway, highway and other construction projects. The application of geogrid ecological slope protection in small rivers can not only beautify the environment, reduce pollution, and reduce the project cost, but also play an effective role in strengthening the river banks. In this paper, the performance of geogrid chamber is analyzed by artificial rainfall simulation test and river scour test. The following conclusions are obtained: according to the three kinds of slope ratios commonly used in engineering, artificial rainfall simulation experiments are carried out. It is concluded that the critical slope ratio of geotechnical compartment revetment under 50mm/h rain intensity is between 1: 1.5 and 1: 2.5. The slope protection of geogroups has better soil protection and erosion resistance. Under certain construction conditions, the smaller the space frame is, the better the soil conservation performance is. With the decrease of the slope position of the geotechnical compartment, the more likely it is to be scoured by the river, and the more the frequency and time of the river scour, the more easily the soil can be lost. After the formation of revetment vegetation, the better the vegetation coverage, the better the soil erosion resistance. The research results are applied to slope protection of small rivers in Lichuan demonstration area. Through the application of practical engineering, the actual situation of geotechnical compartment bank protection is observed, and combined with theory and experiment, it is concluded that geoglass ecological bank revetment can be used in small rivers.
【學位授予單位】：南昌工程學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TV861

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