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hZ(f)~MϵJ(rn)֪о

l(f)rg2014-09-27 11:44
(ni)ժҪ hZ(f)~“”M“Ҏ(gu)”M϶Ե˼ S(chung)µwF(xin)(jng)v^“”MϵĝhZ(f)~yԜ(zhn)_յ~x x֪ھx(gu)^ԓоJ(rn)֪ҕŒ(jng)v^“ ”MϵĝhZ(f)~ھx(gu)^M(jn)Ԕ(x)l(f)F(xin)(gu)~ɷ gJ(rn)֪ϵP(gun)“(lin)

P(gun)I~hZ(f)~“”MJ(rn)֪ZԌW(xu) 
 
һ (f)~Ժζx錢ɂɂϵ~M(jn)кϳɵõ~͆μ~
һ(f)~Ǿܪ(d)ʹá־xСλ[1]Ҏ(gu) J(rn)飬ʽϺ˵ď(f)~~xֻǸ(gu)~ɷxįBӡ(f)~ ~xDz͸҂֪“”“”˼һ֪“ʿ” ˼“ʿ”һwxȫ䘋(gu)~ɷƌ(do)[2]271  
(jng)v^“”MϵĝhZ(f)~yԜ(zhn)_յ~x x֪ھx(gu)^(f)~“ĸ”x(gu)^̣ʿ+ 磨ӣ=ĸ[3]@NM^“Ҏ(gu)”^(sh)˶ܜ(zhn)_ٿ (f)~“”Ҋr֪xP^һ(sh)(yn)SC(j)x 100 ԃǷ֪“”˼11%˱ʾ֪“” ˼ͨ^Լԓ~⣬ھW(wng)Ͽ^ ἰ^ԓ ~x89%˱ʾԓ~]ͨ^Լԓ~Ҫ֪ ڹPxȡ 100 67 ˞TʿоҲȡ˱ƌW(xu)v ҵ֪RY(ji)(gu)ܴچ}ʹPԞԓ~Ǫ(d)صx(gu) ʽɞ˱ԓ~ϵK҂P(gun)“+N~”Ľ(jng)ģһ
“”ҕ_ˣ“”Lɳͯ{֣a(chn)ӮƬ@Щ~е“”܎҂“”?yn)?ldquo;”x(gu)ʽc׷NȻͬ“”~O “ƫ”һ֪Rc(din)挦҂𨝍һ_Ǻڰo ~ٌ“”@NͶ“”@r㲻y “”ָǷNoѺڰo˼˵̓ “”IJ⣬f҂֪Rwϵֻf҂ @Щ(jng)v^“”Mϵď(f)~Խ҂̶˼Sʽ “ĸ”ǷN^μx(gu)ʽ“”Č(sh)ڏ(f)sĶࡣʹP hZ(f)~“”x(gu)оOҪоĿIJǫ@ȡ~ xǞ˽~ߵ֪RY(ji)(gu)˼SĂ(c)c(din)
ٿ“Ƽt”һ~(gu)~ɷ“”“t”P(gun)ϵ󣬵м(x) ^yl(f)F(xin)“ƣtƵɫ”λλ“ttɫ”λڻ ߴijNJ(rn)֪ϵP(gun)“(lin)ͬc“”Mϵĸ(gu)~ɷg ҲȻJ(rn)֪ϵP(gun)“(lin)“ֱC(j)ĸ”
(ni)W(xu)߶oZýǶо“”F(xin)[4]-[9]rЌW(xu)ߏJ(rn)֪Ľ M(jn)P(gun)оPߔMǰtA(ch)̽(gu)~ɷgJ(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin)L ԇչF(xin)hZ(f)~“”x(gu)ĄӑB(ti)^̡
(gu)~ɷgJ(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin)
Pռˏ 2011 “”(f)~ 100 оZ ͨ^ƫ@õ~򿼑]ռZϻ(sh)Сԓ~гɆT(sh)@ һF(xin)䌦(sh)(j)KĽY(ji)Փ^Ӱ푣ʹPֻÿ~кYx 4 M(jn)뱾ZώPߌԓZώ찴““(lin)ʽ”“ƫʽ”“^ʽ” “eʽ”“a(b)ʽ”M(jn)˷ʾ “(lin)ʽ߸׸ʈAF ƫʽͯp⸻ӱPbоɮƬĭt̓Կ \߿ķˌӲYa(chn)ܛYa(chn)[֬Bʽ ĸš̋(sh)xߡ۽zӰǰM(fi)I(lng)x|۽(jng)(j)

ҕHо|(zh)ᓸˮͧĸֱC(j)ĸ
(ji)θ錢˯񄡢šԪ\罻 ĸˡI(y)äcθʬI(y)ķ҄(w)ѻ P[˽S_ʬTӾ硢θαš ԷäΡūƯošԇжyɵ {(ln)I(lng)ͯԒܛӲԡHĭӳӡNNo ľľy(x)pHwäu߸鄡 ܉
^ʽ^ͨÛ[˽㱼Ƽ^(q)d eʽˮקӵˮW(wng)ُu¡Թ a(b)ʽԚ

  “(lin)ʽ ƫʽ a(b)ʽ
(sh) 4 79 5 8 4
ٷֱ 4% 79% 5% 8% 4%
1    P(gun)ϵ(sh)ٷֱȽy(tng)Ӌ(j)

ͨ^xȡĔ(sh)(j)yl(f)F(xin)79%ƫʽ@J(rn)֪Ҏ(gu) ^J(rn)RǻڬF(xin)֪RY(ji)(gu)A(ch)֮ϵģ¸Ľx_ еZԽ(jng)(yn)(x)T~RM(jn)дηoF(xin)~Z M(jn)ٷĶ_(d)U(ku)չ~xЧ
һ“(lin)ʽN(f)~(gu)~ɷgJ(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin) ȿ“”“ݫF”“߸”“(lin)ʽ(f)~(gu)~ɷg^(qing)
J(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin)“߸”е“”“”“”λͬһ~ ˵J(rn)֪λͬһ档
^ʽ̈́eʽ(f)~(gu)~ɷg^(qing)J(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin)һˌ eʽ(f)~“ˮ”е“”J(rn)֪njijN|(zh)“”ijN“”֮ @^̱Ͱ˶ۿ“ˮ”Ԫر“”IJۿ֮ͬ ^ʽ(f)~“[˽㱼”һˌ“㱼”J(rn)֪ij˳ wM(jn)܄̎“ij”һoA(y)IJۿף“[˽”ڽ(jng)[ ˵ݲԓۿK(gu)“[˽㱼”һ~

ڄa(b)ʽ(f)~“”У“ߣߣ”“”ʩķʟo
“”@һNf“”“”a(chn)һԓĿ(bio)w “”֮ڄa(b)͏(f)~~a(chn)һa(b)Zt޶ ԓ·
ƫʽ(f)~“ĸ”“ʿ”“磨ӣ”϶@ɂ ֮gǛ]κP(gun)“(lin)ԇ]P(gun)“(lin)ôΛ]“Ĺ” “i”~(x)֮yl(f)F(xin)“ʿ”“磨ӣ”֮gij NJ(rn)֪ϵP(gun)“(lin)w(yn)F(xin)˶@ӵĽ(jng)(yn)_ʿĽ^(sh) ȻͬʿڬF(xin)˵J(rn)֪бO(qing)“(lin)ϵJ(rn)飬“ ”“ĸ”Ʈa(chn)“ĸ”һ~Įa(chn)“Ľ”@ҲC (gu)~ɷgǴijNJ(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin)ҶߵJ(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin)Խ(qing)ԽAڌ M(jn)@Ǟʲô˂_ʼϳ“ĸ”“Ľ” ?yn)ڬF(xin)˵ij܇(jng)(yn)˾C(j)ҪŮ˾C(j)öһJ(rn)˾C(j)c ܇J(rn)֪P(gun)“(lin)(qing)˂AڌM(jn)ϡм(x)^l(f)F(xin)Λ] “”@һN_(d)PԞһ˵J(rn)֪иA˻Č ԁԓ˻˵J(rn)֪ӌʿи(qing)ՙ(qun)“ģ_ ʿ”һ㱻“磨ӣ”һ“ĸ”һf෴“
ӣ”һ㲻“ģʿ”һNԣʟo“”һf
(gu)~ɷgP(gun)“(lin)J(rn)֪Dʾ “UP”һ~UPƤÿζҪM(jn)
@UPһҪ——豻Ƥ^PҪܱ ÁƤ҂ҌUPƤһNҪa(chn)һָUP PUPUP“”ȥڶߴ“”P(gun) ϵʶߴ㕽ӱ˴˵IJۿ׺͹D 1 ʾ^“۹P”“䓹P” ͬ“P”]@N“”P(gun)ϵʶڳҎ(gu)ºyM(jn)
D 1    “UP”“P”㕽ӈD
فW(wng)j(lu)Ϸdz“N X”NN“N”o ˵ĸX“ܶ”“”“”tքeʾ“˯XĸX”“ IJλ”֮ܳɹM(jn)“N”Ķ׽Y(ji)(gu)D 2 “”“”ҵԼIJۿM(jn)“N ”ָwܶಿλ“N”ָЏ(qing)ҵ˯XĸX
 
D 2    “N X”“”“”㕽ӈD ֮~ֻc^(qing)P(gun)“(lin)㕽Ӳۿ׵~M(jn)Q
֮(gu)~ɷgǺoP(gun)“(lin)֮gijNJ(rn)֪ϵP(gun)“(lin)@NJ(rn) ֪ǻճw(yn)a(chn)ġ

hZ“”(f)~ھx(gu)^̽
1985 ݴW(xu)J(rn)֪ZԌW(xu) Fauconnier Mental Space g“С”ڴ˻A(ch)F(xin)auconnier 1994 ʽ Conceptual Blending TheoryՓ(qing){(dio)“wڲ֮ͣ1+12”˂y(tng)ZxM^J(rn)֪ZԌW(xu)оҪI(lng)֮һՓ漰һҪg(sh)Z“Frameܣ”“Frameܣ”ɸM Lڃӛ֮DZ(jng)(yn)͈DʾĽY(ji)֪RY(ji)(gu)[10]5˵ ǿgȫģǿgcǿg֮g໥Bͨ˴Bͨ ǿgK(gu)ɸϾW(wng)j(lu) [11]40-48cϵĸ(jng)^“compositionM ϣ”“completionƣ”c“elaborationƣ”ļӹK õ“Emergent Structure(„(chung)Y(ji)(gu))”[12]׽tJ(rn)Փ܉ Zھx(gu)P(gun)о[13]ʹPxԓՓhZ“”(f)~M(jn) J(rn)֪x
“߸”“׸”“(lin)ʽ(f)~ƆμHɔ(sh)xƽеĿs ~BӶ“߸”x“ߴС”˵|(zh) xˆĄtP(gun)“߸”„(bo)Ę(bio)}
1߸ٝW(xu)(yng) ħFÿӖ(xn)ܰѺw2013
10 24 գ
2yYԇc(din)a(chn)ƷT ߸21 o(j)W(wng)2013
10 24 գ
3߸܇l ۴ŮģЇ„W(wng)2013
10 23 գ
4l룬ɂ“߸”“(lin)֓٣W(wng)„2013 10 23 գ yl(f)F(xin)“߸”ָͯBxͬ“߸”
ָIJ˵|(zh)Ǔ@Щ|(zh)g(jng)vһD(zhun)^[14] “ֱC(j)ĸ”һH˼~“ĸ”ijɷ֣ɷ־
“ֱC(j)”P(gun)ϵĶ߾Ȼһԓ~“ֱC(j)”ͬ“ ĸ”϶ͨ^“ֱC(j)”@܉򼤻c֮P(gun)İٿ֪Rֱ C(j)Ķxr;̎ͻ@ֱC(j)wc(din)——ֱֱ² Pڿ@NwзʽdzڱO(jin)ҕij“ĸ”֪RY(ji)(gu)漰 “ĸ”c“Ů”@һP(gun)ϵʽ(jng)Ϻɵã“ֱC(j)ĸ”ָ“ ֱC(j)һӱPŮϿrṟ̿O(jin)Ůһeһӵĸĸ”^ ˆDʾ

D 3   “ֱC(j)ĸ”ψD
فt„Ę(bio)}
1f˾Tۿ͑Ϣ¿͑[˽“㱼”CȯՈ(bo)2013
10 18 գ
2֙C(j)ȫ[ [˽“㱼”A磬2013 10 16 գ
3醺󼴷٣[˽㱼 (d)ΨϷЈ(bo)2013 8 26 գ t(bio)}“[˽㱼”ɞc(din)Ҏ(gu)˼S[˽ܱܣ
eر“[˽”(jng)^[x\(yn) PJ(rn)ԓ~P(gun)I“㱼”“㱼”ζ“һz w”һ˳wܵĺw¶ڴͥV֮ ʴ̎“㱼”ͻ@¼ĽY(ji)“[˽ع⣩”ͬ“㱼”M(jn) D 4 ʾ
 

D 4 “[˽㱼”ψD
“”“”Ʈa(chn)Ƶı_(d)߀“W(wng)”“” ˲ռc(din)˶Ԅe˵“”o˂ĸXԚw {P(gun)Ic(din)M(fi)ռˡԭ(jng)^ƫ@õ“W(wng)”“ ”һ^@N“|(zh)”“”“ռ˵đB(ti) ˲ʹ˵ЧYԴ”“W(wng)”“ռ˵ B(ti)˲ʹÄe˵ğoW(wng)”
Ąt„Ę(bio)}
1ӱx 5000 ̎“” ̎oڱI`GW(wng)2013
08 28 գ
2ijܺ뾫Ժ ғ(dn)Ԛ“Ԛ”W(wng)2013
08 23 գ
3Ї܇˿“”AՈ(bo)İ2009 12 25
4“ПoR”F(xin)(sh)ã׌҂“”W(wng)׽W(wng)2013
08 19 գ
Ąt(bio)}йͬᵽ“ X”@һZķN䷽ʽҲ “”fĽ֡“”ıx“”иw֮⣬w漰 ķ⼰(ni)w(yn)ɵóN ܣyԸȣ֪1е“”Z ڲ֪ҲԸrM(jn)о2е“Ԛ”Z 牺M(jn)ԚsʬF(xin)Ԛľ3е“ ”Z鱻ȳF4е“”Zָ ͘I(y)ⲿʹW(xu)òx߿@l·“ X”Ѕc ϵijɷ֞“”“X”“”ṩǑB(ti)“X”ṩĄtǾwĄ “”^“”w“˸F”ͶϿ g“”tfԒ֮ԓđB(ti)“Ը”ͶϿgM(jn) ϵõ“Ըȴ˸F”

ġY(ji)Z
hZ“”(f)~c(din)x(gu)ʽ(d)~xy԰ա PJ(rn)֪ҕŒhZ“”(f)~ھx(gu)^M(jn)Ԕ(x) l(f)F(xin)˸(gu)~ɷgJ(rn)֪ϵP(gun)“(lin)ƪޣδ ȫ،hZ“”(f)~M(jn)M(jn)һJ(rn)֪оʹPߕ^m(x)l(f) P(gun)Փԓо

עጣ ]_(d)Ľ(jng)(j)طԓ_(d)y(tng)һQ“hZ
‘’(f)~”

īI(xin)
[1] SˆA.  (f)~о[J].  ZԌW(xu),1995,02:1-9.
[2] ǞƣJ(rn)֪ZԌW(xu)chZо[M]Ϻ(f)W(xu)2011
[3] .  “ۺ”“ش”[J].  hŽW(xu),2006(04):5-12.
[4]   , ȫ .  “ + ” M Z (j) ̽ [J].   ɽ W(xu) Ժ W(xu) (bo),2003,05:42-45.
[5]    .    M Z r ֵ [J].   F(xin) Z ( Z ),2007,01:27-28.
[6]  筂.  dzҎ(gu)“~+̎~”Y(ji)(gu)ZD(zhun)о[J].  Z ,2012,05:77-81.
[7] ¼t,h.  o~Z[J].  玟W(xu)ԺW(xu)(bo),2003,03:36-39. [8] ΕA.  a(b)Y(ji)(gu)о[D].W(xu)Ժ,2012.
[9]  T V ˇ .   Z r ֵ [J].   W(xu) Ժ W(xu) (bo) ( W(xu) ),1992,01:66-70.
[10]  ιأĻ~——dogо[M]ŽW(xu)c о, 2011
[11] FauconnierG & TurnerMThe Way We Think[M]New YorkBasic Books

2002
 
[12]  Fauconnier,  G.  &  M.  Turner..Conceptual  Integration  Network[J].  Cognitive
 
Science, 1998(2): 133-187.
[13] ׽t,  .  hZW(wng)j(lu)~Zھx(gu)о——“X ”[J].
ZW(xu),2010,02:25-30.
[14] K.ՓҕhZW(wng)j(lu)~ھx--“”“߸” ʽ(f)~Ľ(gu)о[J].F(xin)ZģZо,2013,(8):129-131.
 

The Cognitive Study of the “Extraordinary” Combination of
 
Chinese Compounds
 
Yin Bochun
 
(Foreign Studies College,    Hunan Normal University, Changsha Hunan 410081, China)
Abstract: The “extraordinary” combination of Chinese compounds is a opposite concept of “ordinary” combination. The kind of Chinese compound words is hard to be understood through "extraordinary" meaning combination, and we must first know its online meaning construction process in order to understand the kind of word better. This article shows the online meaning construction process of these words, and finds that the word-formation components have a strong cognition-based association with each other.
Key words: Chinese compounds; "extraordinary" combination; cognitive linguistics

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