發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-16 11:35

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于N-S方程的高效實(shí)時(shí)煙霧模擬方法改進(jìn)　出處：《燕山大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 煙霧模擬 Navier-Stokes方程 無(wú)量綱化方法 對(duì)流項(xiàng) 壓力項(xiàng) Point-Based方法

【摘要】：模擬各種自然現(xiàn)象是計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)的一個(gè)重要探索領(lǐng)域,更是一項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的研究課題,特別是對(duì)煙霧、云、火焰、水波等不規(guī)則物體的模擬十分困難。隨著相關(guān)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,計(jì)算機(jī)模擬的煙霧被廣泛應(yīng)用到仿真火災(zāi)煙霧、電影特效、視頻游戲、廣告等各種領(lǐng)域,大大地提高了虛擬場(chǎng)景的逼真效果。本文在認(rèn)真分析國(guó)內(nèi)外煙霧模擬成果的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)影響煙霧模擬實(shí)時(shí)性和真實(shí)性問(wèn)題,著重從以下幾方面進(jìn)行深入研究和探討。 首先,針對(duì)基于物理方法煙霧模擬中Navier-Stokes方程形式復(fù)雜、求解困難、影響實(shí)時(shí)性的問(wèn)題,引入無(wú)量綱化方法優(yōu)化Navier-Stokes方程。通過(guò)對(duì)控制煙霧運(yùn)動(dòng)的物理方程進(jìn)行量綱分析,建立影響流體流動(dòng)各因素之間的正確關(guān)系,以及從流動(dòng)相似原理出發(fā)并遵循相似準(zhǔn)則,使Navier-Stokes方程中的物理量無(wú)量綱化,把方程化為規(guī)范形式,使物理量的數(shù)值大小歸一,以簡(jiǎn)化方程形式、減少計(jì)算量,并通過(guò)GPU方法加速計(jì)算,提高煙霧模擬實(shí)時(shí)性。 其次,針對(duì)Navier-Stokes方程對(duì)流項(xiàng)和壓力項(xiàng)求解復(fù)雜,影響煙霧模擬真實(shí)性和實(shí)時(shí)性的問(wèn)題,提出用Point-Based方法求解Navier-Stokes方程對(duì)流項(xiàng)和壓力項(xiàng)。利用Voronoi圖離散求解區(qū)域計(jì)算壓力投影,有效的緩解規(guī)則網(wǎng)格離散求解區(qū)域引起的數(shù)值耗散;同時(shí),避免采用半拉格朗日方法求解Navier-Stokes方程對(duì)流項(xiàng)所引起的數(shù)值耗散,以便正確地捕獲煙霧模擬的細(xì)節(jié)特征,在滿足煙霧模擬實(shí)時(shí)性的同時(shí)提高真實(shí)性。 最后,利用VC++語(yǔ)言、開(kāi)放性圖形接口OpenGL以及可編程圖形硬件語(yǔ)言Cg在Windows平臺(tái)上設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)煙霧模擬系統(tǒng),對(duì)改進(jìn)的煙霧模擬算法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:所模擬出的煙霧效果比較真實(shí),滿足了煙霧模擬真實(shí)感和實(shí)時(shí)性的要求。
[Abstract]:Simulating all kinds of natural phenomena is an important exploration field of computer graphics, and it is also a challenging research topic, especially for smoke, cloud and flame. The simulation of irregular objects such as water waves is very difficult. With the development of related technology, computer simulated smoke has been widely used in fire smoke simulation, film effects, video games, advertising and other fields. Based on the careful analysis of the results of smoke simulation at home and abroad, this paper aims at affecting the real-time and authenticity of smoke simulation. Focus on the following aspects of in-depth research and discussion. First of all, aiming at the complex form of Navier-Stokes equation in smoke simulation based on physical method, it is difficult to solve it and affects real-time performance. The dimensionless method is introduced to optimize the Navier-Stokes equation. By dimensionality analysis of the physical equation which controls the smoke movement, the correct relationship between the factors affecting the fluid flow is established. Based on the principle of flow similarity and following the similarity criterion, the physical quantity in Navier-Stokes equation is dimensionless, the equation is normalized, and the numerical value of physical quantity is normalized. In order to simplify the equation and reduce the computational complexity, the GPU method is used to accelerate the calculation to improve the real-time performance of smoke simulation. Secondly, solving the convection term and pressure term of Navier-Stokes equation is complex, which affects the authenticity and real-time of smoke simulation. The Point-Based method is used to solve the convection and pressure terms of Navier-Stokes equation, and the Voronoi diagram is used to discretize the region to calculate the pressure projection. The numerical dissipation caused by the discrete solution of the mesh is effective. At the same time, the numerical dissipation caused by the semi-Lagrangian method to solve the convection term of Navier-Stokes equation is avoided in order to capture the detailed characteristics of smoke simulation correctly. It can satisfy the real time of smoke simulation and improve the authenticity at the same time. Finally, the smoke simulation system is designed and implemented on Windows platform using VC language, open graphics interface OpenGL and programmable graphics hardware language CG. The experimental results show that the simulated smoke effect is more realistic and meets the requirements of realistic and real-time smoke simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41

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