發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-08 16:14

【摘要】：奇觀性作為電影直觀的特征,體現(xiàn)了電影藝術(shù)最外在的表達(dá)。打造視覺奇觀是導(dǎo)演在數(shù)字技術(shù)的幫助下營(yíng)造出觀者可以直接感知視覺圖像所釋放的強(qiáng)大吸引力或刺激效果的過程。作為意象實(shí)物逼真?zhèn)鬟_(dá)真實(shí)感的藝術(shù)外在表達(dá),為增強(qiáng)科幻電影的藝術(shù)張力和受眾接受虛擬美感起到了非常重要的作用。而科幻電影是視覺奇觀極具代表性的藝術(shù)載體,從電影誕生開始就結(jié)下了不解之緣。著名電影理論家約翰·巴克斯特曾評(píng)價(jià)說：“無論科幻電影的社會(huì)重要性如何,科幻電影仍是一種激起美感的基本手段,它是原子能時(shí)代的詩,是使我們意識(shí)到自己現(xiàn)在是何物和未來將會(huì)成為何物的警句�！彪m然數(shù)字技術(shù)引領(lǐng)了20世紀(jì)70年代以后的科幻電影浪潮,成為科幻電影制作必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)。但是,科幻電影在繁榮錦繡的表象下暗流涌動(dòng),甚至有人認(rèn)為,單憑幻想和虛構(gòu)成功的科幻電影,不過是小孩子的把戲。盡管科幻電影受到了來自文藝各界的質(zhì)疑和指摘,但是他已經(jīng)不可爭(zhēng)辯地成為活躍在票房市場(chǎng)的主要類型電影。并且越來越受到人們的追捧和期許。 本文試圖以“視覺奇觀”作為理論切入點(diǎn),從電影的奇觀性出發(fā),找尋科幻電影的問題與癥結(jié)。開篇對(duì)科幻電影和視覺奇觀做了理論上的概述,并且以史為鏡,從科幻電影的發(fā)展史中尋找視覺奇觀的足跡。接下來,就視覺奇觀在科幻電影當(dāng)中的呈現(xiàn)方式做了梳理。然后,闡述出好萊塢科幻電影在新世紀(jì)表現(xiàn)出來的深度消解和體驗(yàn)異化等問題,為全文立論,最后結(jié)合科幻電影的表面問題現(xiàn)象深入挖掘本質(zhì)原因——“形”與“意”的辯證關(guān)系失衡,并提出了突圍路徑與方法。在最后的結(jié)論里,參照新的科幻電影形態(tài)研究思路,為中國科幻電影在未來的發(fā)展提出了自己的看法�？苹秒娪皯�(yīng)該看到文中所提到的現(xiàn)階段的問題和缺陷,使其在未來能夠以全新的姿態(tài)屹立于電影市場(chǎng)之中。 而且,為了對(duì)科幻電影有更透徹的認(rèn)識(shí),有利于掌握創(chuàng)作的方向,必須厘清視覺奇觀對(duì)于科幻電影的使命和整合效應(yīng),得出科學(xué)普遍的理論依據(jù)。以后的中國科幻電影制作在條件允許的情況下,努力提高影片質(zhì)量和美學(xué)效果,提出有建設(shè)性的指導(dǎo)和理論上的補(bǔ)充說明。 本文運(yùn)用了歸納法、演繹法和實(shí)證分析法,理清科幻電影的發(fā)展進(jìn)程和各個(gè)派別和思潮密切相關(guān)的影響,闡明視覺奇觀的開創(chuàng)性的建構(gòu)實(shí)質(zhì)在于從電影藝術(shù)的本體對(duì)科幻電影進(jìn)行徹底的解構(gòu)。然而,視覺奇觀并不是完美的藝術(shù)表達(dá)形式,有利也有弊。不僅鑄就了科幻電影的大眾娛樂新天地,同時(shí)暗含隱性的謎團(tuán)和潛在的危機(jī)。因此,人文思想的有力彰顯和獨(dú)特性創(chuàng)新的弘揚(yáng)成為科幻電影新時(shí)代賦予的新任務(wù)。
[Abstract]:As a visual feature of film, spectacle reflects the most extrinsic expression of film art. Creating visual wonders is a process in which the director can directly perceive the powerful attraction or stimulation released by visual images with the help of digital technology. The artistic external expression, which conveys the realistic sense of reality, plays a very important role in enhancing the artistic tension of sci-fi films and the audience's acceptance of virtual aesthetic feeling. Science fiction film is a representative art carrier of visual wonders, which has been inextricably linked since the birth of the film. John Baxter, a famous film theorist, once commented: "regardless of the social importance of sci-fi films, sci-fi films are still a basic means of arousing beauty. They are poems of the age of atomic energy. It is a reminder of what we are and what the future will be. " Although digital technology led the wave of sci-fi films after the 1970s, it became an essential link in the production of sci-fi films. But sci-fi films flow under the appearance of prosperity, and some even argue that fantasy and fictional science fiction alone are children's tricks. Although sci-fi films have been questioned and criticized by literary circles, he has indisputably become the main type of films active in the box office market. And more people's pursuit and expectations. This paper attempts to look for the problems and the crux of sci-fi films from the perspective of the spectacle of the film by using "Visual Wonders" as the theoretical breakthrough point. In the beginning, the author makes a theoretical overview of sci-fi films and visual wonders, and looks for the footprints of visual wonders from the history of sci-fi films. Next, the visual spectacle in science fiction movies in the presentation of the way to do a comb. Then, this paper expounds the problems of Hollywood sci-fi films in the new century, such as deep deconstruction and experience alienation. Finally, combined with the superficial problem phenomenon of sci-fi film, the author deeply excavates the essential reason-the dialectical imbalance between "shape" and "meaning", and puts forward the way and method of breaking out. In the final conclusion, referring to the new research ideas of science fiction film, the author puts forward his own views for the future development of Chinese science fiction film. Science fiction films should see the current problems and defects mentioned in the article so that they can stand in the film market in a completely new way in the future. Moreover, in order to have a more thorough understanding of sci-fi films and help to grasp the direction of creation, it is necessary to clarify the mission and integration effect of visual wonders to sci-fi films, and to obtain the universal theoretical basis of science. In the future, the Chinese sci-fi film production tried hard to improve the quality and aesthetic effect of the film, and put forward constructive guidance and theoretical supplementary explanation. This paper uses induction, deduction and empirical analysis to clarify the development process of sci-fi films and the closely related influences of different schools and trends of thought. The essence of the creative construction of visual wonders lies in the thorough deconstruction of sci-fi films from the Noumenon of film art. However, visual spectacle is not a perfect form of artistic expression, there are advantages and disadvantages. It not only creates a new world of popular entertainment for sci-fi films, but also implies a hidden mystery and potential crisis. Therefore, it is a new task given by the new era of sci-fi film.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：J905

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