發(fā)布時間：2018-06-28 15:57

  本文選題：《中國人要來了》 + 評價理論��； 參考：《揚州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：由Martin等人創(chuàng)建的評價理論是系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué)領(lǐng)域的新發(fā)展,用于分析文本的評價意義。評價系統(tǒng)涉及文本的態(tài)度類型、資源介入以及情感分級。這種新興的理論起源于Halliday模式中的人際意義系統(tǒng),其子系統(tǒng)包括：態(tài)度(Attitude),介入(Engagement)和級差(Graduation)。然而現(xiàn)有文獻表明,有關(guān)評價理論的研究大多以書面語為主,對于影像話語中的評價資源,特別是紀(jì)錄片話語中的評價資源則較少涉及。 鑒于此,本文試分析BBC出品的紀(jì)錄片《中國人要來了》的話語中所蘊含的評價資源,旨在幫助人們更好地認識紀(jì)錄片中的評價功能,進而加深對紀(jì)錄片中所蘊含的中國國家形象的理解。研究問題圍繞三個方面內(nèi)容：一是態(tài)度資源在該紀(jì)錄片中的比率分布以及態(tài)度資源如何構(gòu)建中國國家形象；二是介入資源在該紀(jì)錄片中的比率分布以及介入資源如何構(gòu)建中國國家形象；三是極差資源在該紀(jì)錄片中的比率分布以及極差資源如何構(gòu)建中國國家形象。 本研究試運用評價理論分析《中國人要來了》紀(jì)錄片中的評價資源。研究采用定性和定量結(jié)合的方法。定量研究以UAM CorpusTool、Excel為研究工具。研究對象為BBC紀(jì)錄片《中國人要來了》上下兩部。定量研究通過利用UAM CorpusTool對該紀(jì)錄片中各種評價資源進行分類標(biāo)注,然后利用UAM CorpusTool呈現(xiàn)各種評價資源的分布情況并借助Excel軟件計算出各種評價資源所占的比例進行。 定性研究采用舉例的方法,分析各種評價資源如何構(gòu)建紀(jì)錄片中的中國國家形象。 本研究在評價理論的框架下,對紀(jì)錄片中的評價功能進行嘗試性的研究,結(jié)果表明： 在態(tài)度系統(tǒng)中,有大量的鑒賞資源存在于《中國人要來了》,占整個態(tài)度資源的59.46%。在鑒賞資源中,反應(yīng)資源占鑒賞資源的70.85%。在情感資源中,快樂資源占33.98%,處于大多數(shù)。而在判斷資源中,社會約束占判斷總數(shù)的71.42%,遠高于社會評判。此外,在整個態(tài)度資源中,積極的態(tài)度多于消極的態(tài)度資源；顯性資源多于隱形資源,該資源分別占情感資源的94.17%,判斷資源的100%和鑒賞資源的94.62%。該紀(jì)錄片運用很多積極的鑒賞資源來強調(diào)非洲美麗的風(fēng)景、豐富的自然資源以及中國工人艱苦奮斗的精神,既承認中國人優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì)又指出中國人對非洲的破壞。處于快速發(fā)展時期的中國需要廣闊的非洲市場,巨大的經(jīng)濟利益又驅(qū)使大批中國人去非洲吸金；但是由于過分注重經(jīng)濟利益和發(fā)展,繼而人們也會忽視對環(huán)境的保護。使用鑒賞資源,該紀(jì)錄片通過聯(lián)結(jié)觀眾的意見來構(gòu)建一致性觀點。而積極的資源更容易被觀眾接受,所以積極的態(tài)度資源被廣泛使用。顯性資源則幫助該紀(jì)錄片與觀眾建立牢固的關(guān)系并以一個清晰、明確的方式表達態(tài)度。 在介入系統(tǒng)中,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)對話性壓縮資源占75.31%,多于對話性擴展。具體來說,在對話性壓縮中,承認資源占對話性壓縮的54.10%,處于大多數(shù)。在對話性擴張中,包容資源占對話性擴展的64.29%。介入資源使該紀(jì)錄片從美國、中國、非洲等多角度呈現(xiàn)出更多的對話性,也使得該紀(jì)錄片比較客觀地構(gòu)建了一個復(fù)雜但全面的中國國家形象。同時該紀(jì)錄片采用多個收縮資源來抵御不同的聲音,以此體現(xiàn)說話者的主張是正當(dāng)?shù)�、有說服力的,且能夠使觀眾信服。 在級差系統(tǒng)中,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)占極差資源88.01%的語勢資源處于大多數(shù)。而在語勢資源中,數(shù)量資源則以54.73%的比例占大多數(shù)。在聚焦資源中,明顯資源以50.85%的比例稍稍多于占聚焦資源49.15%的模糊資源。與程度、數(shù)量、時間、空間相關(guān)的詞句往往更容易強調(diào)需要表達的意義。因而該紀(jì)錄片中出現(xiàn)更多的數(shù)量和明顯資源。這些極差資源既強調(diào)了中國的快速發(fā)展,也反映了西方發(fā)達資本主義國家的擔(dān)憂。 通過各種評價資源,該片構(gòu)建了一個復(fù)雜、富有爭議但真實的中國國家形象。本文從評價理論角度試分析《中國人要來了》中的評價功能,為紀(jì)錄片的分析研究提供了新的視角,同時拓寬了評價理論研究領(lǐng)域。本研究結(jié)果對英語教學(xué)具有一定的啟示：從教師的角度來看,在利用紀(jì)錄片的過程中,教師應(yīng)該選擇與教學(xué)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的紀(jì)錄片,并剪輯片段,輔助教學(xué),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從價值觀、詞匯選擇、多文化交際角度鑒賞紀(jì)錄片。同時,教師應(yīng)該運用評價理論分析紀(jì)錄片中的話語,加深學(xué)生的分析理解能力,從而促進其英語表達水平、多元文化理解能力和感悟能力的提高；從學(xué)生的角度來看,通過觀看分析紀(jì)錄片,學(xué)生能夠更好地理解、表達中西方文化。學(xué)生還應(yīng)該借助評價理論來分析紀(jì)錄片中的評價資源,特別是西方媒體拍攝的有關(guān)中國的紀(jì)錄片中的評價資源,繼而加強運用英語表達自己民族文化的能力,并進一步幫助自己辨析紀(jì)錄片言語中體現(xiàn)出來的意識形態(tài)和文化的碰撞,并學(xué)會闡明自己的觀點和立場。
[Abstract]:The evaluation theory created by Martin et al. Is a new development in the field of systemic functional linguistics, which is used to analyze the significance of the evaluation of text. The evaluation system involves the type of text, the intervention of resources and the classification of emotions. This new theory originates from the interpersonal meaning system in the Halliday model, and its subsystems include Attitude, and E Ngagement) and gradation (Graduation). However, the existing literature shows that most of the research on evaluation theory is mainly written in written language. The evaluation resources in the image discourse, especially the evaluation resources in the documentary discourse, are less involved.
In view of this, this article tries to analyze the evaluation resources contained in the BBC documentary < Chinese people's coming > in order to help people better understand the evaluation function in the documentary and deepen the understanding of the Chinese national image contained in the documentary. The research issues around three aspects: first, the attitude resources are in the period of the period. The ratio distribution in the recording and how the attitude resources build the Chinese national image; two is the ratio distribution of the intervening resources in the documentary and how the intervening resources build the Chinese national image; the three is the ratio distribution of the extreme resources in the documentary and how the extreme resources construct the Chinese national image.
This study tries to use the evaluation theory to analyze the evaluation resources in the "Chinese people want" documentary. The study adopts the method of qualitative and quantitative combination. Quantitative research takes UAM CorpusTool, Excel as the research tool. The research object is the BBC documentary < Chinese people are coming > two parts. Quantitative research through the use of UAM CorpusTool in the documentary films The evaluation resources are classified and tagged, and then the distribution of various evaluation resources is presented by using UAM CorpusTool and the proportion of various evaluation resources is calculated with the help of Excel software.
Qualitative research adopts an example method to analyze the various evaluation resources and how to build China's national image in documentaries.
Based on the theory of evaluation, this study makes a tentative study of the evaluation function in documentaries.
In the attitude system, a large number of appreciation resources exist in "Chinese people", and the 59.46%. of the entire attitude resource is in the appreciation resources, and the 70.85%. of reacting resources accounts for the appreciation resources in the emotional resources, and the happy resources account for 33.98%, which is in the majority. In the judgment resources, the social constraints account for 71.42% of the total number of judgments, far higher than the social evaluation. In addition, in the whole attitude resource, the positive attitude is more than the negative attitude resource, the dominant resource is more than the invisible resource, and the resources account for 94.17% of the emotional resources, the 100% of the resources and the 94.62%. of the appreciation resources. The documentary film uses a lot of positive appreciation resources to emphasize the beautiful scenery of Africa, the rich natural resources and the medium. The spirit of the hard struggle of the Chinese workers recognizes both the excellent quality of the Chinese people and the destruction of the Chinese people. China needs a vast African market in the rapid development period, and the great economic interest has driven a large number of Chinese people to absorb gold in Africa; however, due to the excessive emphasis on economic interests and development, people will also ignore the right. Environmental protection. Using appreciation resources, the documentary builds consensus views through the views of the audience. Active resources are more easily accepted by the audience, so active attitude resources are widely used. Dominant resources help the documentary to establish strong relations with the audience and express attitude in a clear and clear way.
In the intervention system, this study found that dialogic compression resources accounted for 75.31%, more than dialogic expansion. Specifically, in the dialogic compression, the recognition resources accounted for 54.10% of the dialogic compression. In the dialogic expansion, the 64.29%. into the dialogic expansion of resources made the documentary from the United States, China, Africa and other corners. The documentary is more dialogical and makes the documentary more objective to build a complex but comprehensive image of the Chinese nation. At the same time, the documentary uses multiple contractive resources to resist different voices, reflecting the speaker's claim to be justified, persuasive and convincing the audience.
In the differential system, the study found that the potential resources, which account for 88.01% of the extreme resources, are in the majority. In the potential resources, the number of resources is 54.73% of the majority. In the focused resource, the obvious resources are slightly more than 50.85% of the fuzzy resources that account for 49.15% of the focused resources. It is easier to emphasize the meaning of the need to express. So there are more numbers and obvious resources in the documentary. These extreme resources not only emphasize the rapid development of China, but also reflect the worries of western developed capitalist countries.
Through a variety of evaluation resources, the film has built a complex, controversial but true Chinese national image. This paper tries to analyze the evaluation function of "Chinese people" from the perspective of evaluation theory, which provides a new perspective for the analysis and research of documentary, and broadens the field of evaluation theory. From the point of view of the teacher, in the process of using the documentary, the teacher should choose the documentary related to the teaching content, edit the clip, assist the teaching, guide the students to appreciate the documentary from the view of value, the choice of vocabulary and the multi cultural communication. At the same time, the teacher should use the theory of evaluation to analyze the discourse in the documentary and deepen the documentary. Students' ability to analyze and understand, thus promoting the level of English expression, the ability to understand the multi culture and the ability to understand; from the point of view of the students, the students can understand and express the western culture better by watching the analysis of the documentary. Students should also use the theory of evaluation to analyze the evaluation resources in the documentary, especially in the West. The evaluation resources of Chinese documentary films are taken by the square media, and then the ability to use English to express their own national culture, and to further help to differentiate and analyze the ideological and cultural collisions embodied in the documentary language, and to learn to clarify their views and standpoints.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：J952

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本文編號：2078544