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中美個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)制度

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2017-05-11 08:03

摘要:2006年我國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào)啟動(dòng),與之配套的申報(bào)規(guī)定相繼出臺(tái),規(guī)定指出:對(duì)于年所得額超過(guò)12萬(wàn)元的人群需要自行申報(bào)并繳納個(gè)人所得稅。2008年1月1日北京對(duì)月收入1600元以下的納稅人,全部實(shí)行個(gè)人所得稅全額扣繳申報(bào)。個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào)對(duì)于我國(guó)稅制改革來(lái)說(shuō),是一項(xiàng)重大舉措,并具有十分重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義;個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào)為,個(gè)人所得稅未來(lái)的發(fā)展制定了基本框架和方向,強(qiáng)化了納稅人應(yīng)有的納稅義務(wù)及法定權(quán)利,它的公布與實(shí)施即提高了公民的納稅意識(shí),同時(shí)也提高了政府服務(wù)質(zhì)量,加強(qiáng)了對(duì)高收入人員的監(jiān)控,減少了貧富差距,因此,個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào)納稅具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文借鑒美國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),研究我國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)程序,,對(duì)自行申報(bào)執(zhí)行過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題及產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題的原因進(jìn)行分析,提出完善個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)制度的有效措施,使其得以順利實(shí)施。
關(guān)鍵詞:個(gè)人所得稅;自行納稅申報(bào);所得稅征繳;

Abstract: in 2006 China's declaration of individual income tax starting, with the support of the reporting requirements have been introduced, the provisions pointed out: for the annual income of more than 120000 yuan people need to declare and pay individual income tax. January 1, 2008 Beijing monthly income below 1600 yuan to implement all the taxpayers, withholding tax rate of personal income tax declaration. Declaration of individual income tax for tax reform in our country, is an important measure, and has very important practical significance; self declaration of personal income tax, personal income tax in the future development of the basic framework and direction, strengthen the taxpayer proper tax obligations and legal rights, promulgation and enforcement of the improve the tax consciousness of the citizens, but also improve the quality of government services, strengthen the monitoring of the high income people, reduce the gap between the rich and the poor, therefore, the personal income tax self declaration has the practical significance of tax. This paper American the self declaration of individual income tax experience, study of China's personal income tax declaration procedures, and causes of problems in the implementation of the declaration of the problem analysis, put forward their own personal income tax declaration system of effective measures, the successful implementation of.
Keywords: personal income tax; income tax declaration;

目 錄


摘要 2
關(guān)鍵詞 2
一、個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào)納稅的必要性 2
(一)概念 3
(二)內(nèi)容 3
(三)必要性 3
二、美國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)簡(jiǎn)析 4
(一)綜合所得稅課稅模式,強(qiáng)調(diào)平等和公平正義 4
(二) 嚴(yán)格高效的稅收征管 4
(三)完善的稅務(wù)代理機(jī)制 5
(四)健全的自行納稅申報(bào)體系 5
4.1稅收申報(bào)表 5
4.2申報(bào)方式 6
4.3申報(bào)身份 6
4.4申報(bào)條件 6
4.5稅率 6
(五)國(guó)民納稅意識(shí)較強(qiáng)、得到十分優(yōu)質(zhì)的納稅服務(wù) 6
(六)預(yù)算收支體系嚴(yán)格精細(xì)使納稅人具有自行申報(bào)積極性 7
三、我國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)的問(wèn)題及原因分析 7
(一)我國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)的現(xiàn)狀及存在的問(wèn)題 7
(二)存在問(wèn)題的原因分析 7
1. 稅制不健全,公平性與激勵(lì)性較差 7
2.征管設(shè)施和措施不完善 8
3.代理申報(bào)納稅機(jī)制不成熟 8
4.個(gè)稅自行申報(bào)體系不規(guī)范 9
5.公民個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)意識(shí)較低 9
6.預(yù)算收支體系不夠嚴(yán)格精細(xì),透明度低 9
四、發(fā)展我國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行納稅申報(bào)制度的策略 10
(一)深化個(gè)人所得稅稅制改革,強(qiáng)調(diào)社會(huì)公平 10
(二)加強(qiáng)個(gè)稅稅收征管,提高監(jiān)控力度和有效性 10
(三)發(fā)展代理申報(bào)納稅機(jī)制 10
(四)完善個(gè)稅自行申報(bào)體系 11
(五)提高我國(guó)公民個(gè)稅自行申報(bào)的積極性 11
參考文獻(xiàn): 11

一、個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào)納稅的必要性


(一)概念

個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào),是稅制改革過(guò)程中的重要舉措。它的實(shí)施加強(qiáng)了對(duì)個(gè)人所得稅征收管理,維護(hù)納稅人合法權(quán)益,保障國(guó)家稅收收入,規(guī)范、方便納稅人自行申報(bào)行為。因此,我國(guó)個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào)的啟動(dòng)、執(zhí)行十分必要。
(二)內(nèi)容
   個(gè)人所得稅申報(bào)納稅的內(nèi)容如下:年所得額在12萬(wàn)元以上的納稅人需要進(jìn)行個(gè)人所得稅自行申報(bào),年所得額是指在兩處或兩處以上取得工資、薪金所得的或者從中國(guó)境外取得應(yīng)納稅所得額;對(duì)于自行申報(bào)核定征收的個(gè)體工商戶、從事生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)的所得的納稅人也需要定期自行申報(bào)個(gè)人所得稅;國(guó)務(wù)院規(guī)定的其他納稅人,都應(yīng)該進(jìn)行自行申報(bào)繳納個(gè)人所得稅。




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