【摘要】：微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型技術(shù)是一項將微孔發(fā)泡工藝與注塑成型技術(shù)相結(jié)合的新技術(shù),能夠在保證制品性能的前提下實現(xiàn)減重,因其具備產(chǎn)業(yè)化潛力、能夠成型復(fù)雜形狀制品,已獲得廣泛應(yīng)用。高沖擊強度聚苯乙烯(HIPS)作為一種通用的工程塑料,應(yīng)用非常廣泛。針對HIPS微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型技術(shù),研究制品的泡孔形成過程、泡孔形態(tài)及性能等,能夠有力促進微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型技術(shù)的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展,具有重要的理論和工程意義。本文采用實驗和數(shù)值模擬方法,主要針對HIPS微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型中工藝參數(shù)對試樣泡孔形態(tài)、力學(xué)性能等進行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,掌握了發(fā)泡試樣成型過程中泡孔的形成過程,確定了各個成型工藝參數(shù)對泡孔形態(tài)的影響程度;獲得了打氣時間及打氣延時時間對試樣泡孔形態(tài)力學(xué)性能的影響規(guī)律及原因和拉伸溫度對發(fā)泡試樣拉伸性能的影響規(guī)律。主要研究工作如下:基于Autodesk Moldflow Synergy 2016,建立了 HIPS/超臨界N2微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型制品的CAE分析模型,進行了充填+保壓+翹曲分析,研究了微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型過程中泡孔形態(tài)的變化。此外,針對本文研究中模具的型腔分布,分析了料流平衡對發(fā)泡過程的限制作用,為開展實驗研究提供指導(dǎo)。以泡孔平均半徑為研究指標,設(shè)計了正交試驗,借助信噪比分析和方差分析方法,研究了工藝參數(shù)對泡孔平均半徑的影響程度,進一步確定了實驗研究的重點。打氣量直接影響著制品成型時泡孔的形核、長大、合并及分布,對發(fā)泡制品的泡孔形態(tài)及性能影響十分顯著,因此,本文首先研究了打氣原理,分析了打氣過程中可能會影響制品泡孔形態(tài)的打氣參數(shù)。利用實驗室開發(fā)的微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型設(shè)備,研究了打氣時間對制品泡孔形態(tài)、泡孔形成過程和力學(xué)性能的影響,結(jié)果表明打氣時間對制品的泡孔形態(tài)和泡孔形成過程造成顯著影響,未發(fā)泡皮層厚度和泡孔結(jié)構(gòu)的變化對試樣的力學(xué)性能產(chǎn)生了影響。研究了打氣延時時間對制品泡孔形態(tài)和力學(xué)性能的影響,結(jié)果表明打氣延時時間通過改變打氣區(qū)間,從而影響打氣速度,最終影響制品的泡孔形態(tài),進而影響力學(xué)性能。利用帶有高低溫箱控制系統(tǒng)的萬能電子拉伸試驗機,研究了 HIPS微孔發(fā)泡注塑成型試樣的熱拉伸性能,與未發(fā)泡試樣的熱拉伸性能進行了對比分析。通過對比分析發(fā)泡試樣和未發(fā)泡試樣在不同溫度下的拉伸性能,分析二者變化規(guī)律的異同,為發(fā)泡制品的實際使用條件及熱拉伸性能指標數(shù)據(jù)提供參考。
[Abstract]:Microcellular foam injection molding technology is a new technology which combines microcellular foaming technology with injection molding technology. It can reduce weight on the premise of ensuring the performance of products, because of its industrialization potential, it can form complex shaped products. It has been widely used. As a general engineering plastic, high impact strength polystyrene (HIPS) is widely used. In view of HIPS microcellular foam injection molding technology, the study on the forming process, morphology and properties of microcellular foam injection molding products can effectively promote the application and development of microcellular foaming injection molding technology, which has important theoretical and engineering significance. In this paper, the morphology and mechanical properties of HIPS microcellular foam injection molding were studied systematically by means of experiment and numerical simulation, and the forming process of foam in foaming sample was grasped. The influence degree of the forming process parameters on the morphology of the foam was determined. The effects of air pumping time and time delay on the morphology and mechanical properties of foam cells and the effects of tensile temperature on the tensile properties of foam samples were obtained. The main research work is as follows: based on Autodesk Moldflow Synergy 2016, the CAE analysis model of HIPS/ supercritical N _ 2 microcellular foam injection molding products was established, and the filling and pressure-retaining warpage analysis was carried out. The change of cellular morphology during injection molding of microcellular foam was studied. In addition, according to the mold cavity distribution in this study, the limiting effect of material flow balance on foaming process is analyzed, which provides guidance for experimental research. Taking the average radius of cell as the research index, the orthogonal experiment was designed. By means of signal-to-noise ratio analysis and variance analysis, the influence degree of the technological parameters on the average radius of the cell was studied, and the emphasis of the experimental study was further determined. Air volume directly affects the nucleation, growth, combination and distribution of foam cells during molding, and has a significant effect on the cellular morphology and properties of foamed products. Therefore, the principle of air pumping is studied firstly in this paper. The inflating parameters which may affect the bubble shape of the products during the process of pumping are analyzed. By using the microcellular foaming injection molding equipment developed in the laboratory, the effects of air pumping time on the cellular morphology, cellular formation process and mechanical properties of the products were studied. The results show that the blowing time has a significant effect on the cellular morphology and the forming process of the foam, and the changes of the thickness of the unfoamed cortex and the cellular structure have an effect on the mechanical properties of the samples. The effects of pump delay time on bubble morphology and mechanical properties of the product were studied. The results showed that the blow delay time affected the pump speed, finally affected the bubble morphology of the product, and then affected the mechanical properties of the product by changing the pump interval. The thermal tensile properties of HIPS microcellular foam injection molding samples were studied by means of a universal electronic tensile tester with high and low temperature box control system. The thermal tensile properties of the samples were compared with those of the unfoamed samples. By comparing and analyzing the tensile properties of foamed and unfoamed samples at different temperatures, the similarities and differences between them are analyzed in order to provide a reference for the actual conditions of application and the data of thermal tensile properties of foamed products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ328.4

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