本文選題：高密度電法 + 數據采集　； 參考：《安徽建筑大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：電法勘探作為一種常見的地球物理勘探方法,經常在實際工程中得以運用。高密度電法是電法勘探方法的一部分,它相對于普通勘探方法具有多快好省的特點,因此它經常在城市工程、地質工程、管線工程和考古工作等方面發(fā)揮了重要的作用,并且以其自身的特點取得了良好的效果。高密度電法測試裝置有很多,如:溫納裝置、微分裝置、偶極裝置、溫施裝置等。通過前人不斷的嘗試,溫納裝置和偶極裝置在高密度電法探測過程之中充分體現(xiàn)出了它的優(yōu)勢和適用性,本文對高密度電法的研究中主要運用的就是溫納裝置,而這里對溫納裝置進行研究也顯得十分有意義。本文所研究的核心內容就是:第一是高密度電法正演計算,第二是高密度電法的反演成像。在本文中正演計算所采用的方法是有限差分法,該方法能較好的對求解區(qū)域進行網格剖分,并且將需要求解的微分方程轉化為差分方程組進行求解。反演成像主要采用專門的軟件對高密度電法數據先進行突變點剔除工作,再根據需要,進行數據圓滑處理和地形改正,最后通過剖面反演,繪制出電阻率反演成像彩色剖面圖。本文主要通過將正反演結合到一起,驗證了本文正反演方法的有效性和可行性。圍繞高密度電法的研究本文具體開展了以下幾個方面的工作:首先闡述了高密度電法的背景及其發(fā)展和研究現(xiàn)狀,然后對高密度電法的基本原理和工作方法簡要概括。借鑒前人工作成果,并結合自己的實踐經驗,研究了高密度電法野外數據采集工作方法,并分準備階段、測試階段和采集階段三個階段對其進行詳細的說明。其次系統(tǒng)的闡述了高密度電法數據處理與分析有關的內容,其中包括對前期的數據預處理中剔除壞點、數據拼接、地形校正等過程,數據的實質性處理過程和數據的分析解釋過程等都作了比較詳細的介紹。再次介紹了高密度電法正演基本原理和有限差分法的計算原理,先利用差分方程組對異常場引起的電位進行求解,然后將正常場和異常場相加的方法得出總電位,并通過一個二維正演計算算例實現(xiàn)正演計算的試算并得出相應的正演剖面圖。指出本文中進行高密度電法反演應用的主要裝置以及反演成像方法和規(guī)律,并且通過對三個不同模型進行模擬研究,得出溫納裝置對高阻和低阻異常情況的反演圖。最后對本文所采取的資料處理方法進行了相應的分析說明,并通過兩個具體的工程實例說明高密度電法的應用效果,研究高密度電法反演規(guī)律,得出相應的反演剖面圖,為高密度電法工作的發(fā)展進步提供了理論依據和參考經驗,而且還對本文研究的成果和不足做了補充說明。
[Abstract]:As a common geophysical exploration method, electrical exploration is often used in practical engineering. The high density electric method is a part of the electrical exploration method. It has the characteristics of more rapid and economical than the common exploration method, so it often plays an important role in urban engineering, geological engineering, pipeline engineering and archaeological work, etc. And has obtained the good result by its own characteristic. There are many high-density electrical testing devices, such as: Winner device, differential device, dipole device, temperature device and so on. Through repeated attempts by predecessors, Winner device and dipole device fully reflect its advantages and applicability in the process of high-density electrical detection. In this paper, Winner device is mainly used in the study of high-density electrical method. It is also very meaningful to study Winner device here. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, the forward calculation of high density electrical method; secondly, the inversion imaging of high density electrical method. In this paper, the forward calculation method is the finite difference method, this method can better mesh the solution area, and the differential equations need to be solved into difference equations to solve. The inversion imaging mainly uses the special software to eliminate the abrupt point of the high-density electrical data first, then carries on the data smooth processing and the terrain correction according to the need, finally through the section inversion, draws the resistivity inversion imaging color profile map. The effectiveness and feasibility of the forward and inverse method are verified by combining the forward and inverse methods in this paper. This paper focuses on the research of high density electrical method. Firstly, the background, development and research status of high density electrical method are described, and then the basic principle and working method of high density electrical method are briefly summarized. Referring to the previous work results and combining with our own practical experience, this paper studies the field data acquisition method of high-density electrical method, and explains it in detail in three stages: preparation stage, test stage and acquisition stage. Secondly, the contents of high-density electrical data processing and analysis are systematically expounded, including the process of eliminating bad points, data splicing, terrain correction and so on. The substantive process of data processing and the process of data analysis and interpretation are introduced in detail. The basic principle of forward modeling of high density electric method and the calculation principle of finite difference method are introduced again. First, the potential caused by abnormal field is solved by using difference equations, and then the total potential is obtained by adding the normal field and abnormal field. A two-dimensional forward calculation example is used to realize the forward calculation and the corresponding forward section diagram is obtained. This paper points out the main equipment of high-density electrical inversion and the methods and rules of inversion imaging, and through the simulation of three different models, obtains the inversion map of the high-resistivity and low-resistivity anomalies of the Wenner device. Finally, the data processing method adopted in this paper is analyzed and explained, and the application effect of high density electrical method is illustrated by two concrete engineering examples, and the inversion law of high density electrical method is studied, and the corresponding inversion profile is obtained. It provides the theoretical basis and reference experience for the development and progress of the high-density electrical method, and also gives a supplementary explanation to the achievements and shortcomings of this paper.
【學位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P631.3

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