發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-03 08:46

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：河北昌黎海岸沙丘動(dòng)態(tài)演變及趨勢研究　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 海岸流動(dòng)沙丘 動(dòng)態(tài)演變 相關(guān)關(guān)系 退化評價(jià) 退化趨勢

【摘要】：海岸沙丘是海岸沙灘系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,而在自然與人類的共同作用下,沙丘—海灘系統(tǒng)中沉積物部分脫離系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部運(yùn)行過程導(dǎo)致該系統(tǒng)沉積物虧失,沙丘的虧損又使那些以沙丘作為生存環(huán)境的草本植物以及鳥類、哺乳類、兩棲類和爬行類動(dòng)物的多樣性遭到了極大的破壞。海岸沙丘與海岸生物多樣性有重要的相關(guān)性,海岸沙丘的退化破壞了海岸生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的完整性和多樣性,因此對海岸沙丘資源的研究為保證沿海生態(tài)環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文以昌黎黃金海岸自然保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)的大圩頂為研究對象,基于GPS-RTK技術(shù)獲取保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)大圩頂流動(dòng)沙丘春季(5月)和秋季(10月)的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合多期遙感影像,從年內(nèi)和年際兩個(gè)尺度對流動(dòng)沙丘的動(dòng)態(tài)演變進(jìn)行全面分析研究。利用SPSS22.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析軟件對流動(dòng)沙丘的動(dòng)態(tài)演變因素,如:起沙風(fēng)、合成風(fēng)、流動(dòng)沙丘高度等自然因素進(jìn)行了相關(guān)分析。借助狀態(tài)空間分析法,層次分析法,spearman秩相關(guān)系數(shù)法等多種方法對昌黎黃金海岸的大圩頂流動(dòng)沙丘動(dòng)態(tài)演變趨勢進(jìn)行分析研究。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)2004年10月以來,大圩頂流動(dòng)沙丘整體高度有所下降,脊線最高點(diǎn)共降低1.47m,鞍部共降低達(dá)3.54m;沙丘整體陸向遷移,但北段和中段交界線處的脊線、坡腳線出現(xiàn)向海遷移的態(tài)勢;流動(dòng)沙丘的移動(dòng)速率有所加快,向海坡變化的速度快于向陸坡。向海坡趨緩,向陸坡變陡速度分別為:0.47°/a,0.17°/a。(2)昌黎大圩頂所在區(qū)域主風(fēng)速年際變化雖穩(wěn)定,但年內(nèi)變化很明顯,降雨量少的春季也正是大風(fēng)季節(jié)有利于風(fēng)沙運(yùn)動(dòng),流動(dòng)沙丘整體每年10月~次年5月移動(dòng)速率明顯比5月~10月大,脊線移動(dòng)距離快約1.7 m/a,坡腳線移動(dòng)距離快約0.4 m/a。(3)以流動(dòng)沙丘的位置變化,流動(dòng)沙丘周邊的植被覆蓋度變化,流動(dòng)沙丘的物質(zhì)供給以及流動(dòng)沙丘本體形態(tài)變化等作為流動(dòng)沙丘退化評價(jià)的指標(biāo),對流動(dòng)沙丘演變趨勢進(jìn)行評價(jià)rs為-0.38,2004年10月~2015年10月間流動(dòng)沙丘時(shí)空演變平穩(wěn)。(4)河北省昌黎縣保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)的海岸流動(dòng)沙丘未來50年退化趨勢明顯,流動(dòng)沙丘總面積變化較大,流動(dòng)沙丘面積減少達(dá)49.61hm2。
[Abstract]:Coastal sand dune is an important part of coastal beach system. Under the interaction of nature and human, the sediment part of sand dune beach system runs out of the system, which results in the sediment loss of the system. The loss of sand dunes causes herbaceous plants, birds and mammals to live in sand dunes. The diversity of amphibians and reptiles has been greatly damaged. There is an important correlation between coastal dunes and coastal biodiversity, and the degradation of coastal dunes destroys the integrity and diversity of coastal ecosystems. Therefore, the study of coastal sand dune resources in order to ensure the sustainable development of the coastal ecological environment is of great significance. This paper takes the daxu roof in Changli Gold Coast Nature Reserve as the research object. Based on GPS-RTK technique, the monitoring data of mobile dune in spring (May) and autumn (October) in Daxu roof were obtained and combined with multi-period remote sensing images. The dynamic evolution of mobile dunes was studied from two scales of year and year. The dynamic evolution factors of mobile dunes such as sand wind and synthetic wind were analyzed by SPSS22.0 software. The correlation analysis of natural factors, such as the height of flowing sand dunes, was carried out, with the aid of the state space analysis method and the analytic hierarchy process. Spearman rank correlation coefficient method and other methods are used to analyze the dynamic evolution trend of dapu dune on the gold coast of Changli. The results show that the dynamic evolution of the dune on the top of Daxu in Changli Gold Coast since October 2004. The overall height of the floating dune at the top of Daxu decreased to 1.47 m at the top of the ridge and 3.54 m on the saddle. The sand dune migrates toward the whole land, but the ridge line and slope bottom line at the junction line between the north and the middle section appear to migrate to the sea; The moving rate of the moving dune is quickened, the change of the slope toward the sea is faster than that of the slope to the land, and the slope to the sea is gradually steepening, and the steepening velocity to the slope is 0. 47 擄/ a, respectively. Although the interannual variation of the main wind speed in the area of Changli Daxu is stable, the annual change is obvious, and the spring with less rainfall is also favorable to the wind-sand movement in the windy season. The moving rate of mobile sand dunes from October to May is obviously larger than that from May to May, and the distance of ridge is about 1.7 m / a. The moving distance of slope foot line is about 0.4 m / a 路m ~ (3)) the location of mobile dune and the vegetation coverage around mobile dune are changed. The material supply of the mobile dune and the change of the body morphology of the mobile dune were used as indicators for the evaluation of the degeneracy of the mobile dune, and the evaluation of the evolution trend of the mobile dune was carried out with rs = -0.38. From October 2004 to October 2015, the spatiotemporal evolution of mobile dunes was stable. 4) the degradation trend of coastal mobile dunes in Changli County, Hebei Province, in the next 50 years is obvious. The total area of mobile dunes changed greatly, and the area of mobile dunes decreased by 49.61 hm2.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P737.1

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