發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-13 21:05

【摘要】：19世紀(jì)末,歐美國(guó)家的資本主義自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)進(jìn)入了白熱化階段,這些國(guó)家為了確保市場(chǎng)、增強(qiáng)各自實(shí)力,爭(zhēng)先恐后地向亞洲國(guó)家進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)侵略和思想、文化的滲透。面對(duì)西方的“沖擊”,亞洲國(guó)家尤其是中朝日三國(guó),都經(jīng)受了國(guó)家、民族、思想、文化等方面的“全面性危機(jī)”或“整體性危機(jī)”的考驗(yàn)�！拔鞣健痹凇皷|方”的“出現(xiàn)”,有著多重意義。如何解讀,這直接關(guān)涉著擺脫“危機(jī)”的實(shí)踐。當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)和朝鮮,日本所面臨著同樣的歷史任務(wù),即要實(shí)現(xiàn)前近代社會(huì)到近代化的資本主義社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)換；要不惜一切代價(jià)抵抗西歐列強(qiáng)的侵略,保障國(guó)家的獨(dú)立,克服半殖民地性的民族危機(jī)。1868年,日本的明治維新在文明開化和富國(guó)強(qiáng)兵的口號(hào)下,吸收西洋文明和文化,實(shí)現(xiàn)了國(guó)家近代化,得到了顯著的成效,把日本帶進(jìn)了資本主義國(guó)家的行列中,為周邊國(guó)家中國(guó)和朝鮮提供了新的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)�？梢哉f(shuō),中國(guó)的孫中山和朝鮮的金玉均在日本的影響下走向了革命和改革的道路,以日本明治維新為藍(lán)圖,針對(duì)國(guó)家存亡的危機(jī),提出了一系列反封建的、初期近代化思想,并且把建立近代國(guó)家的意志積極付諸于實(shí)踐。今天,中國(guó)和朝鮮都不同程度地實(shí)現(xiàn)了近代化。其中的曲折歷程以及經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)的深入反思對(duì)于我們更好地推動(dòng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展有著重要的歷史意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。孫中山和金玉均是中朝兩國(guó)近代化的積極開拓者,他們?yōu)閷?shí)現(xiàn)自己國(guó)家的近代化而獻(xiàn)出了畢生的精力。雖然他們最后未能實(shí)現(xiàn)近代化,但是他們的一系列近代化思想和實(shí)踐值得我們?nèi)ヌ接?通過借鑒兩者近代化思想的異同,促進(jìn)我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程。 一個(gè)人的成長(zhǎng)背景和歷史環(huán)境,對(duì)其思想形成和政治活動(dòng)起到非常重要的影響,雖然孫中山和金玉均所處的社會(huì)地位以及改革方式截然不同,但是在打破專制和建立民權(quán),通過一系列改革讓國(guó)家迅速富強(qiáng),維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán),重視對(duì)日關(guān)系,采用聯(lián)合的態(tài)度來(lái)抵制侵略、維護(hù)區(qū)域和平等方面卻表現(xiàn)出了很多相似點(diǎn)。因此,本論文在對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)和朝鮮的社會(huì)歷史背景及他們所受的思想因素進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上,從政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和對(duì)外思想方面入手,對(duì)他們所提出的一系列反映當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)情的近代化思想和政策進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)地比較,在總結(jié)其相似點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,分析和評(píng)價(jià)兩者思想在近代化歷史中的影響及其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century, the free competition of capitalism in European and American countries entered the stage of white-hot. In order to ensure the market and strengthen their respective strength, these countries scrambled to carry out economic aggression, ideological and cultural infiltration into Asian countries. In the face of the "shock" of the West, Asian countries, especially the three countries of China, North Korea and Japan, have withstood the test of "comprehensive crisis" or "holistic crisis" in the aspects of state, nation, thought, culture and so on. The appearance of the West in the East has many meanings. How to interpret this is directly related to the practice of getting rid of "crisis". At that time, China and Korea, Japan was faced with the same historical task, that is, to realize the transformation from the pre-modern society to the modern capitalist society; It is necessary to resist at all costs the aggression of Western European powers, safeguard national independence and overcome the semi-colonial national crisis. In 1868, Japan's Meiji Restoration absorbed Western civilization and culture under the slogan of civilized civilization and the strengthening of the armed forces. It brought Japan into the ranks of capitalist countries and provided new historical experience for neighboring countries China and North Korea. It can be said that under the influence of Japan, Sun Zhongshan of China and gold and jade of North Korea have both moved on the road of revolution and reform. Taking the Meiji Restoration of Japan as the blueprint, and in view of the crisis of survival and death of the country, they have put forward a series of anti-feudal and early modernizing ideas. And put the will of establishing modern country into practice actively. Today, both China and North Korea are modernizing to varying degrees. The tortuous course and deep reflection of experience and lessons have important historical and practical significance for us to promote the development of society better. Sun Zhongshan and Jinyu were both active pioneers in modernization of China and Korea, who devoted their life to the modernization of their country. Although they failed to realize modernization in the end, a series of modernization thoughts and practices of them are worth discussing, and the process of modernization of our country can be promoted by drawing on the similarities and differences of their modernization thoughts. A person's background and historical environment play a very important role in the formation of his thoughts and political activities. Although Sun Zhongshan and Jin Yu-yu are in a very different social position and reform style, they are breaking down autocracy and establishing civil rights. Through a series of reforms to enable the country to quickly become rich and strong, to safeguard national sovereignty, to attach importance to relations with Japan, to adopt a United attitude to resist aggression, and to maintain regional peace have shown many similarities. Therefore, on the basis of combing the social and historical background of China and North Korea and the ideological factors they were subjected to, this paper starts with the political, economic and foreign ideological aspects. A series of modernizing thoughts and policies which reflect the national conditions at that time are systematically compared. On the basis of summing up their similarities and differences, this paper analyzes and evaluates the influence of their thoughts in the history of modernization and their practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D09O2

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 江波;孫中山民權(quán)思想述略[J];黨史研究與教學(xué);1996年01期

2 章?lián)P定;近代中國(guó)向西方學(xué)習(xí)思潮中的孫中山與日本明治維新[J];廣東社會(huì)科學(xué);2004年05期

3 吳賢輝;;孫中山政治思想的幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)及其意義[J];重慶工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2007年11期

4 王忍之;;孫中山的政治思想[J];教學(xué)與研究;1956年12期

5 王愛琦;;孫中山的平均地權(quán)思想述評(píng)[J];寧波師院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1991年04期

6 秦國(guó)民;論孫中山的民權(quán)政治思想[J];洛陽(yáng)工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2001年04期

7 滕先軒;;孫中山的經(jīng)濟(jì)思想初探[J];青島建筑工程學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);1988年03期

8 鄭憲;淺談孫中山的民權(quán)思想[J];中央社會(huì)主義學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);1998年02期

9 吳慶第;;甲申政變——朝鮮近代化過程中的挫折[J];鄭州輕工業(yè)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年05期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張兆嶺;孫中山解決農(nóng)民問題思想述論[D];湘潭大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號(hào)：2377242