發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-14 13:02

  本文選題：芷江機(jī)場(chǎng) + 抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)�。� 參考：《吉首大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：1937年7月抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)全面爆發(fā)后,國(guó)民政府決定從南京遷都重慶繼續(xù)抗戰(zhàn)。對(duì)于重慶來說,芷江這個(gè)“全楚咽喉”對(duì)捍衛(wèi)大西南后方具有重要的軍事地位;于是,國(guó)民政府決定在芷江建設(shè)空軍基地。芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)從修建到改擴(kuò)建,動(dòng)用了大量的人力、物力、財(cái)力。芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)在抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期具有極其重要的作用,是抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期眾多軍用機(jī)場(chǎng)中歷史意義最為重大的一個(gè)。芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)有盟軍“遠(yuǎn)東第二大機(jī)場(chǎng)”之稱,這一山區(qū)機(jī)場(chǎng)在反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中具有不可忽視的軍事地位,發(fā)揮過重大作用。在抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期,它是國(guó)民黨重慶政府的前進(jìn)機(jī)場(chǎng),盟軍的重要軍事基地,當(dāng)時(shí)又是軍事保密的重點(diǎn)。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后期,中、美、蘇在芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)屯集了戰(zhàn)斗、轟炸、運(yùn)輸、偵察等各種類型的飛機(jī)五百多架。芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)空軍基地的中美戰(zhàn)機(jī)與昆明、重慶后方機(jī)場(chǎng)構(gòu)成了空中走廊,擔(dān)負(fù)著殲擊日機(jī),斷日補(bǔ)給線和對(duì)盟軍空中增援和對(duì)日占區(qū)軍事目標(biāo)施行轟炸任務(wù)。抗戰(zhàn)后期奪取了制空權(quán),為此日軍在1945年4月發(fā)動(dòng)了爭(zhēng)奪芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的湘西會(huì)戰(zhàn),芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)對(duì)于湘西會(huì)戰(zhàn)等戰(zhàn)役的具有影響重大。1945年8月21日,芷江舉行了代表中國(guó)抗戰(zhàn)勝利的受降儀式,日軍交出在華兵力部署圖。文章分為幾個(gè)部分:第一部分緒論:國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的研究,修建芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的緣由和必要性。通過查閱檔案史料和方志,結(jié)合田野調(diào)查芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)周邊地區(qū)的紀(jì)念館、檔案館、碑文等得到的資料發(fā)現(xiàn)在芷江修建機(jī)場(chǎng)的歷史原因和必要性。第二部分芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的修建:抗戰(zhàn)中芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的選址、民眾的招集和民工的使用、修建芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)付出的代價(jià)等�？箲�(zhàn)時(shí)期對(duì)芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的修建、改建及擴(kuò)建,完善導(dǎo)航設(shè)施等工程。第三部分是抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的功能及作用:抗日前期蘇聯(lián)空軍入駐芷江機(jī)場(chǎng),抗戰(zhàn)中期飛虎隊(duì)全面進(jìn)駐芷江機(jī)場(chǎng),駐芷江的各種戰(zhàn)機(jī)最多時(shí)達(dá)到500架,為此,還擴(kuò)充地勤保障、飛機(jī)修理、航油彈庫(kù)等機(jī)場(chǎng)設(shè)施。戰(zhàn)時(shí)芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)周邊的社會(huì)生活等都發(fā)生了變化。第四部分由芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)發(fā)動(dòng)的對(duì)日空戰(zhàn):芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的中美戰(zhàn)機(jī)擔(dān)負(fù)著殲擊日機(jī),斷日補(bǔ)給線和對(duì)盟軍空中增援和對(duì)日占區(qū)軍事目標(biāo)施行轟炸任務(wù)�？赵�常德、血戰(zhàn)衡陽(yáng)、三襲白螺磯,中美空軍的戰(zhàn)術(shù)戰(zhàn)法爭(zhēng)取了中國(guó)西南地區(qū)的制空權(quán)。第五部分芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)在抗日戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上發(fā)揮的作用研究及其在抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的歷史地位:日軍發(fā)動(dòng)了爭(zhēng)奪芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的湘西會(huì)戰(zhàn),從芷江基地起飛的中美戰(zhàn)機(jī)對(duì)于湘西會(huì)戰(zhàn)等戰(zhàn)役有至關(guān)重要的影響作用。第六部分結(jié)束語(yǔ),總覺了文章研究抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)修建這一歷史事實(shí),概述了芷江機(jī)場(chǎng)的特殊的戰(zhàn)略地位,
[Abstract]:After the War of Resistance against Japan broke out in July 1937, the National Government decided to move its capital from Nanjing to Chongqing.For Chongqing, Zhijiang, the "whole Chu throat", played an important military role in defending the rear of the southwest, so the National Government decided to build an air force base in Zhijiang.Zhijiang Airport from the construction to expansion, using a large number of human, material and financial resources.Zhijiang Airport played an extremely important role in the War of Resistance against Japan and was the most important one in the history of many military airports during the War of Resistance against Japan.Zhijiang airport is known as the second largest airport in the far East by Allied forces, and this mountainous airport has played an important role in the anti-fascist war.During the anti-Japanese War, it was the KMT Chongqing government's forward airport, an important Allied military base, and was also the focus of military secrecy.In the late years of the war, China, the United States, and the Soviet Union assembled more than 500 planes of various types, such as combat, bombing, transportation and reconnaissance at Zhijiang Airport.The Sino-American fighter planes in Zhijiang Airport Air Force Base, Kunming, and Chongqing rear airport constitute the air corridor, which is responsible for the task of fighting Japanese planes, breaking off Japan's supply lines, and carrying out air reinforcements to allies and bombing military targets in Japanese-occupied areas.In the late stage of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Japanese army seized the air power. For this reason, in April 1945, the Japanese army launched a battle for the western part of Hunan for Zhijiang Airport, which had a significant impact on such campaigns as the Battle of Western Hunan. On August 21, 1945,Zhijiang held a ceremony to represent China's victory in the War of Resistance, and Japanese troops handed over plans for deployment in China.The article is divided into several parts: the first part is introduction: domestic and foreign research on Zhijiang airport, the reason and necessity of building Zhijiang airport.The historical reasons and necessity of building the airport in Zhijiang are found by referring to the historical archives and local chronicles and combining with the field investigation of the memorials archives and inscriptions in the surrounding areas of Zhijiang Airport.The second part is the construction of Zhijiang airport: the site selection of Zhijiang airport in the Anti-Japanese War, the attraction of the people and the use of migrant workers, the price paid by the construction of Zhijiang airport and so on.During the War of Resistance against Japan, the construction, reconstruction and expansion of Zhijiang Airport and the improvement of navigation facilities.The third part is about the functions and functions of Zhijiang Airport during the Anti-Japanese War: in the early anti-Japanese period, the Soviet Air Force entered Zhijiang Airport. In the middle of the Anti-Japanese War, the Flying Tigers fully entered Zhijiang Airport, and the maximum number of fighters stationed in Zhijiang reached 500. For this reason,The expansion of ground support, aircraft repair, aviation fuel bomb depots and other airport facilities.During the war Zhijiang Airport around the social life has changed.The fourth part is the air war against Japan launched by Zhijiang Airport: the Chinese and American fighter planes at Zhijiang Airport are charged with the task of annihilating Japanese planes, breaking off Japan's supply lines, and carrying out air reinforcements against allied forces and bombing military targets in Japanese-occupied areas.Air Aid Changde, blood war Hengyang, three attacks on White Rocky, the Chinese-American Air Force tactical tactics to fight for southwest China's air power.The fifth part is about the role of Zhijiang Airport in the War of Resistance against Japan and its historical position in the War of Resistance against Japan.The Chinese-American fighter planes from Zhijiang base have a vital influence on the battles in western Hunan.The conclusion of the sixth part is that the article studies the historical fact that Zhijiang Airport was built in the War of Resistance against Japan, and outlines the special strategic position of Zhijiang Airport.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉首大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K265

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