【摘要】：本文通過對(duì)部分天主教堂的實(shí)地調(diào)查和相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的閱讀,研究在華中西合璧風(fēng)格的天主教堂的分型、分期和分區(qū)。 天主教堂的中西合璧風(fēng)格是融合了西方原有風(fēng)格和中國(guó)古典建筑特征后而形成的新的風(fēng)格。不過,并不是一座西式教堂有一些中式裝飾、楹聯(lián)字匾等元素或一座中式教堂有十字架、龕臺(tái)的安置就是中西合璧風(fēng)格的天主教堂。筆者認(rèn)為中西合璧風(fēng)格的天主教堂應(yīng)具有以下特點(diǎn)：中西合璧風(fēng)格的建筑要擁有雙方各自的建筑風(fēng)格特點(diǎn),且以平面、立面、屋頂?shù)葹橹饕u(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)存典型的中西合璧風(fēng)格的天主教堂主要有蘇州楊家橋天主堂、安慶天主堂、大同縣許堡天主堂、朔州上坡天主堂、貴陽北天主堂、磨西天主堂、石阡天主堂、昆明北京路天主堂、茨中天主教堂、大理天主堂、白漢洛天主教堂和崇州天主教堂。 筆者將以上十二座中西合璧風(fēng)格天主教堂分為六型。 Aa型：牌坊式主立面、西式平面、中式屋頂 Ab型：牌坊式主立面、西式平面、西式屋頂 Ba型：淡化主立面、西式平面、中式屋頂 Bb型：淡化主立面、西式平面、西式屋頂 C型：哥特式主立面、西式平面、中式屋頂 D型：中西融合式主立面、西式平面、西式屋頂 從選取的十二座中西合璧風(fēng)格的天主教堂的始建年代來看,橫跨兩個(gè)時(shí)期。第一個(gè)時(shí)期為1871年—1924年,從建筑風(fēng)格的角度可稱為融合期。第二個(gè)時(shí)期為創(chuàng)新期,從1924年—1939年。 上述十二座中西合璧風(fēng)格的天主教堂,筆者根據(jù)考古區(qū)系類型理論將之劃分為三大區(qū)域：華北、江南和西南地區(qū)。
[Abstract]:Based on the field investigation of some Catholic churches and the reading of relevant documents, this paper studies the classification, division and division of the Catholic churches in China with the combination of Chinese and western styles. The Chinese and western style of the Catholic Church is a new style formed by the combination of the original western style and the Chinese classical architectural features. However, it is not a western-style church with some Chinese decoration, couplets and other elements, or a Chinese church has a cross, the niche platform is the Chinese and Western style of the Catholic Church. The author thinks that the Catholic Church with Chinese and Western style should have the following characteristics: the architecture of Chinese and Western style should have their own architectural style characteristics, and the main criteria are plane, facade, roof and so on. Typical existing Chinese and Western Catholic churches are mainly the Yangjiaqiao Catholic Church in Suzhou, the Anqing Catholic Church, the Xubao Catholic Church in Datong County, the Shangpo Catholic Church in Shuozhou, the North Catholic Church in Guiyang, the Moxi Catholic Church and the Shipathian Catholic Church. Kunming Beijing Road Catholic Church, Zizhong Catholic Church, Dali Catholic Church, Baihanluo Catholic Church and Chongzhou Catholic Church. The author divides the twelve Chinese and western Catholic churches into six types. Aa type: archway main facade, western style plane, Chinese roof Ab type: archway main facade, western style plane, Western-style roof Ba type: desalinate main facade, western-style plane, Chinese roof Bb type: desalinate main facade, western-style plane, Western-style roof C type: Gothic main facade, Western-style plane, Chinese roof D: the main facade of Chinese and Western fusion, western plane, western roof from the selection of twelve Chinese and western style of the Catholic Church, across two periods. The first period was 1871-1924, from the architectural point of view can be called fusion period. The second period was innovation, from 1924 to 1939. According to the theory of archaeological floristic types, the above 12 Catholic churches are divided into three regions: North China, South Yangtze River and Southwest China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：K878.6

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本文編號(hào)：2213566