發(fā)布時間：2018-06-03 01:17

  本文選題：能耗均衡 + 交叉廣播　； 參考：《華北電力大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡在軍事國防、工農(nóng)業(yè)控制、衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療、環(huán)境監(jiān)測和搶險救災等領域都有廣泛的應用前景。路由算法的優(yōu)劣直接關系到無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡數(shù)據(jù)通信的性能。由于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡能量受限,如何節(jié)省能量使網(wǎng)絡中的節(jié)點能耗均衡以延長網(wǎng)絡的生存時間是無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡研究的一個關鍵問題。論文首先對比了洪泛Flooding、定向擴散DD、最小跳數(shù)MHC、低能耗分簇Leach和基于剩余能量的BRE-Flooding等WSN路由算法的優(yōu)缺點。接著論述了能量均衡的EBRT路由算法的具體過程,并采用NS2軟件對EBRT、MHC與BRE-Flooding路由算法的性能進行仿真,對比分析了節(jié)點能量使用、端到端的時延以及節(jié)點失效等網(wǎng)絡性能。仿真結果表明,EBRT算法在保持節(jié)點能耗均衡和降低網(wǎng)絡時延等方面具有明顯的優(yōu)勢。EBRT算法采用延遲轉發(fā)機制發(fā)送交叉廣播消息包,保證了全局路由信息更新的有效性和實時性,但是需要對路由消息包進行定時同步。針對該問題,論文提出了一種基于交叉廣播的路由同步機制,在交叉廣播數(shù)據(jù)包中增加時間字段,計算交叉廣播消息包生成的計時時間,并通過交換交叉廣播消息包進行節(jié)點時間同步。該路由同步算法不需要參考節(jié)點和逐級同步,消除了累積誤差,當個別節(jié)點失效時也不會影響算法整體的健壯性。最后,論文從擁塞檢測、擁塞避免和擁塞解除等方面研究了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡的擁塞控制問題,基于傳輸表制定了一種擁塞控制策略,可以解決無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡的擁塞問題。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) has a wide range of applications in military defense, industrial and agricultural control, health care, environmental monitoring and disaster relief. The routing algorithm is directly related to the performance of wireless sensor network data communication. Due to the limited energy of wireless sensor networks, how to save energy to equalize the energy consumption of nodes in the network to prolong the lifetime of the network is a key issue in wireless sensor networks. Firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of flooding, directional diffusion DDD, minimum hop number Leach, low energy consumption clustering Leach and residual energy based BRE-Flooding routing algorithm are compared. Then the specific process of energy balanced EBRT routing algorithm is discussed, and the performance of EBRT MHC and BRE-Flooding routing algorithm is simulated by NS2 software. The network performance such as node energy usage, end-to-end delay and node failure are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the EBRT algorithm has obvious advantages in maintaining the energy balance of nodes and reducing the network delay. The EBRT algorithm uses the delay forwarding mechanism to send the cross-broadcast message packets, which ensures the effectiveness and real-time of global routing information update. However, routing packets need to be synchronized periodically. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a routing synchronization mechanism based on cross broadcast, which adds time field to cross broadcast packet and calculates the timing time of cross broadcast message packet generation. The node time synchronization is carried out by exchanging cross-broadcast message packets. The routing synchronization algorithm does not need reference nodes and step by step synchronization, which eliminates the accumulated errors, and does not affect the robustness of the algorithm when individual nodes fail. Finally, this paper studies the congestion control of wireless sensor networks from the aspects of congestion detection, congestion avoidance and congestion relief. A congestion control strategy based on transport table is developed, which can solve the congestion problem of wireless sensor networks.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號：1970909