發(fā)布時間：2018-05-12 01:07

  本文選題：生命周期評價 + 經(jīng)濟性分析�。� 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以生命周期評價方法為基礎(chǔ)，以全生命周期的能源和環(huán)境排放計算模型為框架，分析墻體外保溫在其生命周期內(nèi)的能源消耗和環(huán)境排放。并以辦公建筑為研究對象，以哈爾濱、蘭州、武漢、昆明和廣州地區(qū)作為我國嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)、寒冷地區(qū)、夏熱冬冷地區(qū)、溫和地區(qū)和夏熱冬暖地區(qū)的代表城市，在Energy Plus的能耗計算平臺下分別對不同氣候區(qū)的墻體傳熱負(fù)荷進行模擬計算，以簡單墻體的傳熱能耗為參考基準(zhǔn)，探討各氣候區(qū)分別采用玻璃棉和聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板做外保溫材料的墻體的節(jié)能情況，從而結(jié)合墻體外保溫的生命周期評價結(jié)果，以建筑墻體外保溫的使用壽命為期限，分析辦公建筑墻體采用兩種保溫材料在不同的外保溫厚度、不同的墻體朝向時的節(jié)能減排效果。 同時結(jié)合經(jīng)濟性分析的方法，從墻體外保溫的全生命周期的經(jīng)濟投資角度出發(fā)，以經(jīng)濟成本回收年的概念來判斷墻體外保溫的建設(shè)投資是否可以通過墻體外保溫的節(jié)能效益在墻體外保溫的使用壽命內(nèi)得到有效的回收。 研究結(jié)果表明，各地區(qū)采用墻體外保溫措施都可以有效的降低墻體傳熱能耗。不過，從全生命周期的角度出發(fā)，考慮墻體外保溫本身的能源消耗和環(huán)境排放，當(dāng)建筑墻體外保溫使用壽命為20年時，哈爾濱、蘭州、武漢地區(qū)采用墻體外保溫的節(jié)能減排效果很好；廣州地區(qū)可以實現(xiàn)節(jié)能目標(biāo)，但只有在外保溫厚度為80mm時，才能實現(xiàn)低排放；昆明地區(qū)采用墻體外保溫在勉強實現(xiàn)節(jié)能的同時，會增加環(huán)境排放。 從墻體外保溫的全生命周期的經(jīng)濟性分析的角度來看，哈爾濱、蘭州、武漢地區(qū)的回收期限都在10年以內(nèi)，經(jīng)濟可行；廣州地區(qū)在保溫層厚度為80mm時，盡管回收期較長，但回收期也在20年以內(nèi)，因此也是基本經(jīng)濟可行的，昆明地區(qū)采用外保溫會造成資金浪費；相比玻璃棉而言，采用EPS外保溫的回收期較長，對于廣州地區(qū)的影響較大。 因此，在嚴(yán)寒、寒冷及夏熱冬冷地區(qū)做墻體外保溫不但可以節(jié)約成本，，還實現(xiàn)了節(jié)能減排，是一項促進環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展的有效工作，溫和地區(qū)采用外保溫并不明智，夏熱冬暖地區(qū)需要綜合考慮多方面因素，選擇合理的外保溫方式。 對兩種保溫材料的生命周期評價研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，EPS材料的整體環(huán)境影響要優(yōu)于玻璃棉，只是這種材料的環(huán)境排放較大，對全球變暖的影響較明顯，成本也較高，但由于其質(zhì)量輕、熱阻大、易于生產(chǎn)等特點，依然是目前市場上使用較普遍的一種保溫材料。
[Abstract]:Based on the life cycle evaluation method and the calculation model of energy and environment emission in the whole life cycle, this paper analyzes the energy consumption and environmental emission of the wall outer insulation in its life cycle. Taking the office buildings as the research object, Harbin, Lanzhou, Wuhan, Kunming and Guangzhou are regarded as the representative cities of our country in cold, hot summer and cold winter areas, mild areas and hot summer and warm winter areas. The heat transfer load of the wall in different climate regions is simulated on the platform of Energy Plus, and the heat transfer energy consumption of the simple wall is taken as the reference standard. This paper probes into the energy saving situation of the wall with glass cotton and polystyrene foam plastic board as the external insulation material in each climatic area, thus combining with the life cycle evaluation result of the external insulation of the wall, taking the service life of the external insulation of the building wall as the time limit, This paper analyzes the effect of energy saving and emission reduction when two kinds of insulation materials are used in office building wall with different external insulation thickness and different wall orientation. At the same time, with the method of economic analysis, from the point of view of economic investment in the whole life cycle of external wall insulation, The concept of economic cost recovery year is used to determine whether the construction investment of external wall insulation can be effectively recovered through the energy saving benefit of external wall insulation within the service life of external wall insulation. The results show that the heat transfer energy consumption of the wall can be effectively reduced by adopting the external wall insulation measures in all regions. However, from the point of view of the whole life cycle, considering the energy consumption and environmental emissions of the external wall insulation itself, when the service life of the building wall external insulation is 20 years, Harbin, Lanzhou, The energy saving and emission reduction effect of the outside wall insulation in Wuhan area is very good; the energy saving target can be achieved in Guangzhou area, but only when the external insulation thickness is 80mm, the low emission can be realized; the outside wall heat preservation in Kunming area is barely energy saving at the same time, Will increase environmental emissions. From the point of view of the economic analysis of the whole life cycle of heat preservation outside the wall, the recovery period in Harbin, Lanzhou and Wuhan is within 10 years, which is economically feasible. When the thickness of insulation layer in Guangzhou is 80mm, although the payback period is longer, However, the payback period is within 20 years, so it is also economic and feasible. In Kunming area, external insulation will cause waste of funds. Compared with glass cotton, the payback period of adopting EPS external insulation is longer, which has a greater impact on Guangzhou area. Therefore, in cold, cold and hot summer and cold winter areas, it can not only save the cost, but also achieve energy saving and emission reduction. It is an effective work to promote the sustainable development of the environment. It is not wise to use external heat preservation in mild areas. In hot summer and warm winter area, many factors should be taken into account, and reasonable external insulation should be chosen. The overall environmental impact of EPS is better than that of glass-cotton, but the environmental emission of EPS is larger, the effect on global warming is more obvious and the cost is higher, but the quality of EPS is light. Thermal resistance, easy to produce and other characteristics, is still widely used in the market insulation materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU111.41

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