湖南省某機(jī)械制造企業(yè)鑄造車間生產(chǎn)事故統(tǒng)計(jì)分析與安全評(píng)價(jià)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-08 10:07
【摘要】：鑄造生產(chǎn)過(guò)程的危險(xiǎn)性較大,生產(chǎn)工序繁復(fù),機(jī)械化水平較低。環(huán)境惡劣,工人體力作業(yè)多,文化素質(zhì)有限。鑄造生產(chǎn)過(guò)程因其行業(yè)特點(diǎn),涉及的危險(xiǎn)有害因素具有一定的特殊性,在一定條件下容易觸發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)化為事故,從而危及從業(yè)人員的生命安全,造成企業(yè)的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。本文搜集整理了湖南省某機(jī)械制造企業(yè)鑄造車間在1959-2016年期間發(fā)生的156起事故。并分別從事故總體情況、事故嚴(yán)重程度分布、事故所屬類型、事故作業(yè)過(guò)程、事故所處活動(dòng)階段、重傷以上事故類型、事故主要原因、傷亡人員性別、年齡、傷害部位、操作工種、事故發(fā)生時(shí)期等角度為切入點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了專項(xiàng)總結(jié),找出了在鑄造企業(yè)發(fā)生事故的普遍規(guī)律,并以此為依據(jù)制定了相應(yīng)的安全對(duì)策。同時(shí),本文構(gòu)建了安全評(píng)價(jià)模型:先應(yīng)用層次分析-模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法評(píng)價(jià)鑄造車間的原始安全狀況,再將預(yù)先危險(xiǎn)性分析與作業(yè)條件危險(xiǎn)性分析兩種方法結(jié)合,針對(duì)企業(yè)鑄造車間生產(chǎn)實(shí)際建立了“鑄造車間危險(xiǎn)有害因素辨識(shí)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)表”,制定并實(shí)施了安全對(duì)策,最后應(yīng)用層次分析-模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)實(shí)施效果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),得到經(jīng)過(guò)安全改善后的鑄造車間安全程度的結(jié)論。本論文搜集的事故數(shù)據(jù)跨年度57年,通過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析得出了在鑄造生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中應(yīng)予以關(guān)注的事故防范點(diǎn)。構(gòu)建的安全評(píng)價(jià)模型經(jīng)實(shí)踐驗(yàn)證也是可行的。研究結(jié)果對(duì)鑄造生產(chǎn)安全管理和評(píng)價(jià)工作有一定的指導(dǎo)作用,對(duì)研究人員查找鑄造企業(yè)事故規(guī)律,和其他領(lǐng)域安全工作及事故防范研究也有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The risk of foundry production process is great, the production procedure is complicated and the mechanization level is low. The environment is abominable, the worker physical work many, the cultural quality is limited. Because of the characteristics of the foundry industry, the dangerous and harmful factors involved in the foundry production process have certain particularities, which can easily be triggered into accidents under certain conditions, thus endangering the life safety of the employees and causing property losses in the enterprises. In this paper, 156 accidents occurred in the foundry workshop of a mechanical manufacturing enterprise in Hunan Province from 1959 to 2016 were collected and sorted. And respectively from the overall situation of the accident, the distribution of the severity of the accident, the type of accident, the operation process of the accident, the active stage of the accident, the type of accident above the serious injury, the main causes of the accident, the sex, age and location of the injured person, Operator type, accident occurrence period and other angles for the breakthrough point of statistical analysis. This paper summarizes the statistical analysis results, finds out the general rules of accidents in foundry enterprises, and draws up the corresponding safety countermeasures based on them. At the same time, the safety evaluation model is constructed in this paper: firstly, the original safety condition of foundry workshop is evaluated by the method of AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and then the two methods of pre-hazard analysis and working condition risk analysis are combined. In view of the actual production of foundry workshop, the paper establishes the "risk assessment table and identification of dangerous and harmful factors in foundry workshop", formulates and implements the safety countermeasures, and finally evaluates the effect of the implementation by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The conclusion of safety degree of foundry workshop after safety improvement is obtained. The accident data collected in this paper span 57 years. Through statistical analysis, the accident prevention points that should be paid attention to in the process of foundry production are obtained. The safety evaluation model is proved to be feasible by practice. The results can be used as a guide to the management and evaluation of foundry production safety, and also have some reference value for the researchers to find out the accident law of foundry enterprises, and to study safety work and accident prevention in other fields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG28
[Abstract]:The risk of foundry production process is great, the production procedure is complicated and the mechanization level is low. The environment is abominable, the worker physical work many, the cultural quality is limited. Because of the characteristics of the foundry industry, the dangerous and harmful factors involved in the foundry production process have certain particularities, which can easily be triggered into accidents under certain conditions, thus endangering the life safety of the employees and causing property losses in the enterprises. In this paper, 156 accidents occurred in the foundry workshop of a mechanical manufacturing enterprise in Hunan Province from 1959 to 2016 were collected and sorted. And respectively from the overall situation of the accident, the distribution of the severity of the accident, the type of accident, the operation process of the accident, the active stage of the accident, the type of accident above the serious injury, the main causes of the accident, the sex, age and location of the injured person, Operator type, accident occurrence period and other angles for the breakthrough point of statistical analysis. This paper summarizes the statistical analysis results, finds out the general rules of accidents in foundry enterprises, and draws up the corresponding safety countermeasures based on them. At the same time, the safety evaluation model is constructed in this paper: firstly, the original safety condition of foundry workshop is evaluated by the method of AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and then the two methods of pre-hazard analysis and working condition risk analysis are combined. In view of the actual production of foundry workshop, the paper establishes the "risk assessment table and identification of dangerous and harmful factors in foundry workshop", formulates and implements the safety countermeasures, and finally evaluates the effect of the implementation by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The conclusion of safety degree of foundry workshop after safety improvement is obtained. The accident data collected in this paper span 57 years. Through statistical analysis, the accident prevention points that should be paid attention to in the process of foundry production are obtained. The safety evaluation model is proved to be feasible by practice. The results can be used as a guide to the management and evaluation of foundry production safety, and also have some reference value for the researchers to find out the accident law of foundry enterprises, and to study safety work and accident prevention in other fields.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG28
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 陳秀芳;許利亞;劉曉春;王喜權(quán);;決策樹(shù)算法在裝備故障檢測(cè)中的應(yīng)用[J];兵工自動(dòng)化;2015年10期
2 多英全;劉W氶，
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