發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-15 09:06

  本文選題：離子液體 + 催化劑�。� 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：CO2是導(dǎo)致地球溫室效應(yīng)的主要原因,但CO2又是一種重要的化工資源,它具有分布廣泛、可循環(huán)利用、低廉、安全無(wú)毒等優(yōu)勢(shì)。將CO2經(jīng)過(guò)一系列反應(yīng)生成環(huán)狀碳酸酯是一種高效應(yīng)用CO2的重要途徑。離子液體具有可設(shè)計(jì)性強(qiáng)、操作簡(jiǎn)單、產(chǎn)率高、性能獨(dú)特、環(huán)境友好和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域廣泛等特點(diǎn),因此其被廣泛應(yīng)用于催化CO2合成環(huán)狀碳酸酯的研究。在CO2與環(huán)氧烷烴經(jīng)過(guò)催化劑催化生成環(huán)狀碳酸酯的反應(yīng)中,許多催化體系存在產(chǎn)率低、反應(yīng)條件苛刻等缺點(diǎn)。因此,需要對(duì)此類反應(yīng)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究。本文是選用帶氨基的離子液體來(lái)催化CO2與環(huán)氧烷烴合成環(huán)狀碳酸酯,論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：本文合成了咪唑環(huán)側(cè)鏈帶一個(gè)氨基的離子液體催化劑：1-氨丙基-3-丁基咪唑溴鹽([NH2pbim]Br)、1-氨丙基-3-丁基咪唑高錸酸鹽([NH2pbim][ReO4])、1-氨丙基-3-甲基咪唑溴鹽([NH2pmim]Br)、1-氨丙基-3-甲基咪唑高錸酸鹽([NH2pmim][ReO4])、1-氨丙基-3-乙烯基咪唑溴鹽([NH2pvim]Br)、1-氨丙基-3-乙烯基咪唑高錸酸鹽([NH2pvim][ReO4])、1-氨基乙基-3-乙烯基咪唑溴鹽([NH2evim]Br)、1-氨基乙基-3-乙烯基咪唑高錸酸鹽([NH2evim][ReO4])。之后對(duì)催化劑的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,以紅外(IR)、核磁共振氫譜(1HNMR)、質(zhì)譜(MS)驗(yàn)證其結(jié)構(gòu)。將得到的催化劑用于催化環(huán)氧氯丙烷和二氧化碳合成氯代碳酸酯反應(yīng),在反應(yīng)溫度為140℃、CO2初始?jí)毫��? Mpa的反應(yīng)條件下反應(yīng)2 h,酯產(chǎn)率為99.1%,其選擇性也高于99%。并將其在相同條件下進(jìn)行循環(huán)實(shí)驗(yàn),重復(fù)使用5次環(huán)狀碳酸酯的產(chǎn)率沒(méi)有明顯下降。本文接著合成了雙氨基咪畔類離子液體催化劑：1,3-二-氨乙基咪唑溴鹽([2NH2eim]Br)、1,3-二-氨乙基咪唑高錸酸鹽([2NH2eim]ReO4)、1,3-二-氨丙基咪唑溴鹽([2NH2pim]Br)、1,3-二-氨丙基咪唑高錸酸鹽([2NH2pim]ReO4)。之后對(duì)催化劑的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,以紅外(IR)、核磁共振氫譜(1HNMR)、質(zhì)譜(MS)驗(yàn)證其結(jié)構(gòu)。將制備得到的催化劑用于催化環(huán)氧氯丙烷和二氧化碳合成氯代碳酸反應(yīng),在反應(yīng)溫度為100℃、CO2初始?jí)毫��? Mpa的反應(yīng)條件下反應(yīng)2 h氯代碳酸丙烯酯的產(chǎn)率最高達(dá)99.5%,其選擇性也高于99%。并將其在相同條件下進(jìn)行循環(huán)實(shí)驗(yàn),重復(fù)使用5次發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)狀碳酸酯的產(chǎn)率沒(méi)有明顯下降。本文合成的一系列催化劑具有穩(wěn)定性好,活性強(qiáng),應(yīng)用于二氧化碳和環(huán)氧化物合成環(huán)狀碳酸酯反應(yīng)時(shí)無(wú)需助催化劑和其他溶劑,反應(yīng)條件溫和、便于循環(huán)利用等各種優(yōu)點(diǎn),適用于工業(yè)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)。
[Abstract]:CO2 is the main cause of Greenhouse Effect, but CO2 is an important chemical resource. It has the advantages of wide distribution, recycling, low cost, safety and non-toxicity.The formation of cyclic carbonate from CO2 through a series of reactions is an important approach for the efficient application of CO2.Ionic liquids are widely used in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates by catalytic CO2 because of their good designability, simple operation, high yield, unique performance, environmental friendliness and wide application fields.In the reaction of CO2 with epoxy-alkane to produce cyclic carbonate by catalyst, many catalytic systems have some disadvantages such as low yield and harsh reaction conditions.Therefore, such reactions need to be further studied.In this paper, the synthesis of cyclic carbonate from CO2 and epoxy alkanes was studied by using ionic liquids with amino groups.The main contents of this thesis are as follows: in this paper, the ionic liquid catalyst with one amino group in the side chain of imidazole has been synthesized. The imidazolium bromide salt ([NH2pbim] Br-1-aminopropyl-3- imidazolium perthenate [NH2pbim] [ReO4] 1-aminopropyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide salt) has been synthesized.[NH2pmim] 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium perrhenate ([NH2pmim] [ReO4] 1-aminopropyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide ([NH2pvim] NH2pvim] 1-aminopropyl-3-vinylimidazolium perrhenate [NH2pvim] [ReO4] 1-aminoethyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide ([NH2evim] 1-aminoethyl-3-vinyl-imidazolium hyperrhenium ([NH2evim] [ReO4]]).The structure of the catalyst was characterized by IR IR 1H NMR MS.The catalyst was used to catalyze the synthesis of chlorocarbonate from epichlorohydrin and carbon dioxide. Under the initial pressure of 1 Mpa at 140 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1753435