發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 18:53

【摘要】：隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展信息科技也不斷發(fā)展,對(duì)金屬目標(biāo)的探測(cè)與識(shí)別無(wú)論在軍用還是民用領(lǐng)域一直都屬于重要的研究方向。被動(dòng)毫米波因其波段優(yōu)勢(shì),能在煙、霧、塵等惡劣環(huán)境下辨別金屬目標(biāo),且隱蔽性強(qiáng),現(xiàn)階段在靈敏彈藥精確制導(dǎo)以及地面裝甲目標(biāo)偵查與反偵查方面取得了廣泛應(yīng)用。一般而言,現(xiàn)實(shí)中的金屬目標(biāo)均具有復(fù)雜的立體結(jié)構(gòu),相較于平面目標(biāo)有更復(fù)雜的輻射反射路徑,且其毫米波輻射圖像有更加混疊的邊緣不易提取其特征。本文針對(duì)立體金屬目標(biāo)的上述特點(diǎn)展開(kāi)研究,主要研究工作如下:(1)系統(tǒng)地分析了毫米波輻射的基本原理、毫米波輻射計(jì)系統(tǒng)和輻射計(jì)的定標(biāo)方法。利用不同的環(huán)境參數(shù)、大氣參數(shù)、介電常數(shù)、物理幾何特性等對(duì)天空、水泥地背景在3mm和8mm波段的輻射特性進(jìn)行了理論仿真,為金屬立體目標(biāo)輻射特性建模建立了背景基礎(chǔ)。(2)根據(jù)毫米波輻射測(cè)量的基本原理,以傳統(tǒng)的金屬平面目標(biāo)輻射特性的理論模型為基礎(chǔ),從規(guī)則的金屬立體目標(biāo)著手,采用面元分割法和射線追蹤法,對(duì)水泥地背景下的立體金屬目標(biāo)進(jìn)行了建模分析,得到其視在溫度的一維曲線。使用3mm和8mm輻射計(jì)對(duì)其輻射特性進(jìn)行測(cè)量,驗(yàn)證了對(duì)金屬立體目標(biāo)輻射路徑規(guī)劃的有效性。并采用網(wǎng)格法實(shí)測(cè)了金屬球和金屬柱的毫米波輻射圖像。(3)對(duì)不同背景環(huán)境,如崇明島海域的海面背景、校內(nèi)水泥地背景以及吸波材料背景下的典型形狀金屬目標(biāo)進(jìn)行了固定點(diǎn)位的輻射特性測(cè)量,分析了具體立體結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)目標(biāo)輻射特性的影響。進(jìn)一步地,針對(duì)不同陸地背景下(草地、沙地、水泥地)復(fù)雜金屬立體目標(biāo)進(jìn)行了外場(chǎng)輻射成像實(shí)驗(yàn),并結(jié)合活動(dòng)輪廓模型算法提取了目標(biāo)的邊緣信息。同時(shí),根據(jù)目標(biāo)圖像邊緣特征特性提出了一種快速提取目標(biāo)特征的算法,結(jié)果表明該算法能夠有效地提取目標(biāo)特征信息。對(duì)具有典型立體結(jié)構(gòu)的金屬目標(biāo)的建模分析、校內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)測(cè)、外場(chǎng)不同背景實(shí)測(cè)(不同類型陸地以及崇明島海域海面)的研究工作為下一步金屬立體目標(biāo)識(shí)別與動(dòng)態(tài)追蹤提供了理論與數(shù)據(jù)支撐。
[Abstract]:With the development of information technology, the detection and recognition of metal targets has always been an important research direction in both military and civil fields. Passive millimeter-wave is widely used in sensitive ammunition precision guidance and ground armor target detection and counter-detection because of its advantage in wave band and it can distinguish metal targets in smoke fog dust and other harsh environments and has strong concealment. In general, metal objects in reality have complex three-dimensional structures, which have more complex radiation reflection paths than planar targets, and it is difficult to extract features of millimeter wave radiation images with more overlapping edges. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the basic principle of millimeter wave radiation, the calibration method of millimeter wave radiometer system and the calibration method of millimeter wave radiometer are systematically analyzed. The radiation characteristics of the sky and cement background in 3mm and 8mm bands are simulated by using different environmental parameters, atmospheric parameters, dielectric constant and physical geometric characteristics. The background foundation for modeling the radiation characteristics of metallic stereoscopic targets is established. (2) according to the basic principle of millimeter-wave radiation measurement, based on the traditional theoretical model of radiation characteristics of metal planar targets, the regular solid targets are introduced. The solid metal object in cement ground is modeled and analyzed by means of plane partition method and ray tracing method, and the one-dimensional curve of apparent temperature is obtained. 3mm and 8mm radiometers are used to measure the radiation characteristics, which verifies the effectiveness of radiation path planning for metallic stereoscopic targets. The millimeter wave radiation images of metal balls and metal columns are measured by grid method. (3) the sea surface background of different background environments, such as Chongming Island, is studied. The radiation characteristics of metal targets with typical shape under the background of cement ground and absorbing materials were measured at fixed points and the effects of concrete solid structures on the radiation characteristics of the targets were analyzed. Furthermore, the outfield radiation imaging experiments were carried out for complex metal objects in different land backgrounds (grassland, sand, cement), and the edge information of the target was extracted by using active contour model algorithm. At the same time, according to the feature characteristics of target image edge, a fast algorithm for extracting target features is proposed. The results show that the algorithm can extract target feature information effectively. Modeling and Analysis of Metal objects with typical Stereoscopic structure, Laboratory measurements, The research work of different background measurements (different types of land and sea surface of Chongming Island) provides theoretical and data support for the next step of metal stereoscopic target recognition and dynamic tracking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN015

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本文編號(hào)：2231391