本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于電氣距離的復(fù)雜電網(wǎng)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)識(shí)別，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

第34卷 第1期 146 2014年1月5日 中 國(guó) 電 機(jī) 工 程 學(xué) 報(bào)

Proceedings of the CSEE Vol.34 No.1 Jan.5, 2014 ©2014 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng.

DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2014.01.017 文章編號(hào)：0258-8013 (2014) 01-0146-07 中圖分類號(hào)：TM 73

基于電氣距離的復(fù)雜電網(wǎng)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)識(shí)別

譚玉東1，李欣然1，蔡曄1，張宇棟2

(1．湖南大學(xué)電氣與信息工程學(xué)院，湖南省 長(zhǎng)沙市 410082；

2．浙江大學(xué)電氣工程學(xué)院，浙江省 杭州市 310058)

Critical Node Identification for Complex Power Grid Based on Electrical Distance

TAN Yudong1, LI Xinran1, CAI Ye1, ZHANG Yudong2

(1. College of Electrical Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province, China;

2. College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China)

ABSTRACT: It is extremely important to prevent blackouts to understand the mechanism of cascading failure propagation in power networks. The physical laws which govern the flow of power through network were studied. To solve the problem that classical complex network model can not explicitly incorporate the laws governing the flow of electricity within networks, the electrical distance between pairs of nodes was calculated according to superimposed principle based on the information contained in the character of power network. The characteristic identification model of power grid was built with a more comprehensible physical background than the existing model based on the electrical coupling connectivity metric which is defined according to electrical distance between nodes. Case study on IEEE test systems shows the internal heterogeneous structural characteristics of power grids. The electrical coupling connectivity metric was applied to critical nodes identification in power grids. The IEEE 39-bus system and regional power grid of Hunan province were analysed and the time domain simulation shows the presented indicator is more reasonable and effective than the topological degree.

KEY WORDS: critical node; complex network; electrical distance; node electrical coupling connectivity metric; scale-free property; vulnerability index

摘要：深入研究電力系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)特性及連鎖故障傳播機(jī)理對(duì)預(yù)防大停電事故至關(guān)重要。在分析電力網(wǎng)潮流分布機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)經(jīng)典復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型不能很好地結(jié)合決定網(wǎng)絡(luò)潮流分布定律的問題，提取蘊(yùn)含于電網(wǎng)特征參數(shù)中的物理信息，根據(jù)疊加原理計(jì)算得出電網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)間電氣距離，基于電氣距離提出了網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)電氣耦合連接度的概念。建立基于節(jié)點(diǎn)電氣耦合連接度的電力系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)特性辨識(shí)模型。與已有

基金項(xiàng)目：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(51137003，61233008)。 Project Supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (51137003, 61233008).

復(fù)雜電網(wǎng)模型相比，該模型更符合電力系統(tǒng)實(shí)際。通過對(duì)IEEE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)示例系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算，揭示電網(wǎng)內(nèi)在的異質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)特性，并將該指標(biāo)應(yīng)用于電力網(wǎng)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)識(shí)別。對(duì)IEEE 39節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)和湖南某地區(qū)電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算，時(shí)域仿真結(jié)果表明，所提指標(biāo)比拓?fù)涠戎笜?biāo)更為合理有效。

關(guān)鍵詞：關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)；復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)；電氣距離；節(jié)點(diǎn)電氣耦合連接度；無標(biāo)度特性；脆弱性指標(biāo)

0 引言

近年來，國(guó)內(nèi)外電力系統(tǒng)大停電事故頻發(fā)，尤其是印度“7 30”大停電事故，促使人們對(duì)電網(wǎng)安全提出了更高的要求[1-3]�，F(xiàn)代電網(wǎng)復(fù)雜性與日俱增，，傳統(tǒng)還原論方法已難以為繼。因此，迫切需要以系統(tǒng)論觀點(diǎn)深入研究電力網(wǎng)，揭示其本質(zhì)一般性規(guī)律。

現(xiàn)有電力系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)特性研究大多基于經(jīng)典復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型，從網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣嵌确治鲭娋W(wǎng)的結(jié)構(gòu)特性及其對(duì)故障傳播的影響。文獻(xiàn)[4-6]通過對(duì)中美典型電網(wǎng)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行比較并定性地分析了小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)特性對(duì)連鎖故障傳播的影響，研究表明大部分電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)屬于小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)，并認(rèn)為小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)較小的平均距離和較高聚類系數(shù)等性質(zhì)，對(duì)故障的傳播起到了推波助瀾的作用。文獻(xiàn)[7]進(jìn)一步說明了電力系統(tǒng)中存在少量的節(jié)點(diǎn)(線路)擁有遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于其它節(jié)點(diǎn)(線路)的介數(shù)，這些節(jié)點(diǎn)(線路)的缺失會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量最短路徑的重新分布，進(jìn)而引起系統(tǒng)連鎖故障。以上研究指出了電網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)脆弱性與連鎖故障發(fā)生機(jī)理之間的聯(lián)系。但并沒有很好地結(jié)合決定網(wǎng)絡(luò)潮流分布的基爾霍夫定律。針對(duì)該問題，有部分研究引入了與電力系統(tǒng)相關(guān)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能指標(biāo)或參量，文 獻(xiàn)[8]提出了帶權(quán)重的線路介數(shù)作為脆弱線路指標(biāo)

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于電氣距離的復(fù)雜電網(wǎng)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)識(shí)別，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。