沉船油艙高粘和固狀原油的傳熱性與流動性研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-05 08:44
【摘要】：能源的需求和大宗貨物的交易,海上運輸業(yè)變得愈發(fā)重要,船舶沉船事故也不可避免。沉船問題得不到解決,不僅可能造成海洋環(huán)境的污染,還可能影響海上航行安全,造成巨大的人身傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失。當(dāng)油艙外殼未出現(xiàn)受損破裂的情況下,應(yīng)及時利用水下抽油設(shè)備將油艙中貨油、燃料油轉(zhuǎn)移到海上安全船中,以防沉船起浮過程中發(fā)生溢油事故。高粘和固狀原油的水下抽油工作需要進(jìn)行再加熱,目前大多是根據(jù)經(jīng)驗展開,相關(guān)研究很少。基于以上原因,本文針對沉船油艙內(nèi)高粘和固狀原油的傳熱性與流動性進(jìn)行模擬分析。首先,本文采用CFD方法,運用計算流體力學(xué)軟件FLUENT,對沉船油艙的高粘原油區(qū)的計算域進(jìn)行了幾何建模,對油艙原油的降溫過程進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,得到了原油在降溫過程中的溫度場和速度場分布圖,并對比不同海水溫度下的油艙原油溫降規(guī)律。然后,對再加熱系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模,對高粘原油的升溫過程進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,分析加熱管多管不同位置、不同熱流密度、油艙內(nèi)不同原油高度對沉船油艙內(nèi)原油加熱時間的影響；并且,利用FLUENT中的凝固／融化模型模擬了固狀原油融化的相變過程,在考慮析蠟潛熱和液相區(qū)自然對流情況下,得到了不同熱流密度下油艙內(nèi)液相體積分?jǐn)?shù)隨時間的變化情況,并分析了相變界面的變化規(guī)律。通過本文的研究,得到沉船油艙內(nèi)原油不同條件下需要再加熱時間的規(guī)律,可以為沉船打撈的水下抽油工作提供理論依據(jù)。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：圖３．邋１水下抽油工作原理圖逡逑Ｔａｂ．邋３．１邋Ｗｏｒｋ邋ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓ邋ｏｆ邋ｕｎｄｅｒｗａｔｅｒ邋ｏｉｌ邋ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙ逡逑
[Abstract]:The demand for energy and the trading of bulk goods, the maritime transport industry has become more and more important, and ship sinking accidents are inevitable. If the sinking problem is not solved, it may not only cause pollution of the marine environment, but also affect the safety of maritime navigation, resulting in huge personal casualties and property losses. When the shell of the tank is not damaged and ruptured, the cargo oil and fuel oil in the tank should be transferred to the marine safety ship in time by using the underwater pumping equipment to prevent the oil spill accident during the process of sinking and floating. The underwater pumping of high viscosity and solid crude oil needs to be reheated. At present, most of them are based on experience, and the related research is rare. Based on the above reasons, the heat transfer and liquidity of high viscosity and solid crude oil in sunken tank are simulated and analyzed in this paper. Firstly, by using CFD method and computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT, the geometric modeling of the calculation area of high viscosity raw oil area in sunken tank is carried out, and the cooling process of crude oil in oil tank is simulated numerical. The temperature field and velocity field distribution map of crude oil in the cooling process are obtained, and the temperature drop laws of crude oil in different seawater temperatures are compared. Then, the reheating system is modeled, and the heating process of high viscosity crude oil is numerical simulated, and the effects of different positions of heating pipe, different heat flux and different crude oil height in the tank on the heating time of crude oil in sunken tank are analyzed. Moreover, the solidification / melting model in FLUENT is used to simulate the phase transition process of solid crude oil melting. Considering the latent heat of wax evolution and the natural convection in liquid phase region, the variation of liquid phase volume fraction with time under different heat flux is obtained, and the variation law of phase transition interface is analyzed. Through the study of this paper, the law of reheating time of crude oil in sunken tank under different conditions is obtained, which can provide theoretical basis for underwater oil extraction of sunken ship salvage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U698.7
本文編號：2510405
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：圖３．邋１水下抽油工作原理圖逡逑Ｔａｂ．邋３．１邋Ｗｏｒｋ邋ｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓ邋ｏｆ邋ｕｎｄｅｒｗａｔｅｒ邋ｏｉｌ邋ｒｅｃｏｖｅｒｙ逡逑
[Abstract]:The demand for energy and the trading of bulk goods, the maritime transport industry has become more and more important, and ship sinking accidents are inevitable. If the sinking problem is not solved, it may not only cause pollution of the marine environment, but also affect the safety of maritime navigation, resulting in huge personal casualties and property losses. When the shell of the tank is not damaged and ruptured, the cargo oil and fuel oil in the tank should be transferred to the marine safety ship in time by using the underwater pumping equipment to prevent the oil spill accident during the process of sinking and floating. The underwater pumping of high viscosity and solid crude oil needs to be reheated. At present, most of them are based on experience, and the related research is rare. Based on the above reasons, the heat transfer and liquidity of high viscosity and solid crude oil in sunken tank are simulated and analyzed in this paper. Firstly, by using CFD method and computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT, the geometric modeling of the calculation area of high viscosity raw oil area in sunken tank is carried out, and the cooling process of crude oil in oil tank is simulated numerical. The temperature field and velocity field distribution map of crude oil in the cooling process are obtained, and the temperature drop laws of crude oil in different seawater temperatures are compared. Then, the reheating system is modeled, and the heating process of high viscosity crude oil is numerical simulated, and the effects of different positions of heating pipe, different heat flux and different crude oil height in the tank on the heating time of crude oil in sunken tank are analyzed. Moreover, the solidification / melting model in FLUENT is used to simulate the phase transition process of solid crude oil melting. Considering the latent heat of wax evolution and the natural convection in liquid phase region, the variation of liquid phase volume fraction with time under different heat flux is obtained, and the variation law of phase transition interface is analyzed. Through the study of this paper, the law of reheating time of crude oil in sunken tank under different conditions is obtained, which can provide theoretical basis for underwater oil extraction of sunken ship salvage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U698.7
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)會議論文 前1條
1 岳丹婷;楊國剛;呂欣榮;張瑞書;;油輪貨油最佳加熱時間計算[A];中國航海學(xué)會2006年度學(xué)術(shù)交流會優(yōu)秀論文集[C];2007年
，本文編號：2510405
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