【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,機動車數(shù)量的不斷增長,交通擁堵問題、能源問題、環(huán)境問題日益突出,自行車這種“綠色”交通工具,重新得到人們的重視。公共自行車作為一種創(chuàng)新型自行車交通模式,被推廣于各大城市。建立公共自行車系統(tǒng),鼓勵更多的出行者采用非機動車的出行方式,是提高城市交通運行效率以減少環(huán)境污染的有效途徑。本文首先對公共自行車的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了分析,包括公共自行車發(fā)展歷程,公共自行車的使用條件及出行模式,公共自行車在城市交通系統(tǒng)中的功能定位(作為城市公交系統(tǒng)的輔助與補充,與城市軌道換乘)。其次以西安市為例,對居民的出行特征及騎行環(huán)境進(jìn)行了分析,并根據(jù)租賃點周邊的用地屬性(居住用地、商業(yè)用地、行政辦公用地)對站點進(jìn)行分類。對每類站點中部分站點公共自行車的使用情況進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計,并對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了深入的分析,計算出各站點各個時段借還系數(shù),高峰小時借還系數(shù)。然后從使用時間,個體屬性,出行特征三方面對西安公共自行車的使用特征進(jìn)行了總結(jié)分析。最后根據(jù)前面對西安公共自行車使用特征的分析,提出了影響公共自行車借還需求的因素,并按照層次分析法對影響因素進(jìn)行分析篩選,即月收入,出行距離,出行耗時,用地屬性這個因素對借還需求影響相對較大。然后利用隨機效用理論建立公共自行車需求預(yù)測模型,并利用該模型對西安市居住點、商業(yè)點、行政辦公點的公共自行車借還需求量進(jìn)行預(yù)測。同時利用公共自行車的周轉(zhuǎn)率及停車樁周轉(zhuǎn)率對公共自行車租賃點自行車及停車樁數(shù)量進(jìn)行規(guī)模測算。根據(jù)現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)對公共自行車站點的選址及布局提出了一些思路,利用現(xiàn)在的布局思路對已建成的部分租賃點進(jìn)行了分析,并判斷其合理性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of economy, the increasing number of motor vehicles, traffic congestion, energy problems, environmental problems are increasingly prominent, bicycle, such as "green" means of transport, people pay more attention to. As an innovative bicycle traffic mode, public bicycle has been extended to major cities. It is an effective way to improve the efficiency of urban traffic and reduce environmental pollution by establishing public bicycle system and encouraging more travelers to adopt non-motor vehicle mode. First of all, this paper analyzes the system of public bicycle, including the development of public bicycle, the use conditions and travel mode of public bicycle. The function orientation of public bicycle in urban transportation system. Secondly, taking Xi'an as an example, this paper analyzes the travel characteristics and riding environment of residents, and classifies the sites according to the land properties (residential land, commercial land, administrative office land) around the lease point. This paper makes statistics on the usage of public bicycle in some stations of each kind of stations, and analyzes the data in depth, and calculates the borrowing and returning coefficient of each station in each period, and the coefficient of borrowing and returning in peak hour. Then the usage characteristics of Xi'an public bicycle are summarized and analyzed from three aspects: using time, individual attributes and travel characteristics. Finally, according to the analysis of the characteristics of Xi'an public bicycle, the paper puts forward the factors that affect the demand of public bicycle loan, and analyzes the factors according to AHP, that is, monthly income, travel distance, travel time, etc. Land use attribute this factor to borrow to return demand influence relatively big. Then the demand forecasting model of public bicycle is established by using stochastic utility theory, and the demand of public bicycle loan and return in Xi'an residential, commercial and administrative offices is forecasted by the model. At the same time, the scale of the bicycle and the number of the parking pile at the rental point of the public bicycle are calculated by using the turnover rate of the public bicycle and the turnover rate of the parking pile. Based on the existing data, this paper puts forward some ideas on the location and layout of the public bicycle station, analyzes some leasing points that have been built by using the present layout ideas, and judges its rationality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.225

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本文編號：2350965