發(fā)布時間：2018-06-25 23:25

  本文選題：納米材料 + Mg(OH)2�。� 參考：《新疆大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：鎂基、鋁基納米材料是一種非常重要的納米材料,在陶瓷、油漆、催化、水處理領域都有很廣泛的應用。與其它納米材料相比,鎂基、鋁基納米材料的優(yōu)點在于:來源廣泛、原料成本低,對環(huán)境無污染,應用廣泛,可以組成多種不同用途的功能納米材料,制備方法較多,這使得鎂基、鋁基納米材料在實際應用中具有非常大的優(yōu)勢。近年來,人們已經采用不同的合成方法合成出不同形貌和尺寸的鎂基、鋁基納米材料,并研究了其在各個領域的應用。前人的研究表明,有效地控制納米材料的形貌、尺寸、組成和比表面積等可以提高納米材料的性能。因此,開發(fā)一個不同的合成方法,設計并制備出尺寸、形貌、組成可控的鎂基、鋁基納米材料,改善和提高其性能從而增加其應用前景,是非常有必要的。本文,首先通過兩相溶劑熱法制備出了單分散的Mg(OH)2納米片和層紋狀的MgO納米結構,并考察了其對剛果紅的吸附性能。其次,通過兩相溶劑熱法制備出了不同形貌的AlOOH納米材料,并通過焙燒法得到了形貌保持的Al2O3納米材料,然后考察了對剛果紅的吸附性能。再次,我們通過兩相溶劑熱法制備出了片狀的Mg/Al-LDH納米材料,同時又通過兩種方法在Mg/AlLDH納米片上負載了一定量的TiO2,并考察了其光催化性能。首先,以硝酸鎂、油酸鈉、氫氧化鈉為原料通過兩相溶劑熱制備出了單分散的Mg(OH)2納米片,并利用X射線粉末衍射(XRD)和透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)對產物的結構和形貌進行了分析。產物的XRD和TEM結果表明,產物是正交晶系的Mg(OH)2,尺寸大約在50 nm。同時考察了Mg(OH)2納米片對剛果紅(CR)的吸附性能。所得到的Mg(OH)2納米片對CR具有超強的吸附性能,在CR的濃度為1000 mg L-1,其最大吸附容量可以達到1820 mg g-1。又通過焙燒附著有CR的Mg(OH)2納米片,得到了層紋狀的MgO納米結構。通過實驗,我們進一步發(fā)現層紋狀的MgO納米結構展現了對CR更好的吸附能力,在CR的濃度為1600 mg L-1,其最大吸附容量可以達到2650 mg g-1。此外,我們合成的MgO展現了很強的吸附再生能力,循環(huán)吸附五次之后其吸附能力基本沒有變化。其次,我們在不同的反應溫度下經兩相溶劑熱法合成了不同形貌的AlOOH納米材料,又經過焙燒法制備出了形貌保持的Al2O3納米材料,并研究了產物對剛果紅的吸附性能。所合成的系列產物利用XRD、TEM、比表面積測試等手段進行了表征。結果表明我們合成了碎片狀、棒狀、片狀和多層堆積的AlOOH納米結構。同時,我們也探討了不同形貌AlOOH納米材料的形成過程,并提出了可能的形成機理。通過對剛果紅的吸附實驗,棒狀的Al OOH納米材料對剛果紅的吸附能力最強,其最大的吸附容量可以達到416.7 mg g-1。通過系統的剛果紅的吸附實驗表明,Al2O3納米棒對CR的吸附符合準二級吸附速率方程和Langmuir吸附模型。最后,通過兩相溶劑法制備出了不同形貌的Mg/Al-LDH納米材料,然后又通過水熱法和涂層法制備出了TiO2/Mg/Al-LDO納米材料。并通過XRD、TEM、SEM等手段對產物進行了物相和形貌表征。同時,考察了合成過程中反應溫度、反應時間、反應pH值、Mg/Al比例等因素對產物形貌和結構的影響。然后我們又考察了TiO2/Mg/Al-LDO納米材料對模擬染料亞甲基藍溶液的光催化性能。實驗結果表明所合成的TiO2/Mg/Al-LDO復合材料在紫外燈的照射下對于降解模擬染料亞甲基藍具有了較為優(yōu)異的光催化性能。
[Abstract]:Magnesium based, aluminum based nanomaterials are very important nanomaterials. They are widely used in the fields of ceramics, paint, catalysis and water treatment. Compared with other nanomaterials, magnesium based and aluminum based nanomaterials have the advantages of wide sources, low cost of raw materials, no pollution to the environment, wide application, and a variety of functions that can be made up of different uses. Rice materials and preparation methods have made magnesium based, aluminum based nanomaterials very advantageous in practical applications. In recent years, different synthetic methods have been used to synthesize different morphologies and sizes of magnesium based, aluminum based nanomaterials, and their applications in the various domains have been studied. Previous studies have shown that the effective control of nanometers. The morphology, size, composition and specific surface area of the material can improve the properties of nanomaterials. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a different synthetic method, design and prepare the size, morphology, composition of controllable magnesium base, aluminum based nanomaterial, improve and improve its properties and increase its application prospects. The monodisperse Mg (OH) 2 nanoscale and laminar MgO nanostructures were prepared by the method of heat flux, and the adsorption properties for Congo red were investigated. Secondly, the AlOOH nanomaterials with different morphologies were prepared by the two phase solvothermal method, and the Al2O3 nanomaterials maintained by the roasting method were obtained. Then the adsorption of Congo red was investigated. Again, we have prepared a sheet like Mg/Al-LDH nanomaterial by two phase solvothermal method. At the same time, a certain amount of TiO2 was loaded on Mg/AlLDH nanoscale by two methods, and its photocatalytic performance was investigated. First, the monodisperse Mg (OH) 2 Nana was prepared by the two phase solvent heat of magnesium nitrate, sodium oleate and sodium hydroxide. The structure and morphology of the products were analyzed by X ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of XRD and TEM showed that the products were Mg (OH) 2 of the orthogonal crystal system, and the adsorption properties of Mg (OH) 2 nanometers to the red (CR) were investigated at the same time in the size of 50 nm.. The super adsorption capacity is 1000 mg L-1 at the concentration of CR, the maximum adsorption capacity can reach 1820 mg g-1. and Mg (OH) 2 nanoscale by roasting and attaching CR. The layer like MgO nanostructure is obtained. Through the experiment, we further discover that the layer like MgO nanostructure shows a better adsorption capacity for CR, and the concentration of CR is 1600 G L-1, the maximum adsorption capacity can reach 2650 mg g-1., and our synthesized MgO exhibits strong adsorption and regeneration ability. After five cycles adsorption, the adsorption capacity is basically unchanged. Secondly, we synthesized different morphologies of AlOOH nanomaterials by two phase solvothermal method at different reaction temperatures and prepared by roasting method. The Al2O3 nanomaterials with retained morphology were produced and the adsorption properties of the products to Congo red were studied. The synthesized products were characterized by XRD, TEM, surface area test and other means. The results showed that we synthesized the AlOOH nanostructures of debris, rod, flake and multilayer accumulation. At the same time, we also explored the different morphology of AlOOH nanoscale. The formation process of rice material and possible formation mechanism are proposed. Through the adsorption experiment on Congo red, the adsorption capacity of Al OOH nanomaterials on Congo red is the strongest. The maximum adsorption capacity can reach 416.7 mg g-1. through the system of Congo red adsorption experiment shows that the adsorption of Al2O3 nanorods on CR is in accordance with the quasi two class adsorption. Rate equation and Langmuir adsorption model. Finally, Mg/Al-LDH nanomaterials with different morphologies were prepared by two phase solvent method. Then, TiO2/Mg/Al-LDO nanomaterials were prepared by hydrothermal method and coating method. The properties and morphology of the products were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM and so on. At the same time, the reaction temperature in the synthesis process was investigated. The influence of degree, reaction time, reaction pH value, Mg/Al ratio on the morphology and structure of the product. Then we also examined the photocatalytic properties of the TiO2/Mg/Al-LDO nano materials for the simulated dye Ya Jiaji blue solution. The results showed that the synthesized TiO2/Mg/Al-LDO composite was irradiated by ultraviolet light for the degradation of simulated dye Ya Jiaji. Blue has excellent photocatalytic properties.
【學位授予單位】：新疆大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB383.1;X788;X791

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