發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-23 09:55

  本文選題：新型城鎮(zhèn)化 + 金融服務(wù)　； 參考：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：工業(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展必然致使生產(chǎn)要素空間集聚從而帶來(lái)城鎮(zhèn)化現(xiàn)象。由于認(rèn)識(shí)不夠,我國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)前期出現(xiàn)諸如重“硬件”輕“軟件”、忽視環(huán)境保護(hù)等問(wèn)題,黨的十八大會(huì)議提出城鄉(xiāng)一體、區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)、產(chǎn)城互動(dòng)的新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略。新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)儼然成為我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型、消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)的重要?jiǎng)恿χ�一。金融在新型城�?zhèn)化建設(shè)進(jìn)程中發(fā)揮著重要作用,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展也為金融行業(yè)帶來(lái)難得的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。金融業(yè)如何在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可控條件下更好地支持城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)則是當(dāng)前亟須解決的問(wèn)題。本文結(jié)合定性、定量分析方法,綜合城市經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、人口經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、金融學(xué)等學(xué)科的理論研究方法對(duì)這一問(wèn)題展開(kāi)規(guī)范和實(shí)證研究,以求獲得全面合理的研究結(jié)論并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出相關(guān)建議。 新型城鎮(zhèn)化的重要性不言而喻,金融服務(wù)在新型城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程中的重要作用也不言自明。金融支持城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的研究主要有三個(gè)方面,其一,城鎮(zhèn)化與金融發(fā)展相關(guān)性研究；其二,金融支持城鎮(zhèn)化中存在的困境及其原因；其三,金融支持城鎮(zhèn)化的路徑選擇研究。本文亦從這三個(gè)方面綜合全面地剖析金融服務(wù)城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的問(wèn)題。 資本、人力等生產(chǎn)要素天生具有逐利性,往往會(huì)自發(fā)地流向效率高的領(lǐng)域,形成生產(chǎn)要素的空間集聚。生產(chǎn)要素一定程度的空間集聚往往使得生產(chǎn)效率提升、生活成本下降,實(shí)現(xiàn)集聚經(jīng)濟(jì),也在一定程度上輻射周邊地區(qū)的發(fā)展。農(nóng)業(yè)部門產(chǎn)出率獲得提升頗難,人口卻持續(xù)增加,致使農(nóng)村剩余人口的出現(xiàn)。相較于農(nóng)業(yè)部門,工業(yè)部門具有生產(chǎn)資料可再生、資源利用效率更高、勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率更高等特點(diǎn),這恰好吸引農(nóng)業(yè)剩余人口轉(zhuǎn)向工業(yè)部門生產(chǎn),引發(fā)城鎮(zhèn)化現(xiàn)象。而金融體系的出現(xiàn)、金融效率的提升,為資金結(jié)余者和資金短缺者提供了更為便利、信息更為廣泛的融通渠道,提高了資金使用效率、生產(chǎn)要素集聚效率,擴(kuò)大了市場(chǎng)規(guī)模,促進(jìn)工業(yè)部門、農(nóng)業(yè)部門生產(chǎn)效率提高,推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,惠及城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展。 此前由于金融發(fā)展水平有限,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展認(rèn)識(shí)不全面等原因,金融對(duì)于城鎮(zhèn)化的支持主要局限于信貸資金的支持。新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)背景下,要實(shí)現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)化與工業(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展,信貸支持之外的金融服務(wù)對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)化的支持必不可少,如農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)、直接融資渠道等等�；�于當(dāng)前我國(guó)新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中的信貸資金、農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)、資本市場(chǎng)直接融資、抵押擔(dān)保、社會(huì)保障體系等金融服務(wù)的供需情況分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)金融服務(wù)新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中存在著數(shù)量上供給不足；結(jié)構(gòu)上供需失衡；金融效率低下；金融從業(yè)人員服務(wù)意識(shí)淡薄等情況。 理論上來(lái)說(shuō),金融體系的發(fā)展有利于提升儲(chǔ)蓄向投資轉(zhuǎn)化的效率,從而促進(jìn)資本、勞動(dòng)力、技術(shù)等生產(chǎn)要素的空間集聚,推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展。城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展擴(kuò)大了市場(chǎng)規(guī)模,有利于提升金融機(jī)構(gòu)的盈利、推動(dòng)金融制度改革從而促進(jìn)金融發(fā)展。新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)背景下,金融服務(wù)可以在城鎮(zhèn)基建及經(jīng)濟(jì)、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化升級(jí)和農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口市民化三個(gè)方面支持城鎮(zhèn)化的建設(shè)。基于新型城鎮(zhèn)化“以人為核心”的定位,本文選取了戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率作為城鎮(zhèn)化水平的衡量指標(biāo)；選用了金融相關(guān)率(FIR)、存貸款總額與GDP比值(FS)和貸款余額與存款余額之比(FE)分別作為金融深化、金融規(guī)模、金融效率的衡量指標(biāo)。通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)1990年到2013年間的數(shù)據(jù)建模分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：中長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展與金融發(fā)展存在著相互促進(jìn)的互動(dòng)關(guān)系,金融發(fā)展對(duì)于城鎮(zhèn)化的影響顯著且可持續(xù),城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展對(duì)于金融的影響顯著但逐漸減小。金融支持城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)是必要的,也是可行的；城鎮(zhèn)化促進(jìn)金融發(fā)展也是可能的。 現(xiàn)實(shí)實(shí)踐中,由于經(jīng)濟(jì)、政策、體制、金融生態(tài)環(huán)境等原因,金融服務(wù)城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展存在諸多困境。以資金為主的生產(chǎn)要素天生逐利,財(cái)政資金對(duì)一些薄弱領(lǐng)域的資金支持往往被金融體系吸收用于其他發(fā)展。農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展不足以滿足新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的基本需求,一定程度上阻礙了新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)的發(fā)展。而城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的公益性與金融機(jī)構(gòu)的盈利性也天生矛盾。由于民間資本參與城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)、城鎮(zhèn)化項(xiàng)目資本市場(chǎng)直接融資等渠道都尚未完善,城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中金融服務(wù)供需失衡,當(dāng)前城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)資金來(lái)源主要依賴財(cái)政支持,財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)大。 作為一個(gè)包羅新型農(nóng)村建設(shè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)化升級(jí)、工業(yè)化發(fā)展、轉(zhuǎn)移農(nóng)業(yè)人口市民化的系統(tǒng),新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中需要金融服務(wù)的項(xiàng)目很多。而金融如何在資源有限,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可控條件下支持城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)則是更為需要關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。基于新型城鎮(zhèn)化內(nèi)涵框架,本文選取了工業(yè)化(IL)、農(nóng)業(yè)部門效率(AP)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)(IC)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)(IS)、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展(SME)5個(gè)因素作為影響城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的要素,基于我國(guó)1998年至2013年間的數(shù)據(jù)建模分析發(fā)現(xiàn),5個(gè)因素與城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展互為格蘭杰原因,短期內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)部門效率、工業(yè)化、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展與城鎮(zhèn)化呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,而基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)由于占用城鎮(zhèn)化相關(guān)資源而與城鎮(zhèn)化呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。工業(yè)化、農(nóng)業(yè)部門生產(chǎn)效率、中小企業(yè)等的發(fā)展對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)化的推動(dòng)作用明顯,而產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)作為“砍柴”前的“磨刀”之舉與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)作為“生火”后的“添薪”之為對(duì)于城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展的促進(jìn)作用雖然不明顯但亦不容忽視。 基于上述研究,本文提出以下建議,期望能有助于金融服務(wù)新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)發(fā)展：①注重金融創(chuàng)新以滿足新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中的金融服務(wù)需求；②加.快利率市場(chǎng)化改革,建立城鎮(zhèn)化多元化融資渠道；③重視城鎮(zhèn)化輻射領(lǐng)域如農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化、工業(yè)化等的金融支持,促進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Industrialization and modernization will inevitably lead to the agglomeration of production factors and bring about urbanization . In the early stage of urbanization construction in China , such as " hardware " light " software " and neglect of environmental protection , the Party ' s 18th meeting put forward a new type of urbanization strategy , such as " hardware " light " software " , neglect of environmental protection and so on . The new urbanization construction has become one of the important driving forces in the transformation of economic structure , adjustment of consumption structure and industrial structure .

The importance of the new urbanization is self - evident , and the important role of financial services in the new urbanization process is self - evident .
Second , the financial support of the predicament existing in the urbanization and its causes ;
Third , financial support urbanization path choice research . This paper also comprehensively analyzes the problem of the urbanization construction of financial services from these three aspects .

The production efficiency of the agricultural sector is improved , the living cost is reduced , the production efficiency is higher , the labor productivity is higher and the like . The production efficiency of the agricultural sector is improved , the production efficiency of the production element is improved , the market size is promoted , the production efficiency of the agricultural sector is improved , the economic development is promoted , and the urbanization development is benefited .

Because of the limited financial development level and the incomplete understanding of urbanization , the support of the finance to urbanization is mainly limited to the support of credit funds . In the context of the new urbanization construction , it is necessary to realize the coordination of urbanization and industrialization , modernization , agricultural industrialization , sustainable development , direct financing channel and so on . Based on the analysis of the supply and demand of credit funds , agricultural insurance , direct financing of capital market , mortgage guarantee and social security system in China ' s new urbanization construction , it is found that there are insufficient supply of financial services in the construction of urbanization .
imbalance of supply and demand on structure ;
Inefficient financial efficiency ;
The service consciousness of the financial practitioners is light and so on .

On the theory , the development of the financial system is beneficial to the promotion of the efficiency of the transformation of savings to investment , so as to promote the spatial agglomeration of productive elements such as capital , labor and technology , and promote the development of urbanization . Under the background of urbanization , financial services can support the construction of urbanization in the three aspects of urban infrastructure and economy , industrial upgrading of agricultural industrialization and urbanization .
Through the data modeling and analysis between 1990 and 2013 , it is found that the development of urbanization and the financial development are mutually reinforcing , the influence of the financial development on the urbanization is remarkable and sustainable , the urbanization development has a remarkable influence on the finance but gradually decreases . It is necessary and feasible to support the construction of urbanization .
Urbanization is also possible to promote financial development .

In practice , because of economic , policy , system , financial ecological environment and so on , there are many difficulties in the urbanization development of financial services . The financial resources mainly depend on the financial resources for other development . The rural financial development is not enough to meet the basic demand of the new urbanization construction . The rural financial development is not enough to meet the basic demand of the new urbanization construction .

On the basis of the data modeling and analysis between 1998 and 2013 , five factors , such as industrial ( IL ) , agricultural sector efficiency ( AP ) , infrastructure construction ( IC ) , industrial structure upgrading ( IS ) and small and medium - sized enterprises ( SME ) , have positive correlation with urbanization .

Based on the above research , the following suggestions are put forward , which can help the development of the new urbanization of financial services : ( 1 ) pay attention to financial innovation to meet the demand of financial services in the construction of new urbanization ;
( 2 ) The market - oriented reform of fast interest rate and the establishment of diversified financing channels ;
( 3 ) Pay attention to the financial support in the field of urbanization , such as agriculture industrialization and industrialization , and promote the sustainable development of urbanization .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832;F299.21

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