【摘要】：課外體育活動是學(xué)校教育的組成部分,是學(xué)校體育的重要內(nèi)容,它既是學(xué)校體育課堂教學(xué)的延伸,又是體育教育的第二課堂。但是,課外體育活動相對于體育課來說,具有自己的體系和相對獨立性。課外體育活動有著不同于體育課的特色,如參與項目靈活、時間及空間也不受約束等,這彌補了體育課的不足。課外體育活動作為防治現(xiàn)代兒童近視、肥胖、發(fā)育不良等問題的一劑良藥,努力為當代學(xué)生建立起健康文明的生活方式,改善和提高身體素質(zhì)起到了關(guān)鍵性的作用。小學(xué)生正處生長發(fā)育的關(guān)鍵期,除要求及時補充營養(yǎng)外,參與體育鍛煉也必不可少,相對于體育課而言,學(xué)生在課外參與的體育鍛煉更有利于促進身心發(fā)展,對培養(yǎng)興趣,以及豐富課余生活具有重要意義。本文運用文獻資料法、實地觀察法、問卷調(diào)查法及數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計法等方法對烏魯木齊市小學(xué)生參與課外體育活動整體情況進行調(diào)查研究,從學(xué)校及家庭對學(xué)生參與的認知程度、學(xué)校體育資源狀況、學(xué)生參與課外體育現(xiàn)狀等幾個方面進行了闡述分析并歸納總結(jié),研究結(jié)論如下:(1)小學(xué)生在參與運動項目上男生偏向運動量大、競技性強的項目,健身健美的運動項目則是女生比較喜歡的;男生在鍛煉興趣及參與度上高于女生。(2)小學(xué)生在鍛煉次數(shù)選擇上較多的為每周兩次,鍛煉時間16-30分鐘的居多;在參與鍛煉方式上,小學(xué)生偏向于選擇與同伴一起參與鍛煉;選擇鍛煉場地主要有學(xué)校運動場地、公園廣場、小區(qū)。(3)各學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)及教師對體育活動的開展持支持態(tài)度。然而部分學(xué)校體育設(shè)施及器材不充足、學(xué)生的人身安全問題凸顯、責(zé)任制較模糊等使學(xué)校組織活動更多是出于形式,課外體育活動開展沒有完全滿足學(xué)生的鍛煉需求。(4)烏魯木齊市小學(xué)生家長認同子女在閑暇時間里參與課外體育活動,有了家長支持,學(xué)生們可以更加愉悅地、全身心地投入。然而大部分家長的支持只停留在意識層面上,較少用實際行動來引導(dǎo)學(xué)生參與。通過分析烏魯木齊市小學(xué)生課外體育活動存在的問題,提出如下對策:(1)保證學(xué)生鍛煉時間,鼓勵學(xué)生參與;(2)加大投入,解決場地及器材的不足;(3)提高學(xué)校、教師及家長對課外體育活動的認識;(4)開展安全教育,加強監(jiān)督,保證安全開展;(5)加大教師的指導(dǎo)力度;(6)加大宣傳,策劃各種活動,構(gòu)建良好的運動環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Extracurricular physical activity is an integral part of school education and an important part of school physical education. It is not only the extension of classroom teaching of physical education, but also the second classroom of physical education. However, extracurricular sports activities have their own system and relative independence. Extracurricular sports activities are different from physical education, such as flexible participation in the project, time and space are not constrained, which makes up for the lack of physical education. Extracurricular physical activity is a good medicine for the prevention and cure of modern children's myopia, obesity, stunting and so on. It plays a key role in establishing a healthy and civilized way of life for contemporary students and improving their physical quality. In the critical period of pupils' growth and development, it is necessary to take part in physical exercise in addition to timely supplementation of nutrition. Compared with physical education, students' participation in extracurricular physical exercise is more conducive to promoting physical and mental development and fostering interest. And enriching life after school is of great significance. Based on the methods of literature, field observation, questionnaire and data statistics, this paper investigates and studies the overall situation of students' participation in extracurricular sports activities in Urumqi, from the cognitive level of students' participation in schools and families. This paper expounds and summarizes the status of school sports resources and students' participation in extracurricular sports. The research conclusions are as follows: (1) the primary school students tend to take part in sports with large amount of sports and strong competitive ability. The sports of fitness and fitness are preferred by girls; boys are more interested in exercise and participation than girls. (2) pupils choose more times of exercise twice a week, and the exercise time is 16-30 minutes. Primary school students tend to choose to participate in exercise with their peers; the choice of exercise venues are mainly school sports venues, park square, community. (3) the school leaders and teachers hold a supportive attitude to the development of sports activities. However, some school sports facilities and equipment are not sufficient, the personal safety problems of students are highlighted, the responsibility system is relatively vague, and so on, which make the school organize more activities out of form. Extracurricular sports activities do not fully meet the needs of students. (4) the parents of Urumqi pupils agree that their children participate in extracurricular sports activities in their leisure time. However, the majority of parents' support is only on the level of consciousness, less use of practical action to guide students to participate. Through the analysis of the problems existing in the extracurricular sports activities of primary school students in Urumqi, the following countermeasures are put forward: (1) to ensure the time for students to exercise and encourage students to participate; (2) to increase investment to solve the shortage of venues and equipment; (3) to improve schools, Teachers and parents of extracurricular sports activities awareness; (4) carry out safety education, strengthen supervision, ensure safe development; (5) increase the strength of teachers' guidance; (6) increase publicity, plan various activities, build a good sports environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G623.8

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