發(fā)布時間：2018-07-10 13:57

  本文選題：飼料加工業(yè) + SCP范式��； 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：飼料加工業(yè)是一個綜合性的產(chǎn)業(yè)部門,是以飼料生產(chǎn)企業(yè)為核心,上游連接種植業(yè),下游連接養(yǎng)殖業(yè),以市場機制為中心形成的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈組織。目前,中國飼料加工業(yè)已經(jīng)形成了包括飼料加工工業(yè)、飼料原料工業(yè)、飼料添加劑工業(yè)和飼料機械工業(yè)在內(nèi)的結(jié)構(gòu)比較完整、功能比較齊全的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系,成為國民經(jīng)濟中不可替代的基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè),具有舉足輕重的地位。飼料加工業(yè)的大力發(fā)展,不僅帶動了種植業(yè)和養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展,而且促進了畜禽產(chǎn)品加工、物流、倉儲、零售業(yè)的進步,對于推進第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,調(diào)整和優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)具有非常重要的意義。目前,東北地區(qū)的飼料加工業(yè)體系已經(jīng)基本形成,飼料加工業(yè)已經(jīng)成為國民經(jīng)濟中的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)部門。飼料加工業(yè)在總產(chǎn)量和企業(yè)數(shù)量等方面有了一定的優(yōu)勢,一些大型企業(yè)集團在國內(nèi)市場上占有了一席之地,但是東北地區(qū)的飼料企業(yè)集中度偏低,基本屬于原子型的市場結(jié)構(gòu),數(shù)量眾多的小企業(yè)不能形成規(guī)模經(jīng)濟,競爭激烈。而且大量條件不足的新生飼料企業(yè)也紛紛進入市場,這些企業(yè)實力不強,在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)上完全模仿知名企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品,同質(zhì)化現(xiàn)象嚴重,產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量難以保障。本文依據(jù)產(chǎn)業(yè)組織理論,采用實證分析和規(guī)范分析相結(jié)合、定性分析和定量分析相結(jié)合的方法,從東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)環(huán)境分析入手,從SCP視角對東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)的市場結(jié)構(gòu)、市場行為和市場績效進行定性和定量分析,并研究三者之間的關(guān)系,建立東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)競爭力的評價指標并進行評價,同時對影響東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)發(fā)展的內(nèi)在和外在因素進行研究,為東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)的發(fā)展提供依據(jù)及其政策建議,也為其他地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)的發(fā)展提供借鑒。通過分析得出了如下結(jié)論:第一,經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展、人口持續(xù)增長的同時,未來食品的消費尤其是肉類食品消費還會繼續(xù)增加,這必然導致糧食和畜產(chǎn)品的消費量增加,從而作為中間產(chǎn)品的飼料的需求將持續(xù)上升。東北地區(qū)飼料糧的生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)與消費需求結(jié)構(gòu)不一致,飼料的供給存在相對不足,供給和需要矛盾還會持續(xù);第二,從東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)的市場結(jié)構(gòu)角度分析,飼料加工業(yè)內(nèi)的小企業(yè)數(shù)量過多,為集中度偏低、原子型的市場結(jié)構(gòu),這種結(jié)構(gòu)使東北地區(qū)的飼料企業(yè)表現(xiàn)為少數(shù)大型企業(yè)與眾多中小型企業(yè)并存的“過度分散”和“兩級分化”的市場結(jié)構(gòu)狀態(tài)。飼料加工業(yè)的結(jié)構(gòu)性壁壘、成本壁壘和政策性壁壘偏低。第三,在東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)分散的市場結(jié)構(gòu)條件下,任何一家飼料企業(yè)都無力控制飼料市場的價格,只能是價格接受者。但具有一定規(guī)模的地方性企業(yè)還是有能力采取限制性定價等方式,來參與市場競爭,并在競爭中獲勝。這也是飼料加工業(yè)區(qū)域性市場特征在定價行為上的具體體現(xiàn)。非價格策略主要包括營銷策略、產(chǎn)品差異化策略、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新及并購重組等。在東北地區(qū)個別企業(yè)以低質(zhì)量低價格的過度營銷導致一定程度的市場無序,影響了市場績效。第四,從市場績效角度分析,東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)的相關(guān)技術(shù)有了一定程度發(fā)展,技術(shù)進步的指數(shù)在全國居于中游,并且保持了持續(xù)上升的勢頭。由于技術(shù)進步的因素影響,使東北地區(qū)的全要素生產(chǎn)率處于全國中游的水平,但是純技術(shù)效率指數(shù)、規(guī)模效率指數(shù)、綜合技術(shù)效率指數(shù)較低;第五,在全國飼料加工業(yè)產(chǎn)品同質(zhì)化和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新不足的背景下,比較全國飼料加工業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力的得分情況,可分為三個等級:東北地區(qū)屬于第三等級,綜合競爭力的評價結(jié)果較低。第六,從產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)因素看,飼料加工企業(yè)間競爭激烈、存在著潛在進入者的威脅、飼料加工業(yè)的上下游產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展直接影響飼料供給;從飼料加工業(yè)政策因素看,東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)缺少優(yōu)惠和扶植政策、飼料加工業(yè)的檢測及監(jiān)管體系不夠健全、飼料企業(yè)對現(xiàn)有的政策內(nèi)容認知、政策效用認知不夠;從飼料企業(yè)自身因素以及產(chǎn)品自身等因素看,飼料加工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)不夠合理、飼料企業(yè)運行成本高、企業(yè)管理制度和理念有待于提升,食品安全及公共衛(wèi)生事件構(gòu)成阻礙東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)快速健康發(fā)展的主要因素。本文的創(chuàng)新點主要體現(xiàn)在:(1)研究視角創(chuàng)新。嘗試在SCP框架下對東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)及其上下游產(chǎn)業(yè)部門進行結(jié)構(gòu)—行為—績效的實證研究,得出“過度分散”和“兩級分化”的市場結(jié)構(gòu)、無序的市場價格競爭行為導致東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)競爭力低下的結(jié)論。(2)研究范圍創(chuàng)新。本文將東北三省看做一個整體,從中觀角度使用計量經(jīng)濟模型對飼料加工業(yè)的市場結(jié)構(gòu)和市場績效進行研究。目前,學術(shù)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)對飼料加工業(yè)的研究主要集中在飼料生產(chǎn)技術(shù)方面以及飼料生產(chǎn)管理和飼料營銷方面,這些研究都是建立在企業(yè)的微觀層面上,從產(chǎn)業(yè)層面研究飼料加工業(yè)問題,一般也是局限于某一個省市,還少有學者從產(chǎn)業(yè)特征相似的地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)范圍來研究飼料加工業(yè)發(fā)展問題。論文從產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、企業(yè)運行、政策因素等方面分析了東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)發(fā)展影響因素,為東北地區(qū)飼料加工業(yè)發(fā)展對策的制定提供了一依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The feed processing industry is a comprehensive industrial sector, which is the core of the feed production enterprises, the upstream link planting industry, the downstream connection breeding industry and the market mechanism as the center of the industrial chain. At present, the Chinese feed processing industry has formed a feed processing industry, feed raw material industry, feed additive industry and feed machinery. The industry system, which has a relatively complete structure and complete function, has become an irreplaceable basic industry in the national economy. The development of the feed processing industry has not only led to the development of planting and breeding, but also promoted the progress of livestock and poultry products, logistics, storage and retail industry. In the development of the third industry, it is of great significance to adjust and optimize the structure of the agricultural industry. At present, the feed processing industry system in the Northeast has been basically formed. The feed processing industry has become an important industrial sector in the national economy. The feed processing industry has a certain advantage in the total output and the number of enterprises. The enterprise group occupies a place in the domestic market, but the concentration of the feed enterprises in the northeast is low, which is basically an atomistic market structure. A large number of small enterprises can not form a scale economy, and the competition is fierce. Moreover, the new feed enterprises with a large number of insufficient conditions have also entered the market. On the basis of industrial organization theory, this paper, based on industrial organization theory, combines empirical analysis with normative analysis, and combines qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, starting with the industrial environment analysis of the feed processing industry in Northeast China, and from the perspective of SCP to the northeast area. The market structure, market behavior and market performance of the feed processing industry are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, and the relationship between the three is studied. The evaluation index and evaluation of the competitiveness of the feed processing industry in Northeast China are established and the internal and external factors affecting the development of the feed processing industry in Northeast China are studied, and the feed added to the northeast region is added to the northeast region. The development of industry provides the basis and policy recommendations, and also provides reference for the development of the feed processing industry in other areas. Through analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: first, the rapid economic development, the continuous growth of the population, and the future consumption of food, especially meat food, will continue to increase, which will inevitably lead to the consumption of food and livestock products. The demand for feed as intermediate products will continue to rise. The production structure of feed grain in the northeast is not consistent with the consumption demand structure, the supply of feed is relatively inadequate and the contradiction between supply and demand will continue. Second, from the perspective of the market structure of the feed processing industry in the Northeast, the small enterprises in feed and industry are added to the industry. The quantity is too large, the concentration is low, the market structure of the atomic type, this structure makes the feed enterprises in the northeast region show the state of "excessive dispersion" and "two grade differentiation" in the coexistence of a few large enterprises and many small and medium enterprises. The structural barriers of the feed processing industry, the cost barrier and the policy barrier are low. Third, Under the decentralized market structure of the feed processing industry in Northeast China, any feed enterprise is unable to control the price of the feed market, only the price recipient. But the local enterprises with a certain scale have the ability to take restrictive pricing and other ways to participate in the market competition and win the competition. This is also the feed processing. The non price strategy mainly includes marketing strategy, product differentiation strategy, technology innovation and merger and reorganization. In Northeast China, the low quality and low price excessive marketing leads to a certain degree of market disorder and influence the market performance. Fourth, from the perspective of market performance. According to the analysis, the related technologies of the feed processing industry in Northeast China have been developed to a certain extent. The index of technological progress has been in the middle reaches of the country and maintained the momentum of continuous rising. The index of comprehensive technical efficiency is low; fifth, in the background of homogenization and lack of technological innovation in the national feed processing industry, the comparison of the regional competitiveness of the national feed processing industry can be divided into three grades: the northeast area belongs to the third grade, the evaluation result of the comprehensive competitiveness is low. Sixth, from the factor of product structure, feed The competition among the processing enterprises is fierce, there is a threat of potential entry. The development of the upstream and downstream industries of the feed processing industry will directly affect the feed supply. From the policy factors of feed processing industry, the feed processing industry in the northeast is short of preferential and supporting policies, the testing and supervision system of the feed processing industry is not perfect, and the feed enterprises are to the existing government. Content cognition and policy utility cognition are not enough. From the factors of feed enterprises themselves and products themselves, the production and product structure of feed processing industry are not reasonable enough, the running cost of feed enterprises is high, the management system and concept of enterprise need to be promoted, food safety and public health events constitute a hindrance to the feed processing industry in Northeast China. The main factors of the rapid and healthy development are as follows: (1) the research perspective innovation. An Empirical Study on the structure behavior performance of the feed processing industry and its upstream and downstream industries in Northeast China under the framework of SCP has been tried to obtain the market structure of "excessive dispersion" and "two grade differentiation", and the disorderly market price competition. The behavior leads to the low competitiveness of the feed processing industry in Northeast China. (2) the research scope innovation. In this paper, the three provinces of Northeast China are regarded as a whole, and the market structure and market performance of the feed processing industry are studied by using econometric model from the middle angle. At present, the research on feed processing industry in the academic field is mainly concentrated on the feed students. In terms of production technology, feed production management and feed marketing, these studies are based on the micro level of the enterprise and study the feed processing industry from the industrial level. Generally, the research is limited to a certain province and city, and few scholars have studied the development of feed processing industry from the similar industrial characteristics. The influence factors of the development of the feed processing industry in Northeast China were analyzed in the aspects of product structure, enterprise operation and policy factors, which provided a basis for the development of the feed processing industry in Northeast China.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F324.6

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