本文選題：大氣污染犯罪 + 環(huán)境刑法��； 參考：《甘肅政法學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)環(huán)境,是我們?nèi)祟?lèi)賴以生存的家園。大氣作為環(huán)境組成因素的一部分,是人類(lèi)生存的重要供給。大氣的污染不僅影響著環(huán)境整體的優(yōu)劣,更決定了人類(lèi)生活質(zhì)量的好壞。近些年來(lái),我國(guó)大氣污染的嚴(yán)重性早已刻不容緩,亟需加以治理。2014年初,我國(guó)東北黑龍江、吉林、遼寧多地更是連續(xù)發(fā)生大霧或霧霾天氣,PM2.5數(shù)據(jù)接連“爆表”。我國(guó)目前爆發(fā)的大氣質(zhì)量危機(jī),正是我國(guó)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)粗放式的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和對(duì)大氣質(zhì)量治理的疏懶所造成,加之法律在大氣污染犯罪方面的漏洞,終于積重難返,在近年遭遇大自然的報(bào)復(fù)。 世界上許多國(guó)家考慮到大氣污染的嚴(yán)重性,而將大氣污染犯罪規(guī)制于刑法之中,目的不僅在于保護(hù)眼前大氣污染犯罪所侵犯的法益,更注重于保護(hù)環(huán)境的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展。我國(guó)對(duì)于普通的大氣污染犯罪在實(shí)踐中大多以行政手段加以調(diào)整,嚴(yán)重的大氣污染犯罪才依據(jù)《刑法》第338條“污染環(huán)境罪”這一概括罪名加以規(guī)制。而大氣污染犯罪有隱蔽性、持續(xù)性等獨(dú)有特點(diǎn),概括罪名難以針對(duì)其特征予以懲罰。另外,《刑法》規(guī)定的現(xiàn)有刑罰措施,對(duì)于懲罰大氣污染犯罪有明顯的單一化。因此,本文通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外大氣污染犯罪理論及罪名的研究,提出自己淺顯的一些關(guān)于大氣污染犯罪的立法建議,以期在刑法中能單獨(dú)設(shè)立大氣污染罪。 本文共分為四章。第一章,闡述了我國(guó)大氣污染的現(xiàn)狀,主要介紹了大氣污染對(duì)人類(lèi)的危害性,我國(guó)對(duì)于大氣污染犯罪的法律規(guī)制及其演進(jìn)。第二章,研究國(guó)外大氣污染犯罪立法的現(xiàn)狀,主要以美國(guó)、德國(guó)、日本的立法理念與立法特征為研究對(duì)象。第三章,分析我國(guó)大氣污染犯罪的立法空白點(diǎn),深入探討我國(guó)學(xué)者關(guān)于大氣污染犯罪理論研究成果。第四章,基于對(duì)國(guó)外大氣污染犯罪的立法借鑒以及大氣污染犯罪理論研究,提出我國(guó)如何規(guī)制大氣污染犯罪的建議。
[Abstract]:Ecological environment, is our human survival of the homeland. As a part of environmental factors, atmosphere is an important supply for human survival. Air pollution not only affects the quality of the whole environment, but also determines the quality of human life. In recent years, the severity of air pollution in China has been urgent, and it is urgent to control it in early 2014. In Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces in northeast China, the PM2.5 data of heavy fog or smog have occurred continuously. The current atmospheric quality crisis in China is the result of extensive economic growth and lax control of atmospheric quality in our country for a long time. In addition, the loopholes in the law in the area of air pollution crimes have finally accumulated. In recent years, nature has encountered revenge. In view of the seriousness of air pollution, many countries in the world regulate the crime of air pollution in criminal law. The purpose is not only to protect the legal interests infringed by the crime of air pollution in the present time, but also to pay more attention to the long-term development of the protection of the environment. In our country, the common air pollution crime is mostly regulated by administrative means in practice, and the serious air pollution crime is regulated according to the general charge of "pollution environment crime" in Article 338 of the Criminal Law. However, air pollution crime has its own characteristics such as concealment and persistence, so it is difficult to punish its characteristics. In addition, the existing penalty measures stipulated in the Criminal Law are obviously unitary in punishing the crime of air pollution. Therefore, through the study of the theories and charges of the air pollution crime at home and abroad, this paper puts forward some simple legislative suggestions on the air pollution crime in order to establish the air pollution crime separately in the criminal law. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter expounds the present situation of air pollution in China, mainly introduces the harmfulness of air pollution to human beings, the legal regulation and evolution of air pollution crime in our country. The second chapter studies the current situation of the legislation of air pollution crime in foreign countries, mainly taking the legislative ideas and characteristics of the United States, Germany and Japan as the research objects. In the third chapter, the author analyzes the legislative gaps of air pollution crime in China, and probes into the theoretical research results of air pollution crime in China. The fourth chapter, based on the reference of foreign air pollution crime legislation and the theoretical study of air pollution crime, puts forward some suggestions on how to regulate the air pollution crime in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅政法學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D924.36

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