本文選題：桑塔格 + 《恩主》��； 參考：《南京師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：蘇珊·桑塔格是一位美籍猶太文學理論家、評論家和作家。她素以評論著稱,但她更傾向于稱自己為小說家。她的小說處女作《恩主》在1963年一經(jīng)出版就受到廣泛關注�！抖髦鳌肥且徊烤哂泻軓妭�人色彩的實驗性小說,它的主題和技巧無疑受歐洲存在主義哲學的影響,遙遙回應著薩特的荒誕虛無。雖然是一個60歲老人的自述口吻,卻留下了年輕學者進行象牙塔內(nèi)自省的、質疑的、形而上思考的痕跡。在小說里,主人公講述了他不斷做夢、釋夢和演繹夢的夢里人生,描述了他把自己交給夢幻的不可避免的兩難處境,全書彌漫著濃厚的存在主義思想。以存在主義為主線來解讀桑塔格的《恩主》,還原隱藏在主人公希波賴特背后的立足于哲學思辨的桑塔格形象,無疑是一次有益的嘗試。本文從薩特的存在主義視角解讀《恩主》中希波賴特的精神之旅。共分為緒論、正文和結論三個部分。緒論部分介紹桑塔格與存在主義的淵源和桑塔格的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。正文采用理論和文本細讀相結合的方式,借鑒薩特的存在主義思想,剖析《恩主》的主人公希波賴特的荒誕的夢里人生。正文部分分為五章,第一章分析薩特存在主義的基本內(nèi)涵以及薩特對自由的闡述。薩特認為“存在先于本質”,不存在客觀的規(guī)范約束生命,人類把自己界定成想要成為的人,即使這種行為無據(jù)可循。第二章結合薩特的“想象與自由”的觀點與《恩主》中希波賴特的夢境,分析其中包含的對存在主義的深刻思考。希波賴特擺脫掉道德、情感甚至人性的束縛,按照荒誕、無序的夢的啟示去安排生活,實現(xiàn)虛無的理想。第三章聚焦于希波賴特的親情,剖析他在與家人相處過程中對“自由”的詮釋。從最初的應付婚姻到最后與妻子的和睦相處,從最初對父親的冷漠到最后對父親的陪伴,他上了人生當中最重要的一課。第四章具體研究希波賴特與讓·雅克的友誼,分析在兩人交往的過程中希波賴特的心理波動和兩種生活選擇的交鋒。第五章分析希波賴特與安德斯太太的愛情,分析在夢境的指引下做出的不同選擇和最后導致的不同結果。在結論部分,本文認為通過對《恩主》中主人公精神之旅的剖析,可以對面臨相似生存困境的人們有所啟迪,相互尊重和承擔責任無疑是走向自由的一把萬能鑰匙。同時,也可以看到那個將自己對世界的困惑和看法編織在這個荒誕故事中的桑塔格。
[Abstract]:Susan Sontag is an American Jewish literary theorist, critic and writer. She is famous for her criticism, but she prefers to call herself a novelist. Her first novel, Grace, had received widespread attention since its publication in 1963. It was an experimental novel with a strong personal color, and its themes and techniques were undoubtedly influenced by European existentialist philosophy. A distant response to Sartre's absurd nothingness. Although it was a 60-year-old self-talk, it left traces of introspection, questioning, metaphysical thinking in the ivory tower by young scholars. In the novel, the protagonist narrates the life in which he constantly dreams, interprets dreams and deducts dreams, and describes the inevitable dilemma in which he gives himself to dreams. The book is permeated with strong existentialism. It is undoubtedly a useful attempt to interpret Sontag's Grace by taking existentialism as the main line, and to restore the image of Sontag, which is based on philosophical speculation, hidden behind the protagonist Hippo Wright. This paper interprets Hippo Wright's spiritual journey from Sartre's existential perspective. It is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction introduces the origin of Santagh and existentialism and the current research situation of Santagh at home and abroad. The text adopts the combination of theory and text reading, using Sartre's existentialism thought for reference, and analyzes the life in the absurd dream of the protagonist Hippo Wright. The first chapter analyzes the basic connotation of Sartre existentialism and Sartre's explanation of freedom. Sartre argues that "existence precedes nature", and that there is no objective norm that binds life, and that humans define themselves as the person they want to be, even if there is no basis for such behavior. The second chapter combines Sartre's "imagination and freedom" and Hippo Wright's dream in Grace to analyze the deep thinking of existentialism. Shipwright gets rid of the shackles of morality, emotion and even human nature, and arranges his life according to the revelation of absurd and disordered dreams to realize the ideal of nothingness. The third chapter focuses on Hippo Wright's kinship and analyzes his interpretation of freedom in the process of getting along with his family. He learned the most important lesson in his life from the first marriage to the final harmony with his wife, from his initial indifference to his father to his last companionship. Chapter four studies the friendship between Shepwright and Jean Jacques, and analyzes the psychological fluctuation and the confrontation between the two life choices in the process of their communication. Chapter five analyzes the love between Shepwright and Mrs. Anders, the different choices made under the guidance of dreams and the different results. In the conclusion part, this paper holds that through the analysis of the spiritual journey of the protagonist in the Lord of Grace, it can enlighten people who are faced with similar living difficulties. Mutual respect and responsibility are undoubtedly a master key to freedom. At the same time, you can see the Santag who weaves his confusion and view of the world in this absurd story.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I712.074

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前9條

1 吳百榮;;亦夢亦真實——對《恩主》中人物形象的原型解讀[J];安徽文學(下半月);2012年04期

2 柯英;;編碼與解碼游戲——《恩主》的隱含作者問題[J];國外文學;2011年03期

3 郝桂蓮;;作者死后的文本狂歡——從《恩主》和《死亡之匣》看桑塔格早期的小說作者觀[J];解放軍外國語學院學報;2009年01期

4 陳文鋼;;小說的冒險與小說術的迷幻:論蘇珊·桑塔格的《恩主》[J];外國文學研究;2008年03期

5 陳文鋼;;《恩主》與法國“新小說”[J];湖南工業(yè)大學學報(社會科學版);2008年02期

6 吳紅;;夢幻:現(xiàn)實生活的恩主——試論蘇珊·桑塔格《恩主》的詩學特征[J];世界文學評論;2007年01期

7 郝桂蓮;;桑塔格的批評理論與《恩主》的互文性解讀[J];當代外國文學;2006年04期

8 陳曉峰;;論《恩主》的后現(xiàn)代主義特征[J];江蘇教育學院學報(社會科學版);2006年02期

9 余志平;“梅杜薩之眼”——從《禁閉》看薩特的哲學視界[J];上海大學學報(社會科學版);2001年04期

相關博士學位論文 前3條

1 郝桂蓮;反思的文學：蘇珊·桑塔格小說藝術研究[D];四川大學;2014年

2 柯英;存在主義視閾中的蘇珊·桑塔格創(chuàng)作研究[D];蘇州大學;2013年

3 王建成;桑塔格文藝思想研究[D];山東師范大學;2010年

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 戴寶琴;徘徊于意識與潛意識之間[D];南昌大學;2011年

，

本文編號：2085948