發(fā)布時(shí)間：2024-06-29 10:29

　　杰克·倫敦(1876-1916)生活在十九世紀(jì)末二十世紀(jì)初的美國(guó),經(jīng)歷了美國(guó)歷史上風(fēng)云激蕩的年代。這一時(shí)期的美國(guó),經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速,工業(yè)化與城市化進(jìn)程加快,多種社會(huì)思潮涌動(dòng),各種社會(huì)矛盾也層出不窮。與此同時(shí),拳擊運(yùn)動(dòng)也進(jìn)入發(fā)展的重要時(shí)期,成為美國(guó)人生活中一項(xiàng)重要的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。杰克·倫敦筆下的拳擊手們?yōu)檠芯棵绹?guó)這一時(shí)期的時(shí)代特點(diǎn)和作家思想提供了極佳的素材。和其他作品相比,杰克·倫敦的拳擊作品受到的關(guān)注較少。筆者以杰克·倫敦作品中的拳擊手形象為研究對(duì)象,結(jié)合社會(huì)背景進(jìn)行了文本細(xì)讀,分析了其筆下拳擊手形象所承載的時(shí)代內(nèi)涵,揭示了杰克·倫敦思想中的矛盾特征。首先,拳擊手身上體現(xiàn)了杰克·倫敦對(duì)待當(dāng)時(shí)流行的社會(huì)達(dá)爾文主義的矛盾心態(tài)。隨著資本主義的發(fā)展,企業(yè)間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)越來(lái)越激烈,強(qiáng)調(diào)“適者生存”社會(huì)達(dá)爾文主義在美國(guó)流行起來(lái)。倫敦筆下的拳擊手兼具人性和獸性,拳擊手的生存環(huán)境和自然世界-一樣嚴(yán)苛,在其前期作品中拳擊手間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)遵循了“適者生存”的法則,但后期作品中的拳擊手們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)則打破了社會(huì)達(dá)爾文主義思想的桎梏,體現(xiàn)了“道德優(yōu)越者”生存的法則。其次,拳擊手身上反映了杰克·倫敦對(duì)待美國(guó)種族問(wèn)題的矛盾態(tài)度。杰克·倫敦...

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：63 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
Introduction
    1 Jack London and His Boxing Works
    2 Boxing in American Culture
    3 Literature Review
    4 Outline of This Thesis
Chapter One Boxers Indicating London's Idea of Social Darwinism
    1.1 Social Darwinism in the United States
        1.1.1 Basic Concepts of Social Darwinism
        1.1.2 Influence of Social Darwinism in US
        1.1.3 Conflicts between Social Darwinism and Morality
    1.2 London's Boxers:Wandering between Instinct and Morality
        1.2.1 Boxers' Physical Features:A Combination of Humans and Animals
        1.2.2 Boxers' Living Environment:A Metaphor of Natural World
        1.2.3 Boxers' Competitions:From Survival of the Fittest to Survival of the Moral Superior
Chapter Two Boxers Displaying London's Attitude to Racism
    2.1 Racism in the United States in London's Time
        2.1.1 The Reasons of Rampant Racism
        2.1.2. Racial Attitudes in Literature
        2.1.3 Racial Issues in Boxing
    2.2 London's Boxers:Dangling between White Supremacy and Black Greatness
        2.2.1 Johnson vs Burns:Best Black Boxer Defeating Unqualified White Champion
        2.2.2 Johnson vs Jeffries:Witty Black Boxer vs Silent White Fighter
        2.2.3 Pat and Rivera: London's Boxers with Black Champion's Ghost
Chapter Three Boxers Manifesting London's View of Reconstructing Masculinity
    3.1 Masculinity Crisis in the United States
        3.1.1 The Definition of Masculinity
        3.1.2 Feminization in Over-civilized Society
        3.1.3 "Work-Beast" Created by Urban Life
    3.2 London's Boxers:Hovering between in and off the Ring
        3.2.1 Boxers Seeking for Masculinity in the Ring
        3.2.2 Boxers Struggling for Masculinity off the Ring
Conclusion
References
個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)介
導(dǎo)師簡(jiǎn)介
獲得成果目錄清單
Acknowledgements



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