室內(nèi)裝飾材料的燃燒性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-12 16:46
【摘要】：本文利用錐形量熱計對多種木制品、泡沫塑料、鋪地材料以及復合材料的燃燒性能進行了研究,并通過試驗獲得的熱釋放速率(HRR)、熱失重速率(MLR)、有效燃燒熱(EHC)、煙釋放速率(SPR)、比消光面積(SEA)和點燃時間(TTI)等參數(shù)研究了材料的熱降解行為、阻燃機理和抑煙性能。文中還研究了外部輻射熱流對錐形量熱計各種參數(shù)的影響,以及參數(shù)間的相互關(guān)系。最后分析了與錐形量熱計有關(guān)的燃燒模型,并利用錐形量熱計對建筑材料燃燒性能分級進行了初步的探索。研究結(jié)果表明: (1) 經(jīng)過阻燃處理的木材其熱釋放速率有不同程度地降低,降低的多少與木材的種類和阻燃劑的含量有關(guān),而且阻燃處理還延長了木材的點燃時間。同時,木材的總放熱量、比消光面積和CO2 產(chǎn)率在阻燃處理后也有所降低,但CO 產(chǎn)率無顯著變化。另外,阻燃處理還可提高木材的成炭量。最后研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)未經(jīng)阻燃處理的木材制品在燃燒時其熱釋放速率會形成兩個波峰。 (2) 在輻射熱流較高的情況下(不低于30kW/m2),材料的熱釋放速率會隨著輻射熱流的改變呈現(xiàn)出線性的變化規(guī)律。根據(jù)這個線性關(guān)系,筆者提出了熱釋放系數(shù)這個概念,并依據(jù)這個參數(shù)可判斷材料燃燒的難易程度。同樣,對于熱厚性材料,當輻射熱流在30kW/m2 以上時,材料的點燃時間與輻射熱流也存在這樣的關(guān)系,即TTI-1/2與輻射熱流基本上也呈線性變化。 (3) 相同厚度的同種材料在同樣的外部條件下,隨輻射熱流增加,質(zhì)量損失速率會加快,總放熱量增加,但有效燃燒熱、CO 產(chǎn)率和CO2產(chǎn)率無多大變化。材料厚度增加,點燃時間會延長。 (4) 根據(jù)錐形量熱計所獲得的熱釋放速率峰值和總放熱量可以對建筑材料燃燒性能進行分級,這種分級方法比起以前的分級方法具有更多的優(yōu)點和科學性,并且可以統(tǒng)一各類材料的測試方法。 通過錐形量熱計得到的數(shù)據(jù)為建立火災特性數(shù)據(jù)庫提供了許多有意義的內(nèi)容,為消防研究、設(shè)計人員在火災荷載、火災危險性評估及性能化規(guī)范的建立等方面提供了極具參考價值的寶貴資源,為防火安全設(shè)計的實現(xiàn)打下了一定的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the combustion properties of various wood products, foamed plastics, floor coverings and composite materials were studied by means of a cone calorimeter. The thermal degradation behavior, flame retardancy mechanism and smoke inhibition properties of the materials were studied by the thermal release rate (HRR), thermogravimetric rate (MLR), effective combustion heat (EHC), smoke release rate (SPR), specific extinction area (SEA) and igniting time (TTI). The influence of external radiative heat flux on the parameters of cone calorimeter and the relationship between the parameters are also studied. Finally, the combustion model related to the cone calorimeter is analyzed, and the combustion performance classification of building materials is preliminarily explored by using the cone calorimeter. The results showed that: (1) the heat release rate of the treated wood decreased in varying degrees, and the decrease was related to the species of wood and the content of flame retardant. And the flame retardant treatment also prolonged the wood ignition time. At the same time, the total heat release, specific extinction area and CO2 yield of wood also decreased after flame retardant treatment, but the CO yield did not change significantly. In addition, flame retardant treatment can also increase the amount of wood charcoal formation. Finally, it was found that the heat release rate of wood products without flame-retardant treatment would form two peaks during combustion. (2) under the condition of high radiation heat flux (no less than 30kW/m2), The heat release rate of the material changes linearly with the change of the radiation heat flux. According to this linear relation, the concept of heat release coefficient is put forward and the difficulty degree of material combustion can be judged by this parameter. Similarly, for heat thick materials, when the radiation heat flux is above 30kW/m2, the ignition time of the material has the same relationship with the radiation heat flux. (3) under the same external conditions, the mass loss rate of the same material increases with the increase of the radiation heat flux. The total heat release increased, but the CO yield and CO2 yield of effective combustion heat did not change much. The thickness of the material increases and the ignition time is prolonged. (4) according to the peak heat release rate and the total heat release obtained by the cone calorimeter, the combustion performance of the building material can be classified. This classification method has more advantages and more scientific than the previous classification method, and it can unify the testing methods of all kinds of materials. The data obtained from the cone calorimeter provide a lot of meaningful content for the establishment of a database of fire characteristics, for fire protection research, designers in the fire load, The establishment of fire risk assessment and performance-based codes provides valuable resources for fire safety design.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：TU564
本文編號：2179658
[Abstract]:In this paper, the combustion properties of various wood products, foamed plastics, floor coverings and composite materials were studied by means of a cone calorimeter. The thermal degradation behavior, flame retardancy mechanism and smoke inhibition properties of the materials were studied by the thermal release rate (HRR), thermogravimetric rate (MLR), effective combustion heat (EHC), smoke release rate (SPR), specific extinction area (SEA) and igniting time (TTI). The influence of external radiative heat flux on the parameters of cone calorimeter and the relationship between the parameters are also studied. Finally, the combustion model related to the cone calorimeter is analyzed, and the combustion performance classification of building materials is preliminarily explored by using the cone calorimeter. The results showed that: (1) the heat release rate of the treated wood decreased in varying degrees, and the decrease was related to the species of wood and the content of flame retardant. And the flame retardant treatment also prolonged the wood ignition time. At the same time, the total heat release, specific extinction area and CO2 yield of wood also decreased after flame retardant treatment, but the CO yield did not change significantly. In addition, flame retardant treatment can also increase the amount of wood charcoal formation. Finally, it was found that the heat release rate of wood products without flame-retardant treatment would form two peaks during combustion. (2) under the condition of high radiation heat flux (no less than 30kW/m2), The heat release rate of the material changes linearly with the change of the radiation heat flux. According to this linear relation, the concept of heat release coefficient is put forward and the difficulty degree of material combustion can be judged by this parameter. Similarly, for heat thick materials, when the radiation heat flux is above 30kW/m2, the ignition time of the material has the same relationship with the radiation heat flux. (3) under the same external conditions, the mass loss rate of the same material increases with the increase of the radiation heat flux. The total heat release increased, but the CO yield and CO2 yield of effective combustion heat did not change much. The thickness of the material increases and the ignition time is prolonged. (4) according to the peak heat release rate and the total heat release obtained by the cone calorimeter, the combustion performance of the building material can be classified. This classification method has more advantages and more scientific than the previous classification method, and it can unify the testing methods of all kinds of materials. The data obtained from the cone calorimeter provide a lot of meaningful content for the establishment of a database of fire characteristics, for fire protection research, designers in the fire load, The establishment of fire risk assessment and performance-based codes provides valuable resources for fire safety design.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：TU564
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條
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相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條
1 付曉丁;磷氮硼阻燃劑的制備及其對刨花板阻燃性能影響的研究[D];中國林業(yè)科學研究院;2012年
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