發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-15 07:14

  本文選題：裝修住宅 + 居室環(huán)境　； 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：室內(nèi)環(huán)境質(zhì)量與人體健康息息相關(guān)。人們?cè)诮?jīng)歷了“煤煙型”和“光化學(xué)煙霧型”污染之后,正進(jìn)入以“室內(nèi)污染”為標(biāo)志的第三代空氣污染時(shí)期。 甲醛是裝修居室和建筑材料釋放到空氣中的主要污染物,因其潛在的致敏、致癌、致畸已成為近年室內(nèi)環(huán)境研究的熱點(diǎn)。在對(duì)長(zhǎng)沙市部分裝修住宅室內(nèi)環(huán)境調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,分析居室甲醛含量變化的影響因素,篩選有一定甲醛凈化能力的功能植物,利用吊蘭探討功能植物對(duì)居室甲醛的去除能力。 居室裝修后2年內(nèi)的甲醛超標(biāo)率53.3%,甲醛平均含量0.11±0.07mg/m3,甲醛濃度范圍為0.01～0.45mg/m3,最大超標(biāo)倍數(shù)達(dá)3.5倍；不同功能區(qū)裝修居室的甲醛平均含量順序?yàn)椋盒『⒎恐髋P(次臥、書房)客廳；甲醛濃度隨裝修后時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)呈總體下降態(tài)勢(shì),裝修后7個(gè)月以上的住宅室內(nèi)甲醛含量降低0.04mg/m3；裝修后短期內(nèi)室內(nèi)甲醛含量超標(biāo)率比裝修后長(zhǎng)期居室高約25%,主臥甲醛超標(biāo)率高達(dá)82.35%；相同裝修時(shí)間后的住宅,放置家具比未放入家具的居室甲醛平均含量提高0.04mg/m3；相同功能區(qū),同一住宅,平均溫度為28℃時(shí)甲醛平均濃度較平均溫度在22℃時(shí)甲醛的平均濃度提高0.15mg/m3,溫度升高對(duì)廚房的影響最大。 五種供試植物對(duì)甲醛的吸收率分別為：常春藤(87.8%)萬(wàn)年青(82.8%)吊蘭(81.4%)虎尾蘭(69.4%)蘆薈(65.8%)；不同時(shí)間段的植物吸收效果不同的,這可能與植物的生物學(xué)特性有關(guān)。試驗(yàn)初期(3h～9h)甲醛得到強(qiáng)烈吸收,9h～18h時(shí)間段,植物吸收甲醛能力逐漸降低,而試驗(yàn)后期(18h～24h),植物可能處于飽和階段,甲醛的吸收量微弱；植物單位葉面積對(duì)甲醛的吸收量和植株整體對(duì)甲醛的吸收量并不相同。針對(duì)相同室內(nèi)觀賞植株,葉面積越大,甲醛的吸收量越多。 室內(nèi)裝飾材料的甲醛釋放是一個(gè)由快變慢的過(guò)程,隨著甲醛含量的不斷升高,甲醛的釋放逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定,處于動(dòng)態(tài)平衡狀態(tài)；放置植物的居室較未放置吊蘭的居室甲醛含量降低0.15mg/m3,平均吸收率為4.7%,最大吸收率約10%；植物對(duì)居室甲醛的凈化作用需要與其他甲醛去除方法進(jìn)行聯(lián)合處理,以達(dá)到最優(yōu)的效果。
[Abstract]:The quality of indoor environment is closely related to human health. After "coal smoke" and "photochemical smog" pollution, people are entering the third generation air pollution period marked by "indoor pollution". Formaldehyde is the main pollutant released into the air by decoration rooms and building materials. Because of its potential sensitization, carcinogenesis and teratogenicity, it has become a hot spot in indoor environmental research in recent years. Based on the investigation of indoor environment of partially decorated residential buildings in Changsha City, the factors influencing the change of formaldehyde content in living rooms were analyzed, and the functional plants with certain formaldehyde purification ability were selected. The average formaldehyde content was 0.11 鹵0.07 mg / m ~ (-3), the formaldehyde concentration range was 0.01 ~ 0.45 mg / m ~ (3), the maximum exceeded the standard multiple was 3.5 times, the order of formaldehyde content in different functional areas was: the children's main bedroom (the second bedroom, the study) living room; The formaldehyde concentration decreased with the extension of decoration time, and the indoor formaldehyde content decreased 0.04 mg / m3 after decoration for more than 7 months. In the short term after decoration, the indoor formaldehyde content exceeded the standard rate by about 25%, and the main bedroom formaldehyde exceeded the standard rate as high as 82.35%. After the same decoration time, the average formaldehyde content of the furniture placed in the house was increased by 0.04 mg / m ~ 3 compared with the room without furniture; the same functional area, The average concentration of formaldehyde at 28 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2021176