基于射頻能量收集的結構健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設計與研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-30 12:00
【摘要】：結構健康監(jiān)測能合理規(guī)避結構損傷帶來的危害,對保障人民生命和財產安全至關重要。傳統(tǒng)的結構健康監(jiān)測大多依靠手動部署數(shù)據采集儀實現(xiàn)結構關鍵參數(shù)的測量,成本高且效率低。無線傳感器網絡可實現(xiàn)無線、直觀的結構健康監(jiān)測,但系統(tǒng)均采用電池供電,嚴重限制了網絡壽命和應用場景。為了解決目前結構健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)中數(shù)據采集不便、節(jié)點壽命有限等問題,本文基于射頻能量收集技術設計并實現(xiàn)了一種可充電結構健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),具體研究內容和貢獻有以下三點:1.系統(tǒng)闡述了可充電結構健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的宏觀架構及組成部分,并對核充電、低功耗通信、應變測量和云端存儲等核心模塊設計進行詳細說明。針對實時應用場景,考慮節(jié)點低功耗與高采樣頻率,提出系統(tǒng)設計思路。并從能量獲取、存儲和利用三方面說明系統(tǒng)設計難點及解決方法,為可充電結構健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設計與實現(xiàn)提供了詳細的理論指導與實踐方法。2.在鋼結構架設過程中,監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)需實時返回數(shù)據,節(jié)點功耗必須盡可能低以保證較高的采樣頻率。本文基于被動式RFID通信設計了兼容商用閱讀器的超低功耗無線監(jiān)測節(jié)點,并使用RFID閱讀器、接入無線網絡的路由器自行設計了匯聚節(jié)點和云端存儲與本地展示平臺,搭建了完整的超低功耗結構健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)鋼結構表面應變和溫度數(shù)據的實時獲取、存儲及展示。3.搭建實際的測試平臺對所設計系統(tǒng)的能量收集性能、節(jié)點能量消耗性能、傳感性能和無線通信性能進行評估分析。通過實驗數(shù)據分析了射頻能量收集傳感節(jié)點的能量收集效率提升方法,系統(tǒng)測試結果表明系統(tǒng)能可靠穩(wěn)定的工作,實現(xiàn)了高效的射頻能量收集及利用、傳感數(shù)據的即時準確獲取以及結構健康參數(shù)的直觀顯示。
[Abstract]:Structural health monitoring can avoid the damage caused by structural damage and is very important to ensure the safety of people's life and property. Traditional structural health monitoring mostly depends on manual deployment of data acquisition device to achieve the measurement of key structural parameters with high cost and low efficiency. Wireless sensor networks can realize wireless and intuitive structural health monitoring, but battery power supply is used in all systems, which seriously limits the network life and application scenarios. In order to solve the problems of inconvenient data acquisition and limited node life in the current structural health monitoring system, a rechargeable structural health monitoring system is designed and implemented based on RF energy collection technology. Specific research content and contribution have the following three points: 1. The macroscopical architecture and components of the rechargeable structure health monitoring system are described systematically. The design of the core modules such as nuclear charging, low power communication, strain measurement and cloud storage are described in detail. Considering the low power consumption and high sampling frequency of nodes in real time application scene, the system design idea is put forward. The difficulties and solutions of system design are illustrated from three aspects of energy acquisition, storage and utilization, which provide detailed theoretical guidance and practical methods for the design and implementation of rechargeable structure health monitoring system. 2. In the process of steel structure erection, the monitoring system needs to return data in real time, and the node power consumption must be as low as possible to ensure a high sampling frequency. Based on passive RFID communication, an ultra-low power wireless monitoring node compatible with commercial readers is designed in this paper. Using RFID reader, routers accessing wireless network design convergence node, cloud storage and local display platform. An ultralow power consumption structure health monitoring system is built to obtain, store and display the surface strain and temperature data of steel structure in real time. The energy collection performance, node energy consumption performance, sensor performance and wireless communication performance of the designed system are evaluated and analyzed by building an actual test platform. Based on the experimental data, the energy collection efficiency of the radio-frequency energy collection sensor node is analyzed. The system test results show that the system can work reliably and stably, and achieve efficient RF energy collection and utilization. The real-time and accurate acquisition of sensing data and the visual display of structural health parameters.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP274
本文編號：2299950
[Abstract]:Structural health monitoring can avoid the damage caused by structural damage and is very important to ensure the safety of people's life and property. Traditional structural health monitoring mostly depends on manual deployment of data acquisition device to achieve the measurement of key structural parameters with high cost and low efficiency. Wireless sensor networks can realize wireless and intuitive structural health monitoring, but battery power supply is used in all systems, which seriously limits the network life and application scenarios. In order to solve the problems of inconvenient data acquisition and limited node life in the current structural health monitoring system, a rechargeable structural health monitoring system is designed and implemented based on RF energy collection technology. Specific research content and contribution have the following three points: 1. The macroscopical architecture and components of the rechargeable structure health monitoring system are described systematically. The design of the core modules such as nuclear charging, low power communication, strain measurement and cloud storage are described in detail. Considering the low power consumption and high sampling frequency of nodes in real time application scene, the system design idea is put forward. The difficulties and solutions of system design are illustrated from three aspects of energy acquisition, storage and utilization, which provide detailed theoretical guidance and practical methods for the design and implementation of rechargeable structure health monitoring system. 2. In the process of steel structure erection, the monitoring system needs to return data in real time, and the node power consumption must be as low as possible to ensure a high sampling frequency. Based on passive RFID communication, an ultra-low power wireless monitoring node compatible with commercial readers is designed in this paper. Using RFID reader, routers accessing wireless network design convergence node, cloud storage and local display platform. An ultralow power consumption structure health monitoring system is built to obtain, store and display the surface strain and temperature data of steel structure in real time. The energy collection performance, node energy consumption performance, sensor performance and wireless communication performance of the designed system are evaluated and analyzed by building an actual test platform. Based on the experimental data, the energy collection efficiency of the radio-frequency energy collection sensor node is analyzed. The system test results show that the system can work reliably and stably, and achieve efficient RF energy collection and utilization. The real-time and accurate acquisition of sensing data and the visual display of structural health parameters.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP274
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