發(fā)布時間：2018-04-02 07:02

  本文選題：寒富蘋果　切入點：糖度　出處：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：水果的品質(zhì)檢測目前還停留在傳統(tǒng)的化學方法上,過程繁瑣,耗時費力。本研究來源于寒富蘋果內(nèi)部品質(zhì)快速無損檢測系統(tǒng)的研究與開發(fā)項目(沈陽市科技攻關項目F11-123-3-00)。本試驗以ARM11處理器為核心,以鹵素燈光源和USB2000+可見/近紅外光譜儀為光譜檢測平臺,在ARM11內(nèi)嵌的WinCE6.0系統(tǒng)上,采用VS2005編程工具,設計出人性化的軟件系統(tǒng),將寒富蘋果的糖度值輸出到LCD觸摸屏上。以寒富蘋果樣本作為研究的對象,采取二階微分、多元散射校正、平滑等方法對光譜進行預處理,選取485.01-900.71nm共1231個波長點建立寒富蘋果糖度的偏最小二乘數(shù)學模型。實現(xiàn)了寒富蘋果品質(zhì)快速檢測。具體研究內(nèi)容及取得的主要成果如下:(1)闡述了本課題研究的背景及其意義,分析了國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀。闡明了便攜式無損檢測開發(fā)的現(xiàn)實意義,確定了本研究基于近紅外光譜檢測技術和嵌入式技術進行便攜式無損檢測系統(tǒng)設計開發(fā)的研究技術路線與方案。(2)分析了無損檢測系統(tǒng)軟、硬件設計基礎理論。在對比分析ARM11處理器與S3C6410的處理器的特性的基礎上,確定了近紅外光譜技術的分析檢測流程和化學計量學中對光譜原始數(shù)據(jù)的預處理方法和偏最小二乘建模方法,提出了對建立的模型進行評價的數(shù)學指標。介紹了 WinCE6.0的結(jié)構和特點,分析了 WinCE6.0的構成,包括硬件層、OEM層、操作系統(tǒng)層和應用層。并對幾種常見的操作系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)劣進行了對比,最終選擇微軟公司的WinCE6.0系統(tǒng)做為ARM11的操作系統(tǒng)。(3)設計了便攜式無損檢測的硬件系統(tǒng)。通過對比研究各部件的參數(shù),確定了硬件系統(tǒng)的基本構成,硬件系統(tǒng)主要有USB2000+可見/近紅外光譜儀、嵌入式處理控制單元、鹵素燈光源、電源,光纖探頭等構成。其中ARM嵌入式處理控制單元主要完成數(shù)據(jù)的處理和人機交互,光譜儀用來對蘋果的光譜反射率信息進行采集,電源為ARM11處理器、散熱器和光源供電。根據(jù)各個部件的尺寸和功能需求設計了整個機體的外殼部分。并設計了便攜式農(nóng)產(chǎn)品檢測電源系統(tǒng)。實現(xiàn)了硬件設備的小型化、便攜化。(4)設計了便攜式無損檢測的軟件系統(tǒng),在ARM11內(nèi)嵌的WinCE6.0系統(tǒng)上,采用VS2005編程工具,設計出人性化的軟件系統(tǒng),對光譜儀參數(shù)進行設置、采集暗光譜、去除暗光譜、存儲參考光譜、采集和保存蘋果樣品光譜數(shù)據(jù),并與事先載入的糖度模型進行運算,并在屏幕上顯示出檢測結(jié)果,實現(xiàn)了檢測結(jié)果的即時化顯示。(5)寒富蘋果的糖度無損檢測數(shù)學模型的建立與試驗分析。采取二階微分、多元散射校正、平滑等方法對光譜進行預處理,選取485.01-900.71nm共1231個波長點建立寒富蘋果糖度的偏最小二乘數(shù)學模型。預測模型決定系數(shù)R2=0.9852。并選取100個寒富蘋果進行了試驗驗證,表明該系統(tǒng)能很好地滿足寒富蘋果糖度的無損檢測要求,為寒富蘋果產(chǎn)中和產(chǎn)后的品質(zhì)管理提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐。此外該系統(tǒng),可以將經(jīng)過試驗研究得到的不同品種的果蔬糖度、酸度、色度(L*,A*,B*)模型導入該檢測系統(tǒng),實現(xiàn)不同品種果蔬多品質(zhì)參數(shù)的同時檢測。
[Abstract]:The quality detection of fruit is still stuck in the traditional chemical method, the process cumbersome, time-consuming and laborious. The research and development project of the study from Hanfu Apple internal quality nondestructive testing system (Shenyang city science and technology project F11-123-3-00). In this experiment, the ARM11 processor as the core, with a halogen lamp and visible / near USB2000+ infrared spectrum detection platform, ARM11 embedded in the WinCE6.0 system, using VS2005 programming tools, the design of software system of humanity, the Hanfu apple Brix value output to the LCD touch screen. The apple samples as the object of study, take the two order differential, multiple scattering correction, smoothing etc. methods the spectra were preprocessed, selected 485.01-900.71nm a total of 1231 wavelength points established partial least squares model of Hanfu apple sugar content. To achieve rapid detection of Hanfu apple specific research quality. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) describes the background and significance of the research, analyzes the research status at home and abroad. To clarify the practical significance of the development of portable testing, determined based on the portable testing system design and development of technical route and scheme of near infrared spectrum detection technology and embedded technology.. (2) analysis of the nondestructive testing system software, hardware based design theory. Based on comparative analysis of characteristics of ARM11 processor and S3C6410 processor on the analysis to determine the testing process and stoichiometry of near infrared spectroscopy in the spectral data preprocessing method and partial least squares modeling method, puts forward a mathematical evaluation index to establish the model. This paper introduces the structure and characteristics of WinCE6.0, analyzes the structure of WinCE6.0, including hardware layer, operating system layer and the OEM layer. Application layer. Compared to common operating system and the advantages and disadvantages of the final selection of WinCE6.0 system of Microsoft Corp as the operating system of ARM11. (3) the design of portable non-destructive detection hardware system. By comparing the parameters of each component, determine the basic structure of the hardware system, the hardware system consists of USB2000+ / visible near infrared spectroscopy, embedded processing control unit, a halogen lamp, power supply, optical fiber probe components. The ARM embedded control unit mainly complete data processing and human-computer interaction, for Apple spectrometer spectral reflectance information collection, power supply for the ARM11 processor, the radiator and the light source power supply. According to the demand of the size and function of each component the shell part of the body design. And the design of the portable detection of agricultural products supply system. To achieve the miniaturization of hardware devices (portable. 4) design of the portable testing software system, ARM11 embedded in the WinCE6.0 system, using VS2005 programming tools, the design of software system of humanity, to set the spectrometer parameters acquisition, dark spectrum, remove dark spectrum, memory reference spectra, collection and preservation of Apple sample spectral data, and calculate and sugar the load model in advance, and shows the test results on the screen, the detection results of real-time display. (5) of Hanfu apple sugar nondestructive testing to establish the mathematical model and experimental analysis. Taking the two order differential, multiple scattering correction, smoothing method to preprocess the spectrum, select 485.01-900.71nm 1231 wavelength points established partial least squares model of Hanfu apple sugar content. The coefficient of determination R2=0.9852. prediction model and selects 100 Apple test shows that this system can well meet the Nondestructive testing requirements of Hanfu apple sugar content, to provide data support for the quality management of Hanfu apple production and post production. In addition the system can be obtained through the experiment of different varieties of fruit sugar, acidity, chroma (L*, A*, B*) model into the detection system, detection of different varieties of fruits and vegetables more the quality parameters at the same time.

【學位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP311.52;S661.1
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本文編號：1699279