明代麓川治理問(wèn)題研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-06 20:33
【摘要】：明代是我國(guó)統(tǒng)一多民族國(guó)家發(fā)展的重要階段,境內(nèi)各民族不同程度的發(fā)展、壯大,給明代的統(tǒng)治者帶來(lái)了不小的壓力,迫使明代統(tǒng)治者正視民族問(wèn)題。為了處理好民族關(guān)系,穩(wěn)定對(duì)邊疆民族地區(qū)的統(tǒng)治,明代統(tǒng)治者制定了內(nèi)容十分豐富的民族政策。但由于受明代國(guó)力強(qiáng)弱變化、當(dāng)政者個(gè)性以及政治斗爭(zhēng)等諸多因素的干擾,明代民族政策經(jīng)歷了一系列復(fù)雜的演變,給明代國(guó)力造成了巨大影響�？梢哉f(shuō),明代的興衰都與民族及民族政策的成敗有極為密切的關(guān)系。 本文以前人的研究為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)豐富、詳實(shí)的史志資料,運(yùn)用民族學(xué)、歷史學(xué)等學(xué)科的方法,結(jié)合相關(guān)學(xué)科理論,明代治理麓川思氏政權(quán)的民族政策的實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程,去探討明代治理邊疆民族地區(qū)及處理民族關(guān)系的政治得失,以揭示正確處理民族問(wèn)題的重要性。 全文論述構(gòu)成如下： 緒論,重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明了本文的研究?jī)r(jià)值、國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界相關(guān)研究概況、研究的基本內(nèi)容、研究方法等。 第一章,麓川地區(qū)早期的傣族政權(quán)。通過(guò)對(duì)麓川(即勐卯)地區(qū)歷史發(fā)展的描述,理清其發(fā)展脈絡(luò),回顧麓川這塊土地上傣族人民的政治生活情況。讓我們看到今天的傣族不僅有虔誠(chéng)的宗教信仰、美麗的勐巴娜西、別具一格的傣家竹樓、婀娜多姿的“小卜少”,恭謙、性情如水的傣家人民還有燦爛的文化,悠久的歷史。其歷史發(fā)展是中國(guó)民族史不可或缺的部分,其政治生活是中國(guó)多民族國(guó)家形成發(fā)展過(guò)程中必不可少的一環(huán)。在以麓川為中心的西部傣族地區(qū),歷史上曾經(jīng)建立過(guò)輝煌的達(dá)光王國(guó)、勐卯果占璧王國(guó),形成了西部傣族歷史上統(tǒng)一的地方政權(quán)。這些政權(quán)的形成與存在,不僅說(shuō)明了西部傣族的政治發(fā)展水平,同時(shí)也展現(xiàn)了西部傣族人民的經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化發(fā)展程度。 第二章,明代治理麓川的政治背景。介紹了明代為處理邊疆民族地區(qū)的少數(shù)民族事務(wù),自上而下,在中央和地方都設(shè)置相關(guān)的負(fù)責(zé)機(jī)構(gòu),以此加強(qiáng)對(duì)少數(shù)民族事務(wù)的管理。另外,回顧了麓川建置的歷史沿革,概述了麓川和中央王朝彼此聯(lián)系的不斷加深的過(guò)程；通過(guò)描述麓川當(dāng)時(shí)的政治形勢(shì),大體把握了明代著手治理麓川即將面對(duì)的基本狀況。 第三章,明代“析麓川地”削弱思氏政權(quán)。概括了明代治理麓川的民族政策有獨(dú)特之處,而且隨著麓川地區(qū)形勢(shì)的發(fā)展變化,其政策實(shí)施的重點(diǎn)在明代的不同統(tǒng)治者的不同時(shí)期也有所不同。自明太祖朱元璋至正統(tǒng)皇帝,由于麓川地區(qū)社會(huì)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化的發(fā)展,傣族土司的數(shù)量有所增加；明代在麓川地區(qū)實(shí)施的各項(xiàng)政策在一定程度上導(dǎo)致了麓川地區(qū)形勢(shì)的變化,明代不得不調(diào)整其政策；這樣,明代前期與中期的政策有很大不同。本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)亦在此處,通過(guò)特定的歷史人物、特定的歷史事件,將人物、事件和政策三者結(jié)合起來(lái),明代通過(guò)朱元璋、朱棣等明代統(tǒng)治者和“析麓川地”、“三征麓川”兩個(gè)特定的歷史事件,展現(xiàn)了明代治理麓川思氏政權(quán)的民族政策,反映出人物、事件對(duì)政策制定、施行的影響,從而揭示封建專(zhuān)制中央集權(quán)制度下,一切社會(huì)重大歷史事件皆由人治的局限性。 第四章,明代“三征麓川”殄滅思氏政權(quán)。在與中央王朝的交往中,麓川政權(quán)或戰(zhàn)或降,中央王朝或征或撫,這都是麓川西部傣族與中原的溝通、交流的方式,在征戰(zhàn)中彼此有了接觸、了解,也是邊疆逐漸與中央王朝一體化的過(guò)程。從歷史的維度,去正確看待明代治理麓川民族政策的利弊得失。明代治理麓川的民族政策一方面對(duì)明代和百夷社會(huì)都具有積極與消極影響,另一方面卻逐步增強(qiáng)了麓川傣族地區(qū)對(duì)中央王朝的向心力,增強(qiáng)了中華民族的凝聚力。 結(jié)語(yǔ),結(jié)合文章論述的內(nèi)容,提出了相應(yīng)的四個(gè)觀點(diǎn),其一,麓川的地緣優(yōu)勢(shì)是滇西傣族建立早期政權(quán)的重要原因；其二,明代“析麓川地”是對(duì)邊疆民族地區(qū)分而治之的時(shí)代體現(xiàn)；其三,明代“三征麓川”民族政策是從撫到剿、由弱到強(qiáng)的過(guò)程；其四,明代治理麓川民族政策是處理南方民族關(guān)系的一個(gè)縮影。
[Abstract]:The Ming Dynasty is an important stage for the development of the united multi-ethnic country in China. The development and expansion of various ethnic groups in China have brought no small pressure to the rulers of the Ming Dynasty, forcing the rulers of the Ming Dynasty to face the national problems. In order to deal with the national relations and to stabilize the rule of the border areas, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty made a very rich content. The national policy of the Ming Dynasty has undergone a series of complex evolvement, which has greatly influenced the national strength of the Ming Dynasty. It can be said that the prosperity and decline of the Ming Dynasty are closely related to the success or failure of the national and national policy.
On the basis of the previous study, based on the rich and detailed historical records, using the methods of ethnology, history and other disciplines, combined with the related subject theory, the Ming Dynasty governing the realization process of the ethnic policy of the Lusi's political power in the Ming Dynasty, to explore the political gains and losses of the border areas in the Ming Dynasty and to deal with the ethnic relations in the Ming Dynasty, in order to reveal the correct handling of the people. The importance of the family problem.
The full text is made up as follows:
The introduction focuses on the research value of this article, the general situation of academic research at home and abroad, the basic content of the research, and the research methods.
In the first chapter, the Dai ethnic regime in the early stage of the Lu Chuan area, through the description of the historical development of the Lu Chuan (Meng MAO) area, clarifies its development and reviews the political life of the Dai people on this land of Lu Chuan. Let us see today's Dai people not only have religious beliefs, beautiful Mong Bana Si, and a unique and graceful bamboo building of the Dai family. It is an important part of Chinese national history. Its political life is an indispensable part of the formation and development of China's multi-ethnic state. In the Western Dai area, the western region, centered on the Lu Sichuan Province, has been established in history. In the glorious kingdom of Daguang, the kingdom of Meng Mao fruit and the kingdoms formed the unified local regime in the history of the Dai nationality in Western China. The formation and existence of these regimes not only illustrated the level of the political development of the Dai people in the west, but also showed the economic and cultural development of the people of the Dai people in the West.
The second chapter, the political background of the Ming Dynasty, introduced the Ming Dynasty to deal with the Ethnic Minority Affairs in the border areas, from top to bottom, and set up the relevant responsible institutions in the central and local areas, so as to strengthen the management of the Minority Affairs. In addition, it reviewed the historical evolution of the establishment of Lu Chuan and summarized the connection between the Lu Chuan and the central dynasty. Through describing the political situation of Luchuan, we can grasp the basic situation that the Ming Dynasty will face when we start to govern Luchuan.
In the third chapter, the Ming Dynasty "Lu Chuan land" weakened the Si's regime. It summarized the unique features of the national policy of the Ming Dynasty, and with the development and change of the situation in the Lu Chuan area, the focus of its policy implementation was different in the different periods of the different rulers of the Ming Dynasty. From the Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang to the orthodox emperor, because of the Lu Chuan area society With the development of political, economic and cultural development, the number of Dai toast has increased; the policies implemented in the Ming Dynasty in the Lu Sichuan area have led to the changes in the situation in the Lu Chuan area, and the Ming Dynasty has to adjust its policy; in this way, the policy of the early Ming Dynasty and the middle period is very different. Historical figures, specific historical events, and the combination of characters, events and policies. The Ming Dynasty, through the Ming Dynasty rulers of Zhu Yuanzhang and Yongle, and the two specific historical events of "the Lu Sichuan land" and "the three Piedmont", showed the national policy of the Ming Dynasty's administration of the foothill's political power in the Ming Dynasty, reflecting the figures and the effects of the policy formulation and the implementation of the three historical events. It reveals the limitations of all the major social events in the feudal autocratic centralization system.
In the fourth chapter, the "three Piedmont" of the Ming Dynasty destroyed the thought of the political power. In the communication with the central dynasty, the Piedmont regime or the war or fall, the central dynasty or the expedition or caress, this is the communication between the Dai and the Central Plains in Western Lu Chuan, the way of communication, and the process of the integration of the border areas with the central dynasty. On the one hand, the national policy of the Ming Dynasty, on the one hand, had positive and negative effects on the Ming Dynasty and the hundred Yi society. On the other hand, it gradually strengthened the centripetal force of the Dai nationality in the Lu Chuan area to the central dynasty and strengthened the cohesion of the Chinese nation.
The conclusion, combined with the content of the article, puts forward four points of view. First, the geographical advantage of the Lu Chuan is the important reason for the Dai people in the western Yunnan Province to establish the early political power; secondly, the Ming Dynasty "the foothills of Sichuan" is an embodiment of the epoch of dividing and governing the frontier ethnic areas; thirdly, the national policy of "the three Piedmont" of the Ming Dynasty is from the suppression to the suppression and from the weak to the suppression. Fourth, the policy of Lu Chuan in the Ming Dynasty is a miniature of dealing with the relations between the South and the south.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D691.72;K248
本文編號(hào)：2168911
[Abstract]:The Ming Dynasty is an important stage for the development of the united multi-ethnic country in China. The development and expansion of various ethnic groups in China have brought no small pressure to the rulers of the Ming Dynasty, forcing the rulers of the Ming Dynasty to face the national problems. In order to deal with the national relations and to stabilize the rule of the border areas, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty made a very rich content. The national policy of the Ming Dynasty has undergone a series of complex evolvement, which has greatly influenced the national strength of the Ming Dynasty. It can be said that the prosperity and decline of the Ming Dynasty are closely related to the success or failure of the national and national policy.
On the basis of the previous study, based on the rich and detailed historical records, using the methods of ethnology, history and other disciplines, combined with the related subject theory, the Ming Dynasty governing the realization process of the ethnic policy of the Lusi's political power in the Ming Dynasty, to explore the political gains and losses of the border areas in the Ming Dynasty and to deal with the ethnic relations in the Ming Dynasty, in order to reveal the correct handling of the people. The importance of the family problem.
The full text is made up as follows:
The introduction focuses on the research value of this article, the general situation of academic research at home and abroad, the basic content of the research, and the research methods.
In the first chapter, the Dai ethnic regime in the early stage of the Lu Chuan area, through the description of the historical development of the Lu Chuan (Meng MAO) area, clarifies its development and reviews the political life of the Dai people on this land of Lu Chuan. Let us see today's Dai people not only have religious beliefs, beautiful Mong Bana Si, and a unique and graceful bamboo building of the Dai family. It is an important part of Chinese national history. Its political life is an indispensable part of the formation and development of China's multi-ethnic state. In the Western Dai area, the western region, centered on the Lu Sichuan Province, has been established in history. In the glorious kingdom of Daguang, the kingdom of Meng Mao fruit and the kingdoms formed the unified local regime in the history of the Dai nationality in Western China. The formation and existence of these regimes not only illustrated the level of the political development of the Dai people in the west, but also showed the economic and cultural development of the people of the Dai people in the West.
The second chapter, the political background of the Ming Dynasty, introduced the Ming Dynasty to deal with the Ethnic Minority Affairs in the border areas, from top to bottom, and set up the relevant responsible institutions in the central and local areas, so as to strengthen the management of the Minority Affairs. In addition, it reviewed the historical evolution of the establishment of Lu Chuan and summarized the connection between the Lu Chuan and the central dynasty. Through describing the political situation of Luchuan, we can grasp the basic situation that the Ming Dynasty will face when we start to govern Luchuan.
In the third chapter, the Ming Dynasty "Lu Chuan land" weakened the Si's regime. It summarized the unique features of the national policy of the Ming Dynasty, and with the development and change of the situation in the Lu Chuan area, the focus of its policy implementation was different in the different periods of the different rulers of the Ming Dynasty. From the Ming emperor Zhu Yuanzhang to the orthodox emperor, because of the Lu Chuan area society With the development of political, economic and cultural development, the number of Dai toast has increased; the policies implemented in the Ming Dynasty in the Lu Sichuan area have led to the changes in the situation in the Lu Chuan area, and the Ming Dynasty has to adjust its policy; in this way, the policy of the early Ming Dynasty and the middle period is very different. Historical figures, specific historical events, and the combination of characters, events and policies. The Ming Dynasty, through the Ming Dynasty rulers of Zhu Yuanzhang and Yongle, and the two specific historical events of "the Lu Sichuan land" and "the three Piedmont", showed the national policy of the Ming Dynasty's administration of the foothill's political power in the Ming Dynasty, reflecting the figures and the effects of the policy formulation and the implementation of the three historical events. It reveals the limitations of all the major social events in the feudal autocratic centralization system.
In the fourth chapter, the "three Piedmont" of the Ming Dynasty destroyed the thought of the political power. In the communication with the central dynasty, the Piedmont regime or the war or fall, the central dynasty or the expedition or caress, this is the communication between the Dai and the Central Plains in Western Lu Chuan, the way of communication, and the process of the integration of the border areas with the central dynasty. On the one hand, the national policy of the Ming Dynasty, on the one hand, had positive and negative effects on the Ming Dynasty and the hundred Yi society. On the other hand, it gradually strengthened the centripetal force of the Dai nationality in the Lu Chuan area to the central dynasty and strengthened the cohesion of the Chinese nation.
The conclusion, combined with the content of the article, puts forward four points of view. First, the geographical advantage of the Lu Chuan is the important reason for the Dai people in the western Yunnan Province to establish the early political power; secondly, the Ming Dynasty "the foothills of Sichuan" is an embodiment of the epoch of dividing and governing the frontier ethnic areas; thirdly, the national policy of "the three Piedmont" of the Ming Dynasty is from the suppression to the suppression and from the weak to the suppression. Fourth, the policy of Lu Chuan in the Ming Dynasty is a miniature of dealing with the relations between the South and the south.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D691.72;K248
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