發(fā)布時間：2018-08-03 19:06

【摘要】：唐前期是封建社會的鼎盛時期，同時也是各種自然災害的頻發(fā)期。唐前期的自然災害多種多樣，以群發(fā)性和鏈發(fā)性的特征出現(xiàn)，人為致災因素加重，致使全國受災范圍頗廣，給廣大人民的生活和生產(chǎn)造成了諸多困擾。然而，唐前期社會穩(wěn)定、國力強盛，政府在減災救災方面行政效率較高，在很大程度上使人民免受或少受了災害之苦。 唐前期政府救災已具備一定的系統(tǒng)性，整體上分為救災思想、救災措施、救災機制三大部分。唐前期救災思想包括民本思想、農(nóng)本思想和災異天譴論、陰陽五行災異觀，在這些思想的影響下，政府形成了各種各樣的救災舉措。唐前期政府救災措施包括災前防范措施、臨災救助措施、災后恢復措施三大部分，為了使救災舉措有效實施，政府提供了運作機制方面的保障。唐前期政府救災機制主要包括奏報和檢覆機制、咨詢和決策機制、執(zhí)行機制、監(jiān)察機制四大部分，這四個環(huán)節(jié)相輔相成，貫穿于政府救災工作的始終。 唐前期救災思想為救災措施提供了理論指導，而救災措施又賦予救災思想以實踐平臺；救災機制為救災措施提供了體制保障，而救災措施又檢驗完善著救災機制的實效和不足。救災思想、救災措施、救災機制相互獨立，又相輔相成，共同促進了唐前期救災工作的有效實施。
[Abstract]:The early Tang Dynasty was the heyday of feudal society and the frequent occurrence of all kinds of natural disasters. In the early Tang Dynasty, the natural disasters appeared in a variety of ways, with the characteristics of mass occurrence and chain occurrence, and the aggravation of man-made disaster factors, which caused a wide range of disasters in the whole country, and caused many troubles to the lives and production of the broad masses of people. However, in the early Tang Dynasty, the society was stable, the national strength was strong, and the government had a high administrative efficiency in disaster reduction and relief, which to a great extent saved the people from or less suffering from disasters. In the early Tang Dynasty, the government's disaster relief has been systematized, which is divided into three parts: disaster relief thought, disaster relief measures and disaster relief mechanism. In the early Tang Dynasty, the disaster relief thought included the people-oriented thought, the agriculture-oriented thought and the theory of different natural calamities. Under the influence of these thoughts, the government formed a variety of disaster relief measures. The early Tang Dynasty government disaster relief measures include pre-disaster prevention measures, disaster relief measures, disaster recovery measures, in order to enable the effective implementation of disaster relief measures, the government provided operational mechanisms to protect. In the early Tang Dynasty, the relief mechanism of the government mainly includes four parts, namely, the mechanism of newspaper and review, the mechanism of consultation and decision-making, the mechanism of execution and the mechanism of supervision. These four links complement each other and run through the relief work of the government from beginning to end. In the early Tang Dynasty, disaster relief thought provided theoretical guidance for disaster relief measures, and disaster relief measures provided practical platform for disaster relief thinking. Disaster relief mechanism provided institutional guarantee for disaster relief measures, and disaster relief measures tested the effectiveness and insufficiency of improving disaster relief mechanisms. The ideas, measures and mechanisms of disaster relief are independent and complementary, which promote the effective implementation of disaster relief in the early Tang Dynasty.
【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K242;X43

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