本文選題：清末新政　切入點：進士　出處：《曲阜師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：清末新政的實施，直接推動了留學熱潮的興起和海外教育的發(fā)展。大量傳統士紳也卷入了出國留學的熱潮，其中包括一大批在國內已取得傳統功名的進士。這是一種前所未有的現象。通過科舉考試獲得各級傳統功名者，可以說是傳統儒家文化的代表，尤其是科舉功名的最高等級進士的獲得者，堪稱中國傳統社會中的知識精英，也是清朝社會中的統治階層。為什么清末會有如此多的進士乃至翰林留學海外？他們留洋的目的是什么？學習狀況如何？歸國后對國內社會的政治、文化、教育等方面又起到了怎樣的作用？本文擬針對這些問題對進士階層留洋現象進行研究和討論。 本文主要分四個部分進行論述： 第一部分：進士留洋的時代背景。進士留洋現象是清末實施新政、廢科舉、興學堂、籌備立憲等大變革背景下的產物。清政府頒布了一系列鼓勵留學的政策。同時，日本及歐美各國為加強對中國文化的控制，都積極推行吸納中國留學生的政策。清末進士留洋這一特殊留學現象正是在這個特定的歷史背景下產生的。 第二部分：進士留洋概況。主要包括四個方面：首先，對進士留學的派遣方式進行了敘述，，包括進士館集體派遣、翰林院與各部院派遣、各省地方官員派遣和自費留洋四種方式；其次，介紹了進士留學國別的選擇以及所學專業(yè)；再次，介紹了進士留洋期間參加的社會活動和思想的變化；最后介紹了進士歸國后的去向。 第三部分：進士留洋的特點。進士留洋與其他留學群體相比，主要存在以下幾方面特點：（一）留洋方式以清政府集體派遣為主；（二）留洋目的與其他留學群體不同；（三）留學國家主要以日本為主；（四）學習專業(yè)以法政科為主。 第四部分：進士留洋對清末民初中國社會的影響。這部分也是本文的重點。這些進士回國后在促進政治改革和文化教育等方面大顯身手，對清末民初的政治改革、教育、文化等方面產生了重要影響。主要從留洋進士對清末政治改革的影響、對近代教育的影響和對文化傳播的影響三方面進行論述。
[Abstract]:The implementation of the New deal in the late Qing Dynasty directly promoted the upsurge of studying abroad and the development of overseas education.A large number of traditional gentry were also involved in the craze of studying abroad, including a large number of scholars who had gained traditional fame in China.This is an unprecedented phenomenon.It can be said that the representative of the traditional Confucian culture, especially the winner of the highest level of the imperial examination, is the intellectual elite in the traditional Chinese society and the ruling class in the Qing Dynasty.Why did so many scholars and even Hanlin study overseas in the late Qing Dynasty?What is the purpose of their stay abroad?How's your study?How does it play a role in politics, culture, education and so on after returning to China?This article aims at these problems to study and discuss the phenomenon of Scholars'class staying abroad.This paper is divided into four parts:The first part: the background of the time of the scholars studying abroad.The phenomenon of scholars studying abroad was the result of the great changes in the late Qing Dynasty, such as the implementation of the New deal, the abolition of imperial examinations, the revival of schools and the preparation of constitutionalism.The Qing government promulgated a series of policies to encourage students to study abroad.At the same time, in order to strengthen the control of Chinese culture, Japan and European countries actively promote the policy of absorbing Chinese students.In the late Qing Dynasty, the special phenomenon of studying abroad came into being under this particular historical background.The second part: the general situation of Jin Shi studying abroad.It mainly includes four aspects: firstly, it describes the dispatching methods of Jin Shi's study abroad, including the collective dispatch of the Jin Shi Museum, the dispatch of the Hanlin Academy and the departments and departments, the dispatch of local officials from various provinces and the retention of foreign students at their own expense; secondly,This paper introduces the choice of the country of studying abroad and the major learned; thirdly, it introduces the social activities and the change of thought of the students during their stay abroad; finally, it introduces the direction of the return of the jinshi.The third part: the characteristics of the scholars studying abroad.Compared with other groups studying abroad,There are the following characteristics: (1) the mode of studying abroad is mainly sent by the Qing government collectively. (2) the purpose of studying abroad is different from that of other groups studying abroad. (3) the main study countries are Japan. (4) the major of studying abroad is the subject of law and political affairs.The fourth part: the influence of Jin Shi studying abroad on Chinese society in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.This part is also the focus of this paper.After returning to China, these scholars made great efforts in promoting political reform and cultural education, which had an important impact on the political reform, education and culture in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.This paper mainly discusses the influence of studying abroad on the political reform in the late Qing Dynasty, the influence on modern education and the influence on cultural transmission.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K257

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