發(fā)布時間：2020-12-10 23:56

　　水稻是世界上最為重要的糧食作物之一。然而,多年來,水稻生產(chǎn)受到稻飛虱的嚴重為害,稻飛虱可直接或間接為害水稻。近年來,隨著全球氣候變暖,所有生物都受到氣候變化的影響。溫度變化影響飛虱的熱耐受性及其生理機制從而改變稻飛虱對溫度的適應(yīng)性。本研究通過測定三種稻飛虱在寄主植物存在或缺失條件下的亞致死高溫和致死高溫來比較它們對高溫的耐受性差異。昆蟲往往通過防御策略來抵抗極端溫度,本研究測定了不同溫度下三種熱激蛋白基因來比較三種稻飛虱對極端溫度的適合策略。1.三種稻飛虱亞致死高溫以及致死高溫的差異溫度是影響變溫動物適合度以及生存率的主要環(huán)境因素。采用溫控韋伯管（Weber-column）,比較了三種稻飛虱（灰飛虱（Laodelphax striatellus,SBPH）,褐飛虱（Nilaparvata lugens,BPH）以及白背飛虱（Sogatella furcifera,WBPH））成蟲在寄主植物存在或缺失條件下的亞致死高溫及致死高溫。不管寄主植物是否存在,灰飛虱的臨界最高溫（CTmax）顯著高于褐飛虱和白背飛虱的CTmax。寄主植物存在時,灰飛虱的熱昏迷溫度（HCT）顯著高于褐飛虱和白白背飛... 

【文章來源】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：104 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
CHAPTER 1 Literature Review
    1.1 Rice- Introduction and production
    1.2 Global Rice consumption from 2008-09 to 2017-18
    1.3 Insect pests of rice crop
        1.3.1 Rice planthoppers
        1.3.2 Rice leaffolders
        1.3.3 Rice stem borers
    1.4 Rice Planthoppers
        1.4.1 Planthoppers biology
        1.4.2 Significance and threat of rice planthoppers
        1.4.3 Planthopper damage to rice crop
    1.5 Global warming and climate change impact on insect pests
    1.6 Thermoregulation in insect pests
    1.7 Geographical changes in heat tolerance
    1.8 Thermal tolerance indices
        1.8.1 Critical thermal temperatures
        1.8.2 Heat coma temperatures
        1.8.3 Lethal temperatures
        1.8.4 Seasonal and rapid cold hardening
    1.9 Thermal indices effect on insect pests including planthoppers
    1.10 Survival approaches of insects at high temperatures
    1.11 Heat shock proteins and their functions
        1.11.1 Heat shock protein analysis limitations in insects
        1.11.2 Hardening effects in insects
    1.12 Objectives
CHAPTER 2 Comparison of upper sublethal and lethal temperatures in three rice planthopper species
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Material and Methods
        2.2.1 Insect cultures
        2.2.2 Determination of critical thermal maximum （CTmax）
        2.2.3 Determination of heat coma temperature （HCT）
        2.2.4 Determination of upper lethal temperature （ULT）
        2.2.5 Data analysis
    2.3 Results
        2.3.1 CTmax
        2.3.2 HCT
        2.3.3 ULT
    2.4 Discussion
CHAPTER 3 Induced expression levels of Hsp90, Hsp70 and Hsp60 in three rice planthopper species in response to thermal stress treatments
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Material and Methods
        3.2.1 Insect cultures
        3.2.2 Thermal stress treatments for analysis of HSPs
        3.2.3 Planthopper survival under different thermal stress treatments
        3.2.4 Isolation of RNA
        3.2.5 Synthesis of first-strand c DNA
        3.2.6 PCR
        3.2.7 Sequences of c DNA
        3.2.8 q RT-PCR Detection
        3.2.9 Data analysis
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Survival rate of three planthopper species under four different temperatures
        3.3.2 Expression profiles of three heat shock protein genes
            3.3.2.1 Expression profiles of Hsp90
            3.3.2.2 Expression profiles of Hsp70
            3.3.2.3 Expression profiles of Hsp60
    3.4 Discussion
CHAPTER 4 General Discussion and Conclusion
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Author biography


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