發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-02 06:01

  本文選題：道路作業(yè)人員 + 主動安全　； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國社會經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速發(fā)展下,道路交通行業(yè)進(jìn)入黃金發(fā)展期,道路車輛數(shù)和公路里程顯著增加,道路作業(yè)是保證交通通暢的重要保障,道路作業(yè)人員是特殊且龐大的群體,但是對于這類人缺乏有效的作業(yè)保護(hù)措施,屢屢出現(xiàn)道路作業(yè)人員發(fā)生交通事故的慘劇。針對上述問題,本文開展基于人-車-路的道路作業(yè)人員安全預(yù)警系統(tǒng)研究,設(shè)計(jì)了一款基于STM32F407控制的嵌入式安全預(yù)警系統(tǒng),能夠有效進(jìn)行道路作業(yè)安全預(yù)警,幫助駕駛員及時(shí)感知危險(xiǎn),采取合理的駕駛行為。這對保證行車安全、解決道路作業(yè)人員安全問題具有一定的理論意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。本文對基于人-車-路的道路作業(yè)人員安全預(yù)警模型展開研究,分析了駕駛員行為特征,提出基于“感知-認(rèn)知-反應(yīng)”駕駛員行為模型,駕駛員提前感知外部道路環(huán)境,預(yù)判可能存在的傷害,采取安全的駕駛操作降低交通事故。在研究車輛制動過程和安全距離基礎(chǔ)上,提出基于車輛制動距離的安全距離模型,并優(yōu)化標(biāo)定模型中的參數(shù)。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)良好的預(yù)警效果,設(shè)置合理的臨界預(yù)警距離,提出基于安全距離的多級安全預(yù)警模型。以安全預(yù)警模型作為理論支撐,本文設(shè)計(jì)了一款基于STM32F407主控芯片,GPS和433M通信模塊為信息采集單元,智能語音和TFT液晶顯示模塊為人機(jī)交互單元的嵌入式系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崟r(shí)收集并處理路況作業(yè)數(shù)據(jù),實(shí)現(xiàn)道路作業(yè)人員安全預(yù)警。論文中詳細(xì)闡述了系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì)、軟、硬件設(shè)計(jì)。系統(tǒng)主要分為三個部分:(1)主控單元,采用32位的STM32F407ZGT6為主控制芯片,實(shí)時(shí)、準(zhǔn)確的處理數(shù)據(jù)并協(xié)調(diào)各個子模塊有序工作;(2)信息采集單元,主要是GPS和433M無線通信模塊,GPS模塊用于采集作業(yè)區(qū)域位置和車輛位置、車速等信息,433M通信模塊實(shí)現(xiàn)作業(yè)區(qū)域和車輛間信息傳輸功能;(3)人機(jī)交互單元,外部指令輸入和系統(tǒng)處理后預(yù)警信息發(fā)布,預(yù)警信息通過文本顯示和語音提示的形式讓駕駛員感知,實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)安全預(yù)警的功能。本文最后進(jìn)行實(shí)際車輛模擬場景測試,驗(yàn)證系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行可靠性,通過對實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析,本系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)信息的準(zhǔn)確處理和道路作業(yè)及時(shí)預(yù)警,基本滿足了安全預(yù)警的設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy, the road traffic industry has entered a golden development period, the number of road vehicles and road mileage has increased significantly. Road operation is an important guarantee to ensure smooth traffic, and road operators are a special and huge group. However, for this kind of people lack of effective protection measures, road operators often occur traffic accidents. In order to solve the above problems, this paper studies the road operator safety early warning system based on human-vehicle-road, and designs an embedded security early warning system based on STM32F407 control, which can effectively carry out the road operation safety early warning. Help the driver to perceive the danger in time and adopt reasonable driving behavior. It has certain theoretical significance and practical value to ensure the safety of driving and solve the safety problems of road operators. In this paper, the safety early warning model of road operators based on man, vehicle and road is studied, the driver behavior characteristics are analyzed, and the driver behavior model based on "perception-cognition-reaction" is put forward. The driver perceives the external road environment ahead of time. Prejudge possible injuries and take safe driving practices to reduce traffic accidents. Based on the study of vehicle braking process and safety distance, a safety distance model based on vehicle braking distance is proposed, and the parameters in the calibration model are optimized. In order to achieve good early warning effect, a multi-level early warning model based on safety distance is proposed. Taking the security warning model as the theoretical support, this paper designs an embedded system based on STM32F407 main control chip and 433M communication module as information acquisition unit, intelligent voice and TFT liquid crystal display module as man-machine interaction unit. The system can collect and process the road operation data in real time and realize the road operator safety early warning. In this paper, the overall scheme design, software and hardware design of the system are described in detail. The system is mainly divided into three parts: 1) main control unit, using 32-bit STM32F407ZGT6 as the main control chip, real-time, accurate processing of data and coordination of each sub-module to work in an orderly way. The GPS and 433M wireless communication module are used to collect the position of the work area and the position of the vehicle. The communication module of 433M realizes the function of information transmission between the work area and the vehicle. The warning information is released after the external instruction input and the system processing. The warning information can be perceived by the driver in the form of text display and voice prompt, and the function of system security warning can be realized. At the end of this paper, the actual vehicle simulation scene test is carried out to verify the reliability of the system. Through the analysis of the experimental data, the system can realize the accurate processing of information and the timely early warning of road operation, which basically meets the design requirements of safety warning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP277

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