發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-01 03:45

  本文選題：光纖傳感 + 振動(dòng)檢測(cè)�。� 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：分布式光纖傳感技術(shù)具有長(zhǎng)距離、耐腐蝕、抗電磁干擾等優(yōu)點(diǎn),被廣泛應(yīng)用于周界安防、管道監(jiān)測(cè)、橋梁建筑、大壩防護(hù)等領(lǐng)域,主要測(cè)量對(duì)象包括有振動(dòng)、溫度、應(yīng)力等。其中振動(dòng)測(cè)量在許多領(lǐng)域中都有廣泛的應(yīng)用需求,如在周界安防中,通常采用人工巡邏或者電子攝像頭的方式,對(duì)外界入侵行為進(jìn)行預(yù)判。然而,隨著周界安防距離的增加,傳統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)手段所耗費(fèi)的人力成本將顯著提高,因此迫切需要一種可滿(mǎn)足長(zhǎng)距離周界安防預(yù)警的振動(dòng)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。此外管道輸送領(lǐng)域中,所需的輸送管道動(dòng)輒可達(dá)成百上千公里,并且管道埋藏在距離地表數(shù)米的地下,距離的增加和地下的鋪設(shè)方式使得人工巡檢存在成本高、效率低以及可靠性差等弊端。分布式光纖振動(dòng)檢測(cè)技術(shù)則因其具備價(jià)格低、效率高、性能好等眾多優(yōu)點(diǎn),已成為長(zhǎng)距離安全監(jiān)測(cè)的首選方案,顯著節(jié)省了人工成本并提高了檢測(cè)效率。本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于直線型Sagnac的分布式光纖振動(dòng)檢測(cè)定位系統(tǒng),通過(guò)光纖實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)振動(dòng)信號(hào)的感知、采集和顯示,設(shè)計(jì)了用于振動(dòng)模擬的嵌入式相位調(diào)制模塊,并開(kāi)發(fā)了LabVIEW上位機(jī)檢測(cè)軟件,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)振動(dòng)信號(hào)的實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)與顯示。同時(shí)借助振動(dòng)信號(hào)頻譜中的多級(jí)零頻點(diǎn)特性,提出了一種用于系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的多級(jí)零頻點(diǎn)定位算法。本文主要進(jìn)行了以下方面的研究:(1)研究直線型Sagnac分布式光纖振動(dòng)檢測(cè)定位系統(tǒng)的傳感機(jī)理,建立外界振動(dòng)信號(hào)檢測(cè)的理論模型。(2)搭建直線型Sagnac分布式光纖振動(dòng)檢測(cè)定位系統(tǒng),分析振動(dòng)檢測(cè)方法與定位原理。(3)針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)振動(dòng)激勵(lì)方法所存在的問(wèn)題,將嵌入式技術(shù)與壓電陶瓷技術(shù)相結(jié)合,設(shè)計(jì)出一種用于振動(dòng)模擬的嵌入式相位調(diào)制模塊,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)傳感系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試與標(biāo)定。(4)設(shè)計(jì)出LabVIEW上位機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)采集軟件,選擇高速數(shù)據(jù)采集卡,設(shè)計(jì)采集卡底層驅(qū)動(dòng)和用戶(hù)操作界面,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)振動(dòng)信號(hào)的實(shí)時(shí)采集。(5)分析傳統(tǒng)直線型Sagnac振動(dòng)傳感系統(tǒng)的定位理論及算法,針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)定位算法誤差較大的問(wèn)題,提出將多級(jí)零頻點(diǎn)用于定位的優(yōu)化方法,并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證得出,合理使用多級(jí)零頻點(diǎn)能夠提升系統(tǒng)的定位精度�；�于直線型Sagnac的分布式光纖振動(dòng)檢測(cè)定位系統(tǒng),以光纖傳感技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ),能夠?qū)崟r(shí)觀察到整個(gè)傳感鏈路中的振動(dòng)狀況,從而提升振動(dòng)檢測(cè)的自動(dòng)化水平,并可在各類(lèi)復(fù)雜環(huán)境下的長(zhǎng)距離振動(dòng)檢測(cè)領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行推廣。
[Abstract]:Distributed optical fiber sensing technology has many advantages such as long distance, corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance and so on. It is widely used in perimeter security, pipeline monitoring, bridge building, dam protection and so on. The main measurement objects include vibration, temperature, stress and so on. Vibration measurement is widely used in many fields, for example, in perimeter security, manual patrol or electronic camera is usually used to pre-judge the intrusion behavior of the outside world. However, with the increase of perimeter security distance, the cost of traditional detection methods will increase significantly. Therefore, a vibration detection system is urgently needed to meet the long range perimeter security warning. In addition, in the field of pipeline transportation, the required transportation pipeline can easily reach hundreds of kilometers, and the pipeline is buried several meters underground from the surface of the earth. The increase of distance and the way of laying underground make the cost of manual inspection high. Low efficiency and poor reliability and other drawbacks. Because of its advantages of low price, high efficiency and good performance, distributed optical fiber vibration detection technology has become the first choice for long distance safety monitoring, which has significantly saved labor cost and improved detection efficiency. In this paper, a distributed optical fiber vibration detection and positioning system based on linear Sagnac is designed. The sensing, collecting and displaying of the vibration signal are realized through the optical fiber, and the embedded phase modulation module is designed for vibration simulation. The software of LabVIEW upper computer is developed to detect and display vibration signal in real time. At the same time, a multi-level zero-frequency location algorithm for system optimization is proposed by virtue of the multi-level zero frequency point characteristics in the vibration signal spectrum. This paper mainly studies the following aspects: 1) study the sensing mechanism of linear Sagnac distributed optical fiber vibration detection and positioning system, and establish the theoretical model of external vibration signal detection. Build a linear Sagnac distributed optical fiber vibration detection and positioning system. This paper analyzes the vibration detection method and positioning principle. (3) aiming at the problems existing in the traditional vibration excitation method, an embedded phase modulation module for vibration simulation is designed by combining the embedded technology with the piezoelectric ceramic technology. To realize the debugging and calibration of the sensing system. (4) to design the data acquisition software of the LabVIEW upper computer, select the high-speed data acquisition card, design the bottom driver and user interface of the data acquisition card. The localization theory and algorithm of the traditional linear Sagnac vibration sensing system are analyzed. Aiming at the problem that the error of the traditional positioning algorithm is large, the optimization method of using multi-stage zero frequency to locate the vibration signal is put forward. The experimental results show that reasonable use of multi-level zero-frequency points can improve the positioning accuracy of the system. The distributed optical fiber vibration detection and positioning system based on linear Sagnac, based on the optical fiber sensing technology, can observe the vibration status of the whole sensing link in real time, thus improving the automatic level of vibration detection. It can be popularized in the field of long distance vibration detection in various complex environments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP212;TH825

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本文編號(hào)：1962730