【摘要】：深部地層鉆井提速是制約深部油氣資源勘探開發(fā)的主要技術(shù)瓶頸之一。近年來,以空氣錘、扭力沖擊器、液動(dòng)沖擊器等為代表的動(dòng)-靜耦合沖擊破巖工具在深井鉆井提速技術(shù)上已經(jīng)展現(xiàn)出顯著的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢。但是,巖石作為一種應(yīng)變率敏感材料,在深部復(fù)雜地應(yīng)力環(huán)境下受高應(yīng)變率沖擊載荷作用后,其破壞行為是十分復(fù)雜的。因此,有必要對動(dòng)-靜耦合沖擊破巖工具在深部地層的破巖機(jī)理進(jìn)行深入研究,為改善破巖技術(shù)、尋求高效破巖新方法提供理論支撐。 本論文以四川須家河組致密砂巖作為研究對象,以靜態(tài)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)、SHPB動(dòng)態(tài)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)以及ANSYS-AUTODYN非線性顯式動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真為研究手段,對模擬井下單齒沖擊破巖后巖石破碎特征、能量轉(zhuǎn)換和耗散規(guī)律、裂紋擴(kuò)展情況等進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)地研究,形成了適用于致密砂巖動(dòng)-靜耦合沖擊破巖方式的巖石破碎特征定量評價(jià)方法。本論文完成的主要研究內(nèi)容如下： (1)通過靜態(tài)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)和SHPB動(dòng)態(tài)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn),獲得了Johnson-Holmquist損傷本構(gòu)模型全部參數(shù),奠定了致密砂巖作為非線性顯式動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真材料的實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。 (2)利用改進(jìn)SHPB裝置,完成了常規(guī)單齒沖擊破巖實(shí)驗(yàn),基于分形理論對動(dòng)-靜耦合沖擊載荷作用下的巖石破碎特征進(jìn)行了分析,并基于彈性力學(xué)理論探討了巖石破碎的能量轉(zhuǎn)換和耗散理論模型,為后期仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)處理奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。 (3)利用ANSYS-AUTODYN線性顯式動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件對SHPB動(dòng)態(tài)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了仿真,驗(yàn)證和優(yōu)化了損傷本構(gòu)模型參數(shù),同時(shí)完成了高圍壓Johnson-Holmquist下巖石動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能參數(shù)仿真研究,建立了動(dòng)靜態(tài)巖石力學(xué)特征參數(shù)的聲波測井解釋統(tǒng)計(jì)模型。(4)利用／ 非線性顯式動(dòng)力學(xué)軟件,對模擬井底壓力下單齒動(dòng)-ANSYS-AUTODYN靜耦合沖擊破巖進(jìn)行了仿真研究,重點(diǎn)分析了單齒沖擊速度、井底圍壓、井筒液柱壓力以及壓入靜載對巖石裂紋擴(kuò)展、破碎坑體積、破碎比能以及能量轉(zhuǎn)換與耗散規(guī)律的影響。通過本論文研究,為致密砂巖層動(dòng)-靜耦合沖擊破巖機(jī)理研究奠定了實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ),為 改善和優(yōu)化深井高效破巖方法提供了理論支撐。
[Abstract]:Increasing drilling speed in deep formation is one of the main technical bottlenecks restricting the exploration and development of deep oil and gas resources. In recent years, air-hammer, torsional impactor, hydraulic impactor and so on have shown remarkable technical advantages in deep well drilling speed raising technology. However, as a strain rate-sensitive material, the failure behavior of rock is very complicated when it is subjected to high strain rate impact loading under the complex in-situ stress environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the rock breaking mechanism of dynamic and static coupling impact rock breaking tools in deep strata in order to provide theoretical support for improving rock breaking technology and seeking new methods of high efficiency rock breaking. In this paper, the dense sandstone of Xujiahe formation in Sichuan Province is taken as the research object, the static rock mechanics experiment, the SHPB dynamic rock mechanics experiment and the ANSYS-AUTODYN nonlinear explicit dynamic simulation are taken as the research means. The characteristics of rock breakage, energy conversion and dissipation, crack propagation and so on are systematically studied in this paper. A quantitative evaluation method of rock breakage characteristics is developed, which is suitable for dynamic and static coupling rock breaking of tight sandstone. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) through static rock mechanics experiment and SHPB dynamic rock mechanics experiment, all parameters of Johnson-Holmquist damage constitutive model are obtained. The experimental foundation of dense sandstone as nonlinear explicit dynamic simulation material is established. (2) by using the improved SHPB device, the rock breakage characteristics of rock under dynamic and static coupling impact loads are analyzed based on fractal theory. Based on the elastic theory, the energy conversion and dissipation model of rock breakage is discussed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the later simulation experiment data processing. (3) the dynamic rock mechanics experiments of SHPB are simulated by ANSYS-AUTODYN linear explicit dynamics software, and the damage constitutive model parameters are verified and optimized. At the same time, the dynamic mechanical properties of rock under high confining pressure Johnson-Holmquist are simulated. A statistical model of acoustic logging interpretation of dynamic and static rock mechanical characteristic parameters is established. (4) the simulation of rock burst by simulating the bottom hole pressure sending out order tooth movement and ANSYS-AUTODYN static coupling impact is carried out by using / nonlinear explicit dynamic software. The effects of single tooth impact velocity, bottom hole confining pressure, wellbore fluid column pressure and static loading on crack propagation, crashing pit volume, crushing specific energy, energy conversion and dissipation are analyzed. Through the research in this paper, the experimental foundation is established for the study of dynamic and static coupling rock breaking mechanism of tight sandstone layers, and the theoretical support is provided for improving and optimizing the high efficiency rock breaking method in deep wells.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE21

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李世民;李曉軍;;幾種常用混凝土動(dòng)態(tài)損傷本構(gòu)模型評述[J];混凝土;2011年06期

2 朱如凱;鄒才能;張鼐;王雪松;程榮;劉柳紅;周川閩;宋麗紅;;致密砂巖氣藏儲層成巖流體演化與致密成因機(jī)理——以四川盆地上三疊統(tǒng)須家河組為例[J];中國科學(xué)(D輯:地球科學(xué));2009年03期

3 于亞倫;木下重教;川北稔;;高速?zèng)_擊載荷下的巖石破碎特性[J];金屬礦山;1985年02期

4 宮鳳強(qiáng);李夕兵;葉洲元;;三軸SHPB巖石材料動(dòng)力學(xué)特性試驗(yàn)研究的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢[J];科技導(dǎo)報(bào);2009年18期

5 黃士芳,蘇衛(wèi)國,李理化;單齒侵入破碎巖石時(shí)的聲發(fā)射研究[J];礦冶工程;1984年01期

6 余靜;;巖石機(jī)械破碎規(guī)律和破巖機(jī)理模型[J];煤炭學(xué)報(bào);1982年03期

7 周杰梁;鄭百林;;基于中心差分法的纖維結(jié)構(gòu)碰撞動(dòng)力學(xué)分析[J];力學(xué)季刊;2011年03期

8 劉英;于立宏;;Mohr-Coulomb屈服準(zhǔn)則在巖土工程中的應(yīng)用[J];世界地質(zhì);2010年04期

9 劉明宇，，沈忠厚;單齒壓入作用下巖石內(nèi)部的應(yīng)力場以及裂紋擴(kuò)展規(guī)律的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];石油大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);1994年05期

10 劉清友,吳澤兵,馬德坤,孫冬野;盤式鉆頭破巖機(jī)理仿真分析[J];石油機(jī)械;1998年09期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張華;沖擊荷載作用下巖石動(dòng)態(tài)損傷特性研究[D];昆明理工大學(xué);2009年

本文編號：2308314