本文選題：采空區(qū) + 沉陷盆地　； 參考：《吉林大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國是煤炭資源消費大國也是原煤開采大國,因煤炭開采導致的土地沉陷面積正在逐年增加。由于煤炭開采過程而導致的區(qū)域的水文地質環(huán)境發(fā)生破壞和地表沉陷區(qū)的形成,嚴重破壞了地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境,造成地表農(nóng)業(yè)欠收、建筑物與道路塌陷等一系列環(huán)境惡化現(xiàn)象。因此需要對采空區(qū)的地表影響范圍進行計算分析,為恢復治理提供依據(jù)。本文以吉林省舒蘭礦業(yè)集團東富二礦所在的舒蘭市東富村地表沉陷變形情況為研究對象,分析了研究區(qū)地質條件和采空區(qū)條件對采空區(qū)地面沉陷的影響。對研究區(qū)的地表變形情況進行了詳細的勘察,確定了已有地面變形危害分布范圍,并確定了不同地表變形現(xiàn)象的成因機制。根據(jù)研究區(qū)多層煤層采空區(qū)的位置和規(guī)模,并結合已有成果和研究區(qū)實際地質條件確定概率積分法所需的計算參數(shù),然后分別計算了各采空區(qū)的最大可能沉陷值和影響區(qū)域,再運用疊加法,根據(jù)計算結果繪制出各煤層采空區(qū)的最大可能沉陷盆地和綜合研究區(qū)所有煤層采空區(qū)的最大可能沉陷盆地。并分別分析了各煤層采空區(qū)所形成的沉陷盆地對研究區(qū)的影響,并結合研究區(qū)所有采空區(qū)沉陷盆地特征和研究區(qū)現(xiàn)有地表沉陷特征,確定了研究區(qū)沉陷趨于穩(wěn)定區(qū)域和沉陷變形發(fā)展區(qū)域。運用FLAC3D程序對研究區(qū)進行三維數(shù)值模擬計算,分析研究區(qū)的最大可能沉陷形態(tài)。選用霍克-布朗模型作為研究區(qū)巖層模擬的本構模型,選用莫爾-庫倫模型作為研究區(qū)土層模擬的本構模型。數(shù)值模擬模型的強度參數(shù)由室內(nèi)巖土體試驗、以及基于實際地質情況選擇的霍克-布朗強度經(jīng)驗參數(shù)確定。根據(jù)研究區(qū)煤層采掘平面圖和地質剖面圖擬合地層起伏變化,并將研究區(qū)地表地形特征和巖層起伏形態(tài)反應到建立的數(shù)值模擬模型中。分析了兩種方法計算結果的不同,認為這主要由于概率積分法未考慮采空區(qū)間的相互作用和對研究區(qū)地質參數(shù)進行均質化、單一化選取,相比數(shù)值計算方法的結果更具有實際意義。最后運用FLAC3D程序模擬分析了地形形態(tài)和煤層傾角的變化對采空區(qū)沉陷盆地的影響。共建立3組對比實驗,共10個數(shù)值模型進行分析。分別研究了:地表地形不變,采空區(qū)在地表斜坡體的平面相對位置變化時沉陷盆地的變化;采空區(qū)的位置不變,地表斜坡體在不同坡度時沉陷盆地的變化;地表地形不變,煤層傾角變化時沉陷盆地的變化。并確定了各因素對采空區(qū)沉陷盆地的影響程度,探討了產(chǎn)生影響的原因。
[Abstract]:China is a big country of coal resource consumption and raw coal mining. The land subsidence area caused by coal mining is increasing year by year. As a result of the coal mining process, the hydrogeological environment of the area is destroyed and the surface subsidence area is formed, which seriously destroys the ecological environment of the area, resulting in a series of environmental deterioration phenomena, such as the underharvest of surface agriculture, the collapse of buildings and roads, and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate and analyze the surface influence range of goaf to provide basis for restoration and control. In this paper, the deformation of surface subsidence in Dongfulcun, Shulan City, Jilin Province, is studied, and the influence of geological conditions and goaf conditions on surface subsidence in goaf is analyzed. In this paper, the ground deformation in the study area is investigated in detail, and the distribution range of ground deformation damage is determined, and the cause mechanism of different surface deformation phenomena is determined. According to the position and scale of the goaf in the multi-layer coal seam in the study area, combined with the existing results and the actual geological conditions of the study area, the calculation parameters needed by the probability integration method are determined, and the maximum possible subsidence value and the influence area of each goaf are calculated respectively. According to the calculation results, the maximum possible subsidence basins in each coal seam goaf and the maximum possible subsidence basins in all coal seam goaf areas in the comprehensive study area are plotted by using superposition method. The influence of the subsidence basins formed in each coal seam goaf on the study area is analyzed, and combined with the subsidence basin characteristics of all the goaf in the study area and the existing surface subsidence characteristics in the study area, The stable subsidence area and the subsidence deformation development area in the study area are determined. In this paper, FLAC3D program is used to simulate the study area, and the maximum possible subsidence shape of the study area is analyzed. The Hawk-Brown model is used as the constitutive model of strata simulation in the study area, and the Mohr Coulomb model is used as the constitutive model of soil layer simulation in the study area. The strength parameters of the numerical simulation model are determined by the indoor rock and soil tests and the Hawk-Brownian strength empirical parameters selected based on the actual geological conditions. According to the mining plan and geological profile of coal seam in the study area, the variation of stratigraphic fluctuation is fitted, and the topographic characteristics and the undulating form of rock layer in the study area are reflected into the established numerical simulation model. The difference between the two methods is analyzed, which is mainly due to the fact that the probabilistic integration method does not consider the interaction between the goaf and homogenize the geological parameters of the study area. Compared with the numerical method, the results are more practical. Finally, the effects of topography and coal seam inclination on the subsidence basin in goaf are simulated and analyzed by FLAC3D program. Three groups of comparative experiments were established and 10 numerical models were analyzed. The subsidence basin changes of goaf in the plane relative position of the surface slope, the subsidence basin with the same goaf position, the subsidence basin change with different slope degree, the surface topographic change with the same surface topography are studied. The change of subsidence basin when coal seam inclination changes. The influence degree of various factors on the subsidence basin in goaf is determined, and the cause of the influence is discussed.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD325.3

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