發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-02 07:41

  本文選題：磷礦 + 微晶化　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本實(shí)驗(yàn)立足機(jī)械力化學(xué)基本原理，通過物理加工的方法，破壞天然礦物（包括中低品位磷礦、鉀礦、膨潤土、沸石、麥飯石等）的晶格結(jié)構(gòu)，提高物理活性。選擇性能優(yōu)異的助磨劑，延后研磨平衡到來時(shí)間，使得微晶化礦粉加工細(xì)度更細(xì)，增大其比表面積。 磷礦粉經(jīng)微晶化加工之后，由于晶格結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞，磷的枸溶率由4.03%提高到44.3%，從而使得中低品位磷礦粉的直接使用，成為可能。微晶化磷礦粉用于代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)磷肥，降雨時(shí)取得農(nóng)田地表徑流數(shù)據(jù)，分別測量地表徑流液中氮、磷、鉀的含量，并與傳統(tǒng)施肥水樣作對(duì)比。發(fā)現(xiàn)二倍磷礦粉處理對(duì)比傳統(tǒng)施肥，能夠減少磷元素流失60%左右，而且在實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行三個(gè)月后磷元素仍能持續(xù)釋放，與此同時(shí)傳統(tǒng)磷肥的磷已釋放完畢。施用微晶化磷礦粉還可以與氮肥反應(yīng)起到緩釋作用，實(shí)驗(yàn)表明大田中施用微晶化磷礦粉代替化學(xué)磷肥，在實(shí)驗(yàn)期三個(gè)月內(nèi)能減少氮肥流失20%左右。在農(nóng)學(xué)效果評(píng)價(jià)上，，二倍磷量微晶化磷礦粉處理的圣女果植株平均比傳統(tǒng)磷肥處理高度增加6%左右，產(chǎn)量提高了10%左右。但是等磷量處理效果不如傳統(tǒng)施肥。水蜜桃種植過程中添加微晶化鉀礦粉的處理，可溶性固形物含量明顯提高。添加微晶化磷礦粉的處理，由于磷礦粉對(duì)溶于水的鉀離子具有吸附作用，在土壤中鉀含量降低時(shí)，又能發(fā)生解吸附，補(bǔ)充土壤中的鉀。因此添加磷礦粉處理的水蜜桃，可溶性固形物含量也高于傳統(tǒng)處理。添加微晶化鉀礦粉的桃子平均單果重對(duì)比傳統(tǒng)處理增大了約7%。 土柱淋洗實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，麥飯石與膨潤土的組合對(duì)氮磷鉀三種元素的流失都有抑制作用，但抑制作用比較小。沸石在實(shí)驗(yàn)前期對(duì)氮和鉀流失的抑制作用明顯，隨著實(shí)驗(yàn)的進(jìn)行，其抑制作用逐漸減弱。沸石對(duì)磷的流失基本沒有抑制作用，但是使用磷礦粉與沸石配合，能顯著延長磷的釋放。沸石和麥飯石的組合對(duì)氮和磷都有明顯的減排效果，并且克服了沸石作用時(shí)間短的缺點(diǎn)。沸石和麥飯石組合對(duì)鉀流失前期基本沒有減排效果，實(shí)驗(yàn)后期效果逐漸明顯。沸石與膨潤土組合對(duì)氮磷鉀流失減排效果均不明顯。沸石對(duì)重金屬離子銅的吸附效果較好，但是對(duì)鋅離子幾乎沒有吸附作用。麥飯石和膨潤土對(duì)重金屬離子銅和鋅均有較好的吸附效果，但是當(dāng)環(huán)境重金屬離子含量降低時(shí)，易發(fā)生解吸附。
[Abstract]:This experiment, based on the basic principle of mechanochemistry, destroys the lattice structure of natural minerals (including low grade phosphate rock, potassium ore, bentonite, zeolite, and rice stone, etc.), and improves the physical activity. Specific surface area.
After the microcrystalline processing of phosphate rock, the dissolution rate of phosphorus is increased from 4.03% to 44.3% because of the destruction of the lattice structure, which makes it possible to use the medium and low grade phosphorus mineral powder directly. Compared with the traditional fertilization water sample, it was found that two times of phosphorus mineral powder treatment compared with traditional fertilization could reduce the loss of phosphorus by about 60%, and the phosphorus element could be released continuously after three months of experiment. Meanwhile, phosphorus in the traditional phosphate fertilizer has been released. The application of microcrystalline phosphorus mineral to replace the chemical phosphate fertilizer in Ming Da Tian can reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer by about 20% in the three months of the experimental period. In the evaluation of agronomic effect, the average height of the Cherry Tomatoes plant treated with two times phosphorus microcrystalline phosphorous mineral powder increased by 6%, and the yield increased by about 10%. The content of soluble solids in the process of adding microcrystalline potassium mineral powder is obviously improved. The treatment of adding microcrystalline phosphor ore powder has a adsorption effect on the potassium ions dissolved in water. When the content of potassium is reduced in the soil, it can also be desorbed and supplement the potassium in the soil. Therefore, the addition of phosphorus mineral is added to the soil. The content of soluble solids in peach was also higher than that in traditional treatment. The average fruit weight of peach added with microcrystalline potassium ore powder increased by about 7%. compared with traditional treatment.
Soil column leaching experiments showed that the combination of bentonite and bentonite inhibited the loss of three elements of N, P and K, but the inhibition effect was small. The inhibition effect of zeolite on the loss of nitrogen and potassium was obvious in the early stage of the experiment. With the experiment, the inhibition effect gradually weakened. The combination of phosphorous mineral powder and zeolite can significantly prolong the release of phosphorus. The combination of zeolite and rice stone has obvious effect on reducing nitrogen and phosphorus, and overcomes the shortcoming of short time of zeolite action. The combination of zeolite and rice stone has no effect on reducing the early potassium loss, and the effect is gradually obvious in the later period of the experiment. The combination of zeolite and bentonite to nitrogen is used. The effect of phosphorus and potassium loss is not obvious. The adsorption effect of zeolite on heavy metal ion copper is better, but there is almost no adsorption effect on zinc ion. The wheat rice stone and bentonite have good adsorption effect on heavy metal ions copper and zinc, but when the content of heavy metal ions in the environment is reduced, it is easy to be adsorbed.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TD985

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