發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-19 10:01

  本文選題：境界頂柱 + 厚度理論計(jì)算方法��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：露天開(kāi)采在礦產(chǎn)資源開(kāi)發(fā)利用中有著舉足輕重的地位,但是,隨著露天礦山的開(kāi)采進(jìn)程,開(kāi)采深度不斷加深,噸礦的回采成本逐漸增加,露天邊坡高度也不斷增高,安全問(wèn)題凸顯;露天開(kāi)拓運(yùn)輸、高陡邊坡、排水困難、深凹露天坑通風(fēng)等等一系列的問(wèn)題威脅著礦山的正常生產(chǎn),迫使礦山更新采礦技術(shù)。在這樣的背景下,露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采的礦石回采方式應(yīng)運(yùn)而生;然而,接踵而至的是新的技術(shù)問(wèn)題;①露天爆破會(huì)對(duì)地下井巷和采場(chǎng)造成一定的破壞作用,在地下工程與露天采場(chǎng)底之間應(yīng)保持足夠的距離;②過(guò)渡時(shí)期的地下工程作業(yè)影響露天作業(yè)的正常進(jìn)行和安全生產(chǎn),露天坑底與地下采場(chǎng)之間留有必要的境界頂柱和礦房間礦柱;③地下采空區(qū)會(huì)影響露天邊坡和生產(chǎn)作業(yè)的安全;④露天采場(chǎng)積水涌入井下,在地下與露天溝通的井巷或采空?qǐng)鲆�采取防水措�?防止泥沙水突然涌入井下。本文主要針對(duì)滇西貴金屬礦露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采的具體工程概況,研究其露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采過(guò)渡期境界頂柱厚度的問(wèn)題,力求通過(guò)研究工作,可以尋找出適合于該礦山境界頂柱厚度確定的方法,為礦山露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采的生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐提供一定的依據(jù)。本文的研究主要包含以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的調(diào)查和資料收集,了解礦山露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采的基本情況,初步了解礦山的地質(zhì)條件和礦巖條件:針對(duì)本次研究的三種主要巖性開(kāi)展現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣、制樣、室內(nèi)巖石力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)等工作,經(jīng)由霍克布朗準(zhǔn)則轉(zhuǎn)換求解得出了斑巖、灰?guī)r以及礦層的巖體力學(xué)參數(shù)。(2)論述了境界頂柱的主要破壞形式,即受拉破壞、冒落型破壞以及累積損傷破壞;并就影響境界頂柱穩(wěn)定的內(nèi)因、外因進(jìn)行了分析;同時(shí),根據(jù)彈塑性力學(xué)的基本知識(shí)及礦山地質(zhì)情況,建立了境界頂柱的力學(xué)模型-固支矩形板;并就該力學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了力學(xué)分析。(3)采用荷載傳遞交線法、厚跨比法、結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)簡(jiǎn)化梁法、結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)法、魯別涅伊特公式對(duì)該貴金屬礦露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采境界頂柱的厚度進(jìn)行了理論計(jì)算,得出當(dāng)?shù)V房跨度為11.94m時(shí),這幾種算法下境界頂柱厚度分別為:12.87m、8.36m、16.79m、60.05m、4.17m,同時(shí)通過(guò)回歸分析得出了不同理論計(jì)算方法下,境界頂柱厚度與礦房跨度之間的關(guān)系式。(4)采用FLAC3D數(shù)值模擬軟件,對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)簡(jiǎn)化梁法、結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)法、魯別涅伊特法、荷載傳遞交線法以及厚跨比法等理論計(jì)算方法計(jì)算得出的境界頂柱厚度為40米時(shí),地下采場(chǎng)對(duì)應(yīng)允許的最大跨度值進(jìn)行模擬分析,最終得出結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)簡(jiǎn)化梁法比較適合于該貴金屬礦露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采過(guò)渡期境界頂柱厚度的計(jì)算。(5)采用FLAC3D數(shù)值模擬軟件,模擬分析得出了該礦山露天轉(zhuǎn)地下開(kāi)采境界頂柱的最小厚度值為45米。在確定的境界頂柱最小安全厚度下,研究了不同的回采順序?qū)�境界頂柱的影�?最終得出垂直于礦體走向由礦體中央向兩側(cè)回采的方式對(duì)境界頂柱的擾動(dòng)較小,建議礦山采用該種回采順序。
[Abstract]:Opencast mining in the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources has a pivotal position, but with the open-pit mining process, mining depth deepening, tons of ore mining cost gradually increased, the slope height also increased, safety problem; open transport, high and steep slope, drainage problems, problems of deep open pit ventilation so a series of threats to the normal operation of the mine, the mine force update mining technology. In this context, as ore mining methods underground mining from open-pit; however, lots of new technical problems; the blasting damage effect on underground roadway and stope in underground engineering and open pit to keep enough distance should be at the bottom; normal and safe production of the open job the transition period of underground engineering work, open pit and underground mining. Have the necessary boundary pillar and room ore pillar; the underground goaf will affect the slope and the safety of production and operation; the open pit water into the underground, in underground and opencast mine goaf communication or to take waterproof measures, prevent sediment water suddenly poured into underground. The concrete project in this paper the precious metal ore open-pit to underground mining, the underground mining from open-pit transition boundary pillar thickness, through research, we can find out the suitable method to determine the thickness of boundary pillar mining, provide a basis for the production practice of mine open-pit to underground mining. This research mainly includes the following aspects: (1) through on-site investigation and data collection, to understand the basic situation of the mine open-pit to underground mining, a preliminary understanding of geological conditions of mines and ore rock conditions for this research: The three main lithology to carry out on-site sampling, sample preparation, indoor rock mechanics experiment, through the Hawke Brown criterion for solving the obtained porphyry, limestone ore and rock mechanical parameters. (2) discusses the main failure form of boundary pillar, namely tensile failure, falling damage and damage accumulation and the influence of internal factors; boundary pillar stability, external factors are analyzed; at the same time, based on the basic theory of elastic-plastic mechanics and mine geological conditions, established the mechanical model of boundary pillar - clamped rectangular plate; and the mechanical model of the mechanical analysis. (3) the intersection with the load transfer method, thick the cross ratio method, structural mechanics simplified beam method, the method of structural mechanics, the Lou Beneit formula of the precious metal ore mining boundary pillar thickness are calculated when the stope span is 11.94m, these algorithms under the state Pillar thickness were: 12.87m, 8.36m, 16.79m, 60.05m, 4.17M, at the same time were obtained by regression analysis of different theoretical calculation method, the relation between the boundary roof pillar thickness and stope span. (4) by using FLAC3D numerical simulation software, the simplified beam method of structural mechanics, structural mechanics method, Lubienieyitefa, load the transfer line method and the ratio of span to thickness by theoretical calculation method to calculate the thickness of boundary pillar is 40 meters, the maximum span of underground stope corresponding to the allowed values for simulation analysis, finally obtains the structural mechanics of simplified beam method is suitable for calculation in the precious metal ore open-pit to underground mining transition (thickness of boundary pillar. 5) by using FLAC3D numerical simulation software, simulation analysis shows that the minimum thickness of the mine open-pit to underground mining boundary value is 45 meters. The minimum safety thickness of top pillar in determining the realm, study the different stoping The influence of order on the top pillar of the boundary finally leads to the conclusion that the vertical direction of the ore body moves toward the central side of the orebody is less disturbed by the boundary pillar, and it is suggested that the mining order be adopted.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD863;TD853

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本文編號(hào)：1772633