負(fù)載型Pt基納米復(fù)合催化劑的制備及其對(duì)4-硝基苯酚加氫的研究
[Abstract]:Aromatic amines are widely used in many fields, such as fine chemical industry, fuel, medicine and so on. The process of preparing aromatic amines by catalytic hydrogenation reduction of nitroaryl compounds has become the most commonly used method for the production of aromatic amines because of its environmental friendliness and ease of operation. In the process of catalytic hydrogenation, the efficient catalyst has an important effect on the production cost and product quality of aromatic amines. In this paper, two kinds of supported Pt based nanocatalysts were prepared for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP). The main results are as follows: (1) Platinum modified supported nickel (NiPt) nanocatalysts were prepared. Firstly, supported platinum nanocatalysts were prepared by using glucose carbonized products as reducing agent and hydrotalcite as support. Secondly, platinum modified supported nickel nanocatalysts were obtained by calcining at high temperature. The main contents are as follows: the nickel aluminum hydrotalcite (NiAl-LDH) precursor was prepared by similar nucleation / crystallization isolation method. The NiAl-LDH precursor was mixed with glucose solution. In the process of crystallization, chloroplatinic acid was added, so that the crystallization process and the reduction process were carried out simultaneously. A highly dispersed supported platinum nanocatalyst (Pt@LDH/C) was prepared. Preparation of Platinum modified Nickel Nano-catalyst (NiPt). By calcining Pt@LDH/C at High temperature The effects of preparation conditions on the morphology and structure of nano-catalysts were investigated by changing the calcination temperature, and the optimum preparation conditions were determined. The effects of the morphology of nano-catalysts and the amount of Pt loading on the catalytic performance were obtained under the optimum preparation conditions. A series of NiPt nanocatalysts with different platinum loading were prepared by changing the loading amount of platinum. The structure and morphology of the nanocrystalline catalysts were characterized and the catalytic properties of the nanocrystalline catalysts were investigated. The results showed that when the theoretical loading amount of platinum was 0.6, the activity of nanometer catalyst was the highest. The bioporous carbon (PC) catalyst carrier was prepared by using biomass as raw material and molten salt as raw material in this study. Biomass is converted into porous carbon through a simple molten salt synthesis process. The carbonation and activation process can be completed in one step by this method, and the carbonation time and temperature are significantly reduced because the molten salt zinc chloride provides a better melting environment. The properties of porous carbon were characterized by XRD,TG-DSC,SEM,TEM,FT-IR and BET adsorption isotherms. The results show that the prepared porous carbon is amorphous, with a graded pore structure and a specific surface area of 1642 m2g-1.The surface is rich in various functional groups. These functional groups can provide more adsorption sites. 4. Preparation of Sno _ 2 / porous carbon complexes and their support and catalytic performance on Pt nanocatalysts. Firstly, solvothermal synthesis of tin dioxide / porous carbon (SnO_2-PC) complexes is studied. Then the supported platinum nanocatalyst (Pt@SnO_2-PC) was prepared by using ethylene glycol (EG) as the reductant Sno _ 2-PC complex as the carrier. The main contents are as follows: using stannous chloride as tin source, alkaline ethanol as reducing agent and solvent, the SnO_2-PC complex was prepared by mixing with porous carbon under solvothermal conditions. Then, using this complex as carrier and EG as reducing agent, Pt@SnO_2-PC. was prepared by solvothermal method in ethylene glycol / water system. The structure and morphology of the nanocatalysts were characterized and the catalytic properties of the nanocrystalline catalysts were investigated. The effect of oxide on the activity of nanometer catalyst was determined. The results show that: SnO2-PC has no catalytic effect on the experiment, and PtSn-SnO2-PC has higher activity than Pt@PC under the same Pt loading. The results show that SnO_2 can promote the catalysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:O643.36;TQ243.1
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