發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 04:15

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：長江口圓陀角附近泥沙輸移趨勢、巖芯沉積物粒度特征及其環(huán)境意義　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 沉積物 粒度 粒徑輸移趨勢 沙嘴 圍墾 長江口 圓陀角

【摘要】：圓陀角位于江蘇海岸的南端,屬于長江口北翼快速淤漲的海岸,其獨(dú)特的潮灘沉積環(huán)境和復(fù)雜的沉積動力過程,決定了該區(qū)域?qū)�海岸環(huán)境變化響應(yīng)十分敏感,徑流、波浪、潮汐、沿岸流及風(fēng)暴潮是影響圓陀角附近潮灘地貌動態(tài)變化的主要因素。本文以長江口北翼圓陀角附近潮灘為研究對象,針對該區(qū)域海岸動力環(huán)境復(fù)雜、物源豐富、受人類活動影響較大等特點(diǎn),通過野外觀測和潮灘沉積物粒度參數(shù)特征、137Cs測年分析研究,結(jié)合沿岸沙壩沙嘴地貌形態(tài)的遙感影像分析,從沉積泥沙輸移趨勢、現(xiàn)代沉積速率、潮灘沉積粒度對人類活動的敏感響應(yīng)等方面,對圓陀角附近潮灘近岸泥沙的輸運(yùn)過程、泥沙來源及沉積特征進(jìn)行了研究。 恒大圍墾大堤外側(cè)海灘表層沉積物粒度實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,研究區(qū)砂質(zhì)海灘表層沉積物以細(xì)砂級為主、分選性較好、正偏,由于受人類大規(guī)模圍墾活動的影響,圓陀角附近潮灘的水動力發(fā)生了較大變化,水動力明顯增強(qiáng),細(xì)顆粒沉積物很難在近岸沉降。受圍墾活動影響,恒大圍墾大堤外側(cè)潮灘類型逐漸由粉砂淤泥質(zhì)潮灘轉(zhuǎn)變成砂質(zhì)海灘,沉積物粒度參數(shù)平面分布特征反映了海灘沉積與近岸的沙壩-溝槽地形有很好的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。 柱狀巖芯沉積物粒度參數(shù)特征表明,柱狀巖芯采樣點(diǎn)附近區(qū)域潮灘沉積物的主要成分為砂質(zhì)粉砂和粉砂,表明該區(qū)域主要為細(xì)顆粒沉積物堆積區(qū)。YTJ-5沉積物粒度呈現(xiàn)出自底部向上沉積物顆粒逐漸變細(xì)的特點(diǎn),屬于典型的潮灘沉積。在70cm深度以上含有較多的植物根系,沉積物沉積速率明顯增強(qiáng),反映出圓陀角附近海岸大規(guī)模引種互花米草有利于加快潮灘沉積物沉積,起到了很好的護(hù)岸促淤作用。巖芯沉積物在深度為100-160cm之間連續(xù)出現(xiàn)了多個(gè)粗粉砂沉積層,可能與風(fēng)暴潮影響有關(guān),反映了風(fēng)暴潮是短時(shí)間內(nèi)改變潮灘沉積過程的重要?jiǎng)恿χ�一。YY孔巖芯自底部向上沉積物顆粒呈現(xiàn)出先變細(xì)再變粗的特征,巖芯從底部至116cm深度,隨著潮灘的不斷淤高,沉積物顆粒不斷變細(xì),反映了受人類大規(guī)模圍墾活動影響之前潮灘的自然淤漲過程。116cm以上沉積物顆粒較粗,主要是受近期大規(guī)模圍墾筑堤活動的影響。巖芯粒度特征反映了河口海岸環(huán)境的變化,潮灘沉積對風(fēng)暴潮及人類活動的敏感響應(yīng)。 137Cs剖面所反映潮灘沉積速率顯示,自20世紀(jì)60年代以來圓陀角附近潮灘沉積物的平均沉積速率隨著潮灘的淤積增高而降低。但是由于受人類大規(guī)模引種互花米草活動的影響,在1975-1986年之間,圓陀角附近潮灘沉積物沉積速率快速增加,達(dá)到4.73cm/a,反映出人類大規(guī)模引種互花米草起到了很好的促淤護(hù)岸效果,改變了淤泥質(zhì)海岸的沉積環(huán)境。 泥沙輸運(yùn)影響著潮灘地貌形態(tài)和沉積結(jié)構(gòu)的形成和發(fā)展,圓陀角附近海岸發(fā)育一系列呈長條狀的且不斷向東南方向延伸的沙嘴。提取分析了這些沿岸沙嘴影像所反映的地貌形態(tài)特征數(shù)據(jù),發(fā)現(xiàn)圓陀角近岸海域的蘇北沿岸流輸沙是塑造圓陀角附近潮灘地貌的重要因素和過程。
[Abstract]:The round corner is located in the Jiangsu south coast, which belongs to the rapid siltation of the north wing of the coast, its unique sedimentary environment and complex sedimentary dynamic processes, determines the region sensitive response to coastal environmental change runoff, tides, waves, coastal current and storm surge is the main factor affecting the round the corner the dynamic changes of tidal landform. The Yangtze River Estuary north wing YUANTUOJIAO point near the beach as the research object, according to the regional coastal complex dynamic environment, abundant material sources, characteristics affected by human activities, through field observation and tidal flat sediment grain size parameters, analysis of 137Cs years, combined with the analysis of remote sensing the image of the topography of longshore sands spit from the trend, the modern deposition of sediment transport, deposition rate, sediment particle size on the aspects of human activity sensitive response. The transport process of the round corner of tidal flat sediment. The source and sedimentary characteristics of sediment have been studied.
Hengda reclamation embankment lateral beach surface sediment granularity. The experimental results show that the sandy beach surface sediments in the study area of fine sand level, good sorting, positive bias, due to large-scale human reclamation activities, changed greatly the hydrodynamic YUANTUOJIAO point near the tidal power, water increased, fine sediments are hard in the coastal settlement. By reclamation, reclamation of tidal flat type levee Hengda lateral silt change gradually from mudflat into sandy beach, plane distribution characteristics of sediment grain size reflects the good corresponding relationship between the sand bar and beach sediments with coastal trench topography.
Show that the grain size parameters like sediment cores, the main component of cylindrical core sampling area near the intertidal sediments of sandy silt and silty sand, indicating that the region is mainly fine particle size of sediment accumulation zone.YTJ-5 sediments from bottom to top shows characteristics of sediment particles tapering, belong to sedimentary typical plants. The root contains more in the above 70cm depth, the sediment deposition rate increased significantly, reflecting the YUANTUOJIAO point near the coast to speed up large-scale introduction of Spartina alterniflora in intertidal sediment deposition, played a very good role in revetment and siltation. The sediments in the depth of 100-160cm between the continuous emergence of a number of coarse silt deposited layer, and may storm surge, reflecting the storm surge is one of the most important power.YY core change of sedimentary process in a short period of time from the bottom to the top of sediment particles showing The first thinning then coarsening characteristics, core from the bottom to the depth of 116Cm, with the continuous accretion of intertidal flat, sediment thinning, reflect the influence of human activities before the large-scale reclamation of tidal flat natural siltation process of sediments above.116cm coarse particles, which is mainly influenced by the recent large-scale reclamation activities. The size of embankment the core features reflect the changes of estuarine and coastal environment, sensitive response of sedimentary of storm surge and human activities.
137Cs profiles reflect sedimentary rate, since the 1960s round of angle of tidal flat sediments near the average deposition rate decreased with the increase of tidal flat sedimentation. But due to the impact of human activities in the large-scale introduction of Spartina alterniflora, between 1975-1986 years, the round of angle near the intertidal sediment deposition rate increased rapidly, reaching 4.73cm/a reflect the human scale introduction to siltation of Spartina alterniflora revetment effect is very good, has changed the sedimentary environment of muddy coast.
Sediment transport affects the formation and development of tidal flat geomorphology and sedimentary structure, the round angle near the coast is characterized by a series of long strip-shaped and continuously to the south-east spit. The morphologic feature extraction and analysis of these data along the spit reflected image, found the Subei Coastal YUANTUOJIAO point nearshore waters flow the sand is an important factor shaping the round angle near the beach geomorphology and process.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736.21

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