發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-18 20:22

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，三維電子地圖已逐步代替了傳統(tǒng)的二維電子地圖，成為發(fā)展的主要趨勢，相比而言，三維地圖具有便捷、直觀、美觀等特性，，這些優(yōu)點(diǎn)已經(jīng)深深吸引著大眾的眼球。但是現(xiàn)實(shí)世界地理信息不是均勻分布的，而是毫無規(guī)律不均勻分布的，所以就出現(xiàn)了多分辨率三維地理空間模型。多分辨率三維地理空間模型主要是使用三維顯示技術(shù)以不同分辨率顯示不同區(qū)域的地理信息分布。 本文以分辨率、三維空間模型和LOD等概念作為理論基礎(chǔ)，分析高程點(diǎn)和等高線表達(dá)二維多分辨率地形的缺點(diǎn)，提出了多分辨率三維地理空間模型的概念。根據(jù)多分辨率三維地理空間模型的特性，提出了三種表達(dá)方式，即詳細(xì)表達(dá)、概括表達(dá)和合并表達(dá)；簡述等高線模型、不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng)、規(guī)則格網(wǎng)三種常用的三維地形建模方法，在此基礎(chǔ)上比較不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng)和規(guī)則格網(wǎng)各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，分析不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng)在地形的多分辨率表達(dá)中的優(yōu)勢，采用不規(guī)則三角網(wǎng)生成多分辨率三維地形模型。提出三維地物的多分辨率表達(dá)分為形狀、屬性和紋理的多分辨率表達(dá)，并從確定需要描述的空間對象、三維數(shù)據(jù)的存儲以及邏輯關(guān)系的表達(dá)、如何顯示模型三個(gè)方面闡述多分辨地理空間模型的特點(diǎn)。簡述各種采集三維數(shù)據(jù)的方法，分析其在多分辨率三維數(shù)據(jù)獲取中的優(yōu)劣勢，總結(jié)多分辨率三維地理空間模型在詳細(xì)表達(dá)區(qū)域和概略表達(dá)區(qū)域的三維數(shù)據(jù)采集方法。提出了作為多分辨率三維地理空間模型底圖的多分辨率電子地圖的制作流程和方法，并以“商洛腰市鎮(zhèn)三維數(shù)字化”項(xiàng)目數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行多分辨率三維地理空間模型實(shí)驗(yàn)。多分辨率三維空間模型是地形和地物的匹配集成，闡述在匹配集成時(shí)可能遇到的問題，并提出解決方法，然后在ArcScene平臺下將多分辨率空間模型進(jìn)行三維顯示。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, 3D electronic map has gradually replaced the traditional two-dimensional electronic map and become the main trend of development. These advantages have attracted the attention of the public. However, the real world geographic information is not uniformly distributed, but not uniformly distributed, so there is a multi-resolution three-dimensional geospatial model. Multiresolution 3D geospatial model mainly uses 3D display technology to display geographic information distribution of different regions with different resolutions. Based on the concepts of resolution, three-dimensional spatial model and LOD, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of elevation points and contour lines in representing two-dimensional multi-resolution terrain, and puts forward the concept of multi-resolution three-dimensional geospatial model. According to the characteristics of the Multiresolution 3D Geospatial Model, three kinds of expression methods are put forward, which are detailed expression, general expression and combined expression, three common 3D terrain modeling methods, I. E. contour model, irregular triangular network and regular grid. On this basis, the advantages and disadvantages of irregular triangulation and regular grid are compared, and the advantages of irregular triangulation in the multi-resolution representation of terrain are analyzed, and the multi-resolution 3D terrain model is generated by irregular triangulation. The multi-resolution representation of 3D objects is divided into multi-resolution expression of shape, attribute and texture, and the spatial objects to be described, the storage of 3D data and the expression of logical relations are determined. How to display the model in three aspects to illustrate the characteristics of the Multiresolution Geospatial Model. This paper briefly introduces various methods of collecting 3D data, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages in the acquisition of multi-resolution 3D data, and summarizes the methods of 3D data acquisition of multi-resolution 3D geo-spatial model in detail and in general. This paper presents the process and method of making Multiresolution Electronic Map as the base map of Multiresolution 3D Geospatial Model. Based on the project data of "3D digitization of Shangluo Town", the experiment of Multiresolution 3D Geospatial Model is carried out. Multi-resolution three-dimensional space model is the matching integration of terrain and features. The problems that may be encountered in matching integration are expounded and the solution is proposed. Then the multi-resolution spatial model is displayed on ArcScene platform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：P208

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